scholarly journals Mitigating Effects of Liriope platyphylla on Nicotine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization and Quality Control of Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
In Soo Ryu ◽  
Woo Cheol Shin ◽  
Minhan Ka ◽  
Hyoung-Geun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Behavioral Sensitization ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Liriope Platyphylla ◽  
Spicatoside A

In this study we investigated the mitigating effects of Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang extract on behavioral sensitization and the quantification of its major compounds. The extract of L. platyphylla reduces the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein, which is increased by nicotine, back to normal levels, and increases the expression of dopamine transporter (DAT) protein, which is reduced by nicotine, back to normal levels in PC12 cells. In this study, rats received nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, subcutaneously) only for seven days and then received extract of L. platyphylla (200 or 400 mg/kg, oral) 1 h prior to nicotine administration for an additional seven days. The extract of L. platyphylla reduced locomotor activity compared to the nicotine control group in rats. The extract of L. platyphylla significantly attenuated the repeated nicotine-induced DAT protein expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), but there was no effect on increased TH protein expression in the dorsal striatum. These findings suggest that L. platyphylla extract has a mitigating effect on nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization by modulating DAT protein expression in the NAc. For quality control of L. plathyphylla, spicatoside A and D, which are saponin compounds, were quantified in the L. platyphylla extract. The amounts of spicatoside A and D in L. platyphylla extract obtained from ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry were 0.148 and 0.272 mg/g, respectively. The identification of these compounds in L. platyphylla, which can be used for quality control, provides important information for the development of drugs to treat nicotine dependence.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Characterization for Quality Control of Phyllostachys pubescens Leaves Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Diode Array Detector and Tandem Mass Detector

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
Kwang-Hoon Song
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Diode Array Detector

Phyllostachys pubescens leaves are cultivated in a number of Asian countries and have been used for antipyretic and diuretic effects since ancient times, especially in Korea. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate of analytical method for quality control of P. pubescens leaves using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) detection. HPLC–DAD analysis was conducted with a Gemini C18 column, and distilled water–acetonitrile (both with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid) mobile-phase system. For the LC–MS/MS analysis, all markers were separated with a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column and gradient flow system of distilled water containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid and 5 mM ammonium formate–acetonitrile. In both method, major components were detected at 2.13–11.63 mg/g (HPLC–DAD) and 0.12–19.20 mg/g (LC–MS/MS). These methods were validated with respect to linearity (coefficient of determination >0.99), recovery (95.22–118.81%), accuracy (90.52–116.96), and precision (<4.0%), and were successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of P. pubescens leaves.

scholarly journals Development of a Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Methods for Quality Control of Daegunjoong-Tang

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3437
Author(s):  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Daegunjoong-tang (DGJT) is an oriental medicine consisting of four medicinal herbs (Zingiber officinale Rosc., Panax ginseng C.A.Mey., Oryza sativa L., and Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.) that is used to treat intestinal- and cancer-related diseases. In this study, a protocol for quality control of DGJT based on reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis were developed. In HPLC analysis, the marker analytes (hyperoside, quercitrin, ginsenoside Rg1, and 6-gingerol) were separated, verified, and quantified using a mobile phase of 0.1% (v/v) aqueous formic acid–0.1% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile system, and a C18 reverse-phase column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, particle size; 5 m) maintained at 40 °C. In LC–MS/MS analysis, all analytes were separated using a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, particle size; 1.7 μm). Using the developed HPLC and LC–MS/MS methods, the four marker analytes were found in the samples at 0.95–13.86 mg/g (HPLC) and 0.27–2.42 mg/g (LC–MS/MS). The assay will be useful for evaluating the quality of DGJT.

scholarly journals Empagliflozin attenuates diabetic tubulopathy by improving mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagy

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (4) ◽  
pp. F767-F780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ho Lee ◽  
Sang Hoon Kim ◽  
Jun Mo Kang ◽  
Jin Hyung Heo ◽  
Dong-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Fragmentation ◽  
Mitochondrial Quality Control ◽  
Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular

We examined the effects of empagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of Na+-glucose cotransporter 2, on mitochondrial quality control and autophagy in renal tubular cells in a diabetic environment in vivo and in vitro. Human renal proximal tubular cells (hRPTCs) were incubated under high-glucose conditions. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in male C57BL/6J mice. Improvements in mitochondrial biogenesis and balanced fusion-fission protein expression were noted in hRPTCs after treatment with empagliflozin in high-glucose media. Empagliflozin also increased autophagic activities in renal tubular cells in the high-glucose environment, which was accompanied with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition. Moreover, reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and decreased apoptotic and fibrotic protein expression were observed in hRPTCs after treatment with empagliflozin, even in the hyperglycemic circumstance. Importantly, empagliflozin restored AMP-activated protein kinase-α phosphorylation and normalized levels of AMP-to-ATP ratios in hRPTCs subjected to a high-glucose environment, which suggests the way that empagliflozin is involved in mitochondrial quality control. Empagliflozin effectively suppressed Na+-glucose cotransporter 2 expression and ameliorated renal morphological changes in the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Electron microscopy analysis showed that mitochondrial fragmentation was decreased and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine content was low in renal tubular cells of empagliflozin treatment groups compared with those of the diabetic control group. We suggest one mechanism related to the renoprotective actions of empagliflozin, which reverse mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy.

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