scholarly journals Converging Evidence Supporting the Cognitive Link between Exercise and Esport Performance: A Dual Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Adam J. Toth ◽  
Niall Ramsbottom ◽  
Magdalena Kowal ◽  
Mark J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Specific Cognitive Abilities

(1) Background: Research into action video games (AVG) has surged with the popularity of esports over the past three decades. Specifically, evidence is mounting regarding the importance of enhanced cognitive abilities for successful esports performance. However, due to the sedentary nature in which AVGs are played, concerns are growing with the increased engagement young adults have with AVGs. While evidence exists supporting the benefits of exercise for cognition generally in older adult, children and clinical populations, little to no work has synthesized the existing knowledge regarding the effect of exercise specifically on the cognitive abilities required for optimal esports performance in young adults. (2) Method: We conducted a dual-systematic review to identify the cognitive abilities integral to esports performance (Phase 1) and the efficacy of exercise to enhance said cognitive abilities (Phase 2). (3) Results: We demonstrate the importance of four specific cognitive abilities for AVG play (attention, task-switching, information processing, and memory abilities) and the effect that different types and durations of physical exercise has on each. (4) Conclusion: Together, these results highlight the role that exercise can have on not only combating the sedentary nature of gaming, but also its potential role in facilitating the cognitive aspects of gaming performance.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Distress of Patients with Psoriasis: Protocol for an Assessment of Care Needs and the Development of a Supportive Intervention (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jördis Maria Zill ◽  
Jörg Dirmaier ◽  
Matthias Augustin ◽  
Sarah Dwinger ◽  
Eva Christalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Psychosocial Distress ◽  
Supportive Care Needs ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Supportive Intervention

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is often associated with a number of somatic and mental comorbidity. Patients with psoriasis show an increased risk of depression and (social) anxiety. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are 1) to explore the psychosocial distress of patients with psoriasis and to assess their care needs; and 2) to develop a supportive intervention based on the prior results. METHODS A multi-stage design with four phases combining quantitative and qualitative methodology will be used and conducted in two centers. 1) A scoping review and focus groups will be used to design a questionnaire to assess the psychosocial distress and care needs of the patients. 2) The questionnaire developed in phase 1 will be used in a cross-sectional survey to assess the extent of psychosocial distress and supportive care needs in 400 patients with psoriasis. 3) A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to identify psychosocial and psychoeducational interventions for patients with psoriasis and to describe their effectiveness. 4) Based on the results of the phases 2 and 3 a manualized supportive intervention will be developed and the feasibility and acceptance of the intervention will be assessed. RESULTS Currently, phase 1 of the project has been completed and the recruitment for phase 2 has been started. The systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 3 are conducted simultaneously to phase 2 and results are expected soon. Phase 4 has not been started yet. CONCLUSIONS The expected results of this study will show the extent of psychosocial distress of patients with psoriasis in Germany and supplement previous research with findings about the supportive care needs of this patient group. Moreover, the developed intervention will help to address the psychosocial support needs of patients with psoriasis. Research shows that psychosocial support is strongly needed.

scholarly journals LO58: Long-term outcomes among emergency department syncope patients: a systematic review

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. S27-S27
Author(s):  
C. Leafloor ◽  
P. Jiho Hong ◽  
L. Sikora ◽  
J. Elliot ◽  
M. Mukarram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Approximately 50% of patients discharged from the Emergency Department (ED) after syncope have no cause found. Long-term outcomes among syncope patients are not well studied, to guide physicians regarding outpatient testing and follow-up. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review for long-term (one year) outcomes among ED patients with syncope. We aim to use the results of this review to guide us in prospective analysis of one year outcomes with our large database of syncope patients. Methods: We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline and Medline in Process, PubMed, Embase, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from the inception to June, 2017. We included studies that reported long-term outcomes among adult ED patients (16 years or older) with syncope. We excluded studies on pediatric patients, and studies that included syncope mimickers: pre-syncope, seizure, intoxication, loss of consciousness after head trauma. We also excluded case reports, letters to the editor and review articles. Outcomes included death, syncope recurrence requiring hospitalization, arrhythmias and procedural interventions for arrhythmias. We selected articles based on title and abstract review during phase-1 and conducted full article review during phase-2. Meta-analysis was performed by pooling the outcomes using random effects model (RevMan v.5.3; Cochrane Collaboration). Results: Initial literature search generated 2094 articles after duplicate removal. 50 articles remained after phase-1 (=0.85) and 16 articles were included in the systematic review after phase-2 (=0.86). The 16 included studies enrolled a total of 44,755 patients. Pooled analysis at 1-year follow-up showed the following outcomes: 7% mortality; 14% recurrence of syncope requiring hospitalization; one study reported that 0.6% of patients had a pacemaker inserted; and two studies reported 0.8 11.5% of patients suffered new arrhythmias. Conclusion: An important proportion of ED patients with syncope suffer outcomes at 1-year. Appropriate follow-up is needed to prevent long-term adverse outcomes. Further prospective research to identify patients at risk for long-term important cardiac outcomes and death is needed.

Recent Advances in the BIOX® Technology

2009 ◽  
Vol 71-73 ◽  
pp. 465-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Process Optimisation ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Concentrate Treatment ◽  
Positive Results

The past number of years has seen a sharp rise in the gold price. This has led to renewed activity in the gold sector and especially in refractory ore-bodies that are not economically feasible at lower gold prices. There have, historically, been a total of eleven BIOX® plants commissioned world wide with eight currently in operation. The most recent plants to be commissioned were Bogoso and Jinfeng in 2007 and Kokpatas in Uzbekistan in 2008. Design of the Bogoso BIOX® plant was started by Minproc in 2005. The design throughput of the sulphide BIOX® circuit is 820 tpd concentrate at a feed sulphide sulphur grade of 20 %. The Bogoso BIOX® plant has the largest biooxidation reactors with a live capacity of 1,500 m3 each. Plant design on the Jinfeng project started in 2005 and the engineering was performed jointly by Ausenco and Nerin. The BIOX® plant has a design capacity of 790 tpd concentrate at 9.4 % sulphide sulphur. The Kokpatas plant will be the largest BIOX® plant in the world with a Phase 1 design concentrate treatment capacity of 1,069 tpd at 20 % sulphide sulphur. The throughput will be doubled during Phase 2. Interestingly, unlike other BIOX® Plant, this plant will use a resin-in-pulp circuit for gold recovery, but the design will allow the plant to be converted to Carbon-in-pulp if required. There are currently three BIOX® projects in various stages of design or construction. This includes two expansions to existing BIOX® operations and one new BIOX® project. There are a number of major R&D projects currently under investigation with some very positive results. Most R&D is focussed on the main capital and operating cost items in the process, but there are also projects focussed purely on process optimisation and improvement.

scholarly journals Understanding how to facilitate continence for people with dementia in acute hospital settings: a mixed methods systematic review and thematic synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Edwards ◽  
Jane Harden ◽  
Aled Jones ◽  
Katie Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Thematic Synthesis ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
People With Dementia

Abstract Background People living with dementia (PLWD) are at significant risk of developing urinary and/or faecal incontinence and are also at risk of functional incontinence or being labelled as being incontinent. Despite the growing population of PLWD and importance of continence care, little is known about the appropriate management, organisation, and interactional strategies for PLWD admitted to acute hospitals. This mixed methods systematic review and thematic synthesis sought to identify successful strategies across all care settings that could then be used to inform innovations in continence care for PLWD in the acute hospital setting. Methods In phase 1, a scoping search of two electronic databases (MEDLINE and PsycINFO) and a consultation with stakeholders was undertaken. Findings were presented to the project steering group and two priority areas for phase 2 were identified which were communication and individualised care plans. In phase 2, eight databases and relevant UK government and other organisational websites were searched for English language citations from inception to August 2020. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT Version 11). Thematic synthesis was employed and the strength of synthesised findings for the intervention studies was assessed using the GRADE approach and the confidence in synthesised qualitative and survey findings was assessed using the CERQual approach. Results In phase 1, 1348 citations were found and 75 included. In phase 2, 6247 citations were found, 14 research studies and 14 policy and guidance documents were included. The quality of studies varied. Material was synthesised into three overarching syntheses which were: communication this is dignified, person-centred and respectful; communication during outpatients apointments and delivering individualised continence care. Conclusions Recognising that PLWD are not always able to communicate their continence needs verbally is important. Incorporating interpersonal and communication skills into the context of continence care within training for those working with this patient group is crucial for continence to be maintained during an acute admission. Continence care in the acute setting should be tailored to the individual and be developed in partnership with staff and caregivers. Trial registration PROSPERO: CRD42018119495.

scholarly journals Embedding a user-centred approach in the development of complex behaviour change intervention to improve outcomes for young adults living with type 1 diabetes: The D1 Now Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre M.J. Walsh ◽  
Lisa Hynes ◽  
Mary Clare O'Hara ◽  
Jenny Mc Sharry ◽  
Séan F. Dinneen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Complex Behaviour

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune condition which requires intensive self-management. Diabetes self-management is challenging, especially during young adulthood. Effective interventions to improve outcomes for young adults (18-30 year olds) with T1D are needed. This paper describes the development of the D1 Now intervention, employing a user-centred approach to engage with stakeholders in parallel with the application of theory. Methods: Intervention development consisted of 4 phases: 1) the formation of a public and patient involvement (PPI) Young Adult Panel (YAP); 2) a systematic review to synthesise evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving outcomes for young adults with T1D; 3) understand young adults’ diabetes self-management behaviour through engagement with key stakeholders; and 4) an expert consensus meeting to discuss self-management strategies identified in Phase 1 and 3 that would form the core components of the D1 Now intervention. Results: The YAP resulted in meaningful involvement between young adults, researchers and service providers. The systematic review highlighted a lack of quality intervention studies. Qualitative findings highlighted how young adult self-management is driven by complex interactions between external resources, which influence capability, and motivation. The expert panel in Phase 4 highlighted focus areas to improve outcomes for young adults and implementation strategies. Subsequent to these 4 phases, 3 intervention components have been identified: 1) a key worker to liaise with the young adult; 2) an online portal to facilitate relationship building between staff and young adults; and 3) an agenda setting tool to facilitate joint decision-making. Conclusions: This study described the systematic development of an intervention underpinned by theoretical frameworks and PPI, and has identified components for the D1 Now intervention. The resulting intervention content will now be subject to an intervention optimisation process.

scholarly journals An update on targeted therapies in systemic sclerosis based on a systematic review from the last 3 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Campochiaro ◽  
Yannick Allanore
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Trial Drug

AbstractNew molecular mechanisms that can be targeted with specific drugs have recently emerged for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Over the past 3 years, the achievement of one large phase 3 trial has led to the approval by drug agencies of the first drug licenced for SSc-related interstitial lung disease. Given this exciting time in the SSc field, we aimed to perform a systemic literature review of phase 1, phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials and large observational studies about targeted therapies in SSc. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov for clinical studies from 2016 with targeted therapies as the primary treatment in patients with SSc for skin or lung involvement as the primary clinical outcome measure. Details on the study characteristics, the trial drug used, the molecular target engaged by the trial drug, the inclusion criteria of the study, the treatment dose, the possibility of concomitant immunosuppression, the endpoints of the study, the duration of the study and the results obtained were reviewed. Of the 973 references identified, 21 (4 conference abstracts and 17 articles) were included in the systematic review. A total of 15 phase 1/phase 2 clinical trials, 2 phase 3 clinical trials and 2 observation studies were analysed. The drugs studied in phase 1/phase 2 studies included the following: inebilizumab, dabigatran, C-82, pomalidomide, rilonacept, romilkimab, tocilizumab, tofacitinib, pirfenidone, lenabasum, abatacept, belimumab, riociguat, SAR100842 and lanifibranor. All but 3 studies were performed in early diffuse SSc patients with different inclusion criteria, while 3 studies were performed in SSc patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Phase 3 clinical trials investigated nintedanib and tocilizumab. Nintedanib was investigated in SSc-ILD patients whereas tocilizumab focused on early diffuse SSc patients with inflammatory features. Two observational studies including > 50 patients with rituximab as the targeted drug were also evaluated. All these studies offer a real hope for SSc patients. The future challenges will be to customize patient-specific therapeutics with the goal to develop precision medicine for SSc.

scholarly journals The Satellite Reliable Distribution Protocol (SRDP)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Franco Tommasi ◽  
Simone Molendini ◽  
Andrea Tricco
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Data Broadcasting ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
Reasonable Degree ◽  
Different Types

The Satellite Reliable Distribution Protocol (SRDP) is proposed and discussed. SRDP is designed for satellite-based data broadcasting and aims at transmitting reliably multicast via satellite Internet applications’ data in an efficient and scalable way. SRDP operates in three steps, called phases. In phase 1 the sender transmits a file through the satellite internet adding a reasonable degree of redundancy. In phase 2 the sender retransmits a set of new redundant packets to recover some packets that were lost during phase 1. Phase 3 allows each receiver to request all its missing packets by a TCP connection to the sender. In order to evaluate the performance of the SRDP, we have considered two different types of loss behaviours: random and burst. Our results show how to choose the amount of redundancy in order to optimize the performance of the SRDP.

scholarly journals A brief diagnostic screen for cluster headache: Creation and initial validation of the Erwin Test for Cluster Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 033310242110181
Author(s):  
Randika Parakramaweera ◽  
Randolph W Evans ◽  
Larry I Schor ◽  
Stuart M Pearson ◽  
Rebecca Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Diagnostic Screening

Objective To use 1) newly generated data, 2) existing evidence, and 3) expert opinion to create and validate a new cluster headache screening tool. Methods In phase 1 of the study, we performed a prospective study of an English translation of an Italian screen on 95 participants (45 with cluster headache, 17 with other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, 30 with migraine, and 3 with trigeminal neuralgia). In phase 2, we performed a systematic review in PubMed of all studies until September 2019 with diagnostic screening tools for cluster headache. In phase 3, a 6-person panel of cluster headache patients, research coordinators, and headache specialists analyzed the data from the first two phases to generate a new diagnostic screening tool. Finally, in phase 4 this new screen was validated on participants at a single headache center (all diagnoses) and through research recruitment (trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias only, as recruitment was essential but was otherwise low). Results In total, this study included 319 unique participants including 109 cluster headache participants (95 total participants/45 cluster headache participants in phase 1, and 224 total participants/64 cluster headache participants in phase 4). It also found 123 articles on potential screening tools in our systematic review. In phase 1, analysis of the English translation of an Italian screen generated 7 questions with high sensitivity and specificity against migraine, trigeminal neuralgia, and other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, but had grammatical and other limitations as a general screening tool. In phase 2, the systematic review revealed nine studies that met inclusion criteria as diagnostic screening tools for cluster headache, including four where sensitivity and specificity were available for individual questions or small groups of questions. In phase 3, this data was reviewed by the expert panel to generate a brief (6-item), binary (yes/no), written screening test. In phase 4, a total of 224 participants completed the new 6-item screening test (81 migraine, 64 cluster headache, 21 other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, 35 secondary headaches, 7 neuralgias, 5 probable migraine, and 11 other headache disorders). Answers to the 6 items were combined in a decision tree algorithm and three items had a sensitivity of 84% (confidence interval or 95% confidence interval 73–92%), specificity of 89% (95% confidence interval 84–94%), positive predictive value of 76% (95% confidence interval 64-85%), and negative predictive value of 93% (95% confidence interval 88–97%) for the diagnosis of cluster headache. These three items focused on headache intensity, duration, and autonomic features. Conclusion The 3-item Erwin Test for Cluster Headache is a promising diagnostic screening tool for cluster headache.

scholarly journals Strategies to Inform Innovations in Continence Care for People Living with Dementia in the Acute Hospital Setting: A Mixed Methods Narrative Synthesis Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Edwards ◽  
Jane Harden ◽  
Aled Jones ◽  
Katie Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
English Language ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Acute Hospital Setting

Abstract Background: People living with dementia are at significant risk of developing urinary and/or faecal incontinence but are also at risk of functional incontinence or being labelled as being incontinent. Despite the growing population of PLWD and importance of continence care little is known about the appropriate management, organisation, and interactional, strategies for PLWD admitted to acute hospitals. This mixed methods narrative systematic review sought to identify successful strategies across all care settings that could then be used to inform innovations in continence care for PLWD in the acute hospital setting.Methods: In phase 1 a scoping search of two electronic databases (MEDLINE and PSYCinfo) and a consultation with stakeholders was undertaken. Findings from were presented to the project steering and two priority areas for phase 2 were identified which were communication and individualised care plans. In phase 2 eight databases and relevant UK government and other organisational websites were searched for English language citations from inception to August 2020. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMA Version 11). Thematic synthesis was employed and the strength of synthesised findings for the intervention studies was assessed using the GRADE approach and the and confidence in synthesised qualitative and survey findings was assessed using the CERQual tool. Results: In phase 1, 1348 citations were found and 75 included. In phase 2, 6247 citations were found 14 research studies and 14 policy and guidance documents were included. The quality of studies varied. Material was synthesized in order to identify the facilitators and barriers around developing communication strategies and individualised management plans in response to the continence needs of PLWD.Conclusions: Recognising that PLWD are not always able to communicate their continence needs verbally is important. Incorporating interpersonal and communication skills into the context of continence care within training for those working with this patient group is crucial for continence to be maintained during an acute admission. Continence care in the acute setting should be tailored to the individual and be developed in partnership with staff and caregivers.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018119495

scholarly journals Embedding a user-centred approach in the development of complex behaviour change intervention to improve outcomes for young adults living with type 1 diabetes: The D1 Now Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre M.J. Walsh ◽  
Lisa Hynes ◽  
Mary Clare O'Hara ◽  
Jenny Mc Sharry ◽  
Séan F. Dinneen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Complex Behaviour

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune condition which requires intensive self-management. Diabetes self-management is challenging, especially during young adulthood. Effective interventions to improve outcomes for young adults with T1D are needed. This paper describes the development of the D1 Now intervention, employing a user-centred approach to engage with stakeholders in parallel with the application of theory. Methods: Intervention development consisted of 4 phases: 1) the formation of a public and patient involvement (PPI) Young Adult Panel (YAP); 2) a systematic review to synthesise evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving outcomes for young adults with T1D; 3) understand young adults’ diabetes self-management behaviour through engagement with key stakeholders; and 4) an expert consensus meeting to discuss self-management strategies identified in Phase 1 and 3 that would form the core components of the D1 Now intervention. Results: The YAP resulted in meaningful involvement between young adults, researchers and service providers. The systematic review highlighted a lack of quality intervention studies. Qualitative findings highlighted how young adult self-management is driven by complex interactions between external resources, which influence capability, and motivation. The expert panel in Phase 4 highlighted focus areas to improve outcomes for young adults and implementation strategies. Subsequent to these 4 phases, 3 intervention components have been identified: 1) a key worker to liaise with the young adult; 2) an online portal to facilitate relationship building between staff and young adults; and 3) an agenda setting tool to facilitate joint decision-making. Conclusions: This study described the systematic development of an intervention underpinned by theoretical frameworks and PPI, and has identified components for the D1 Now intervention. The resulting intervention content will now be subject to an intervention optimisation process.

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