Teachers’ Irrational Belief Scale: Psychometric Properties of the Greek Version and Measurement Invariance across Genders

Irrationality refers to human thoughts and beliefs that signify lack of rationality and entail erroneous perceptions about situational, personal, or collective idiosyncrasies, while it is independent of one’s intellectual ability. Irrational beliefs are ubiquitous in all social and cultural groups and attract a special interest in behavioral sciences, where the primary concern is the development of instruments for identifying and measuring them. The present study evaluates the psychometric properties of Greek version of Teachers’ Irrational Belief Scale (TIBS-G), a 25-item self-reported instrument using data collected from 835 participants. The exploratory procedure, implementing scree plot with parallel analysis, demonstrated the dimensionality of four factors, namely: Self-downing (SD), Authoritarianism (A), Demands for Justice (DJ), and Low Frustration Tolerance (LT). The corresponding reliability measures using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were ranged between 0.70 and 0.80. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit of the measurement model [χ2 = 579.98, df = 183, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.960; TLI = 0.956; RMSEA = 0.051]. In addition, measurement invariance was performed, which demonstrated differences between genders. Finally, discussion on the importance of irrational beliefs and the possible implementation of the TIBS instrument in educational research is provided.

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Pengembangan Skala Keyakinan Irasional dalam Penulisan Skripsi

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling ◽

10.17977/um001v4i12019p001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Diniy Hidayatur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Irrational Belief ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Albert Ellis ◽

Frustration Tolerance ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Low Frustration Tolerance ◽

Thesis Writing

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that irrational beliefs contribute significantly to the procrastination, including the thesis-writing procrastination. Unfortunately, there are no scales that specifically can measure the beliefs in the thesis writing context. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a scale called the Skala Keyakinan Irasional dalam Penyusunan Skripsi (SKI-S). The scale was developed based on irrational belief construct proposed by Albert Ellis in the context of thesis writing. To achieve the aim, the study applied a research and development design involving four steps: (1) defining the construct; (2) developing the measurement model; (3) carrying out confirmatory factor analysis; and (4) checking the validity of the measurement model. 200 undergraduate students taking their 9th to 14th semester were involved in the study. 86 items were successfully validated which were classified into demandingness subscale (16 items); catastrophizing subscale (20 items); self-depreciation subscale (17 items); and low frustration tolerance subscales (20 items).Abstrak: Beberapa hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa keyakinan irasional berkontribusi pada terjadinya prokrastinasi, termasuk prokrastinasi dalam penulisan skripsi. Sampai saat ini belum dijumpai alat ukur yang secara khusus mengukur keyakinan irasional dalam konteks dimaksud. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah alat ukur yang diberi nama Skala Keyakinan Irasional dalam Penyusunan Skripsi (SKI-S). Skala ini dikembangkan berdasarkan konstruk keyakinan irasional yang dikemukakan oleh Albert Ellis dengan menambahkan konteks penulisan skripsi ke dalam butir-butir skala. Untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah disebutkan, penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian pengembangan dengan langkah-langkah: (1) mendefinisikan konstruk; (2) mengembangkan model pengukuran; (3) melakukan analisis faktor konfirmatori; dan (4) mengecek validitas model pengukuran. Subjek yang terlibat dalam pengembangan ini adalah 200 mahasiswa yang terlambat lulus (sedang menempuh semester sembilan hingga 14). Hasil menunjukkan 86 butir SKI-S valid dan reliabel, sedangkan 178 butir lainnya tidak memenuhi syarat. Secara rinci, 86 butir tersebut terdiri dari: 16 butir subskala demandingness; 20 butir subskala catastrophizing; 17 butir subskala self-depreciation; dan 20 butir subskala low frustration tolerance.

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Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Irrational Beliefs Inventory for University Students in the United States and Iceland

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294120971773 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 003329412097177

Author(s):

Gudmundur T. Heimisson ◽

Robert F. Dedrick

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

University Students ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Measurement Model ◽

The United States ◽

Correlated Errors ◽

Factor Measurement ◽

Model Misfit ◽

The U.S

We used multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the five-factor measurement model underlying the 50-item Irrational Beliefs Inventory (IBI) in samples of university students in the United States ( n=827) and Iceland ( n=720). Global model fit was marginally acceptable in each sample. Further analyses identified several sources of model misfit that included weak factor loadings, several item pairs with correlated errors, and items with loadings on more than one factor. Cronbach’s alpha reliability estimates for the five factors were similar for the U.S. and Icelandic samples, and comparable to those reported by the developers of the IBI. Measurement invariance testing supported configural (same form) and metric invariance (equal loadings), but identified only 20 items that had invariant item intercepts across the U.S. and Icelandic groups. Given the finding of partial measurement invariance, we offer caution when using the IBI to make group comparisons for U.S. and Icelandic samples. Recommendations are proposed for ongoing psychometric evaluations of the IBI that would identify strengths of the IBI and items that, if revised or deleted, may improve the quality of the measure for research and clinical purposes.

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Measuring Growth Mindset: A Validation of a Three-item Scale and a Single-item Scale in Youth and Adults

10.31234/osf.io/rs43g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Beatrice Rammstedt ◽

David Joachim Grüning ◽

Clemens M. Lechner

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Growth Mindset ◽

Intellectual Ability ◽

Single Item ◽

Two Samples ◽

Adolescents And Adults ◽

Item Scale

A growth mindset is the belief that personal characteristics, specifically intellectual ability, are malleable and can be developed by investing time and effort. In recent decades, numerous studies have investigated the associations between growth mindset and academic achievement, and large intervention programs have been established to train adolescents to develop a stronger growth mindset. However, methodological research on the adequacy of the measures used to assess growth mindset is scarce. In our study, we conducted one of the first comprehensive assessments of the psychometric properties (especially structural and external validity, reliability, and measurement invariance across age groups) of Dweck’s widely used three-item Growth Mindset Scale in two samples: adolescents (age 14–19 years) and adults (age 20–64 years). Furthermore, we identified and validated a single-item measure to assess growth mindset in research settings with severe time constraints. Our results show that both the short (three-item) and ultra-short (single-item) scales have acceptable psychometric properties. However, associations with sociodemographic characteristics, personality characteristics, and achievement outcomes were generally small in the present samples. Further, we empirically demonstrated the comparability (i.e., measurement invariance) of the scales across adolescents and adults. Our findings can serve as a benchmark for future studies on growth mindset.

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Irrational Belief Tests: New Insights, New Directions

Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1891/0889-8391.4.3.303 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 303-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Harold B. Robb ◽

Ricks Warren

Keyword(s):

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Irrational Belief ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Rational Behavior ◽

Dysfunctional Attitude ◽

New Directions ◽

Dysfunctional Attitude Scale ◽

Belief Scale

Critical appraisals of the RET model have been accompanied by closer scrutiny of measures designed to assess irrational beliefs. Problems with content and discriminant validity (Smith, 1982), and inclusion of items which describe feelings or behaviors rather than beliefs (Ramanaiah, Heerboth, & Schill, 1987) compromise previous research testing the RET model. The present study further examines six measures of irrational beliefs: The Idea Inventory, Irrational Beliefs Test, Rational Behavior Inventory, Belief Scale, the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale, and the Attitudes and Belief Scale-II. Our findings support and extend previous criticisms of irrational belief inventories and suggest recommendations for improvement.

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Psychometric Properties of the Belief Scale

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.133 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 133-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paul A. Boelen ◽

Louisette P.Y. Baars

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy ◽

Self Report ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Belief Scale ◽

Adequate Internal Consistency ◽

Report Measure

Abstract. This study examined psychometric properties of the Belief Scale - a 20-item self-report measure of irrational beliefs as conceptualized in rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT). Data were available from 293 inpatients. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the items of the Belief Scale formed eight distinct irrational belief components which were related to one higher order factor. The Belief Scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency and concurrent validity. In support of the discriminant validity, items of the Belief Scale and indices of psychopathology clustered into two distinct factors in exploratory factor analysis. In support of the construct validity, scores on the Belief Scale decreased more in patients who underwent training in REBT during their inpatient treatment than in those who did not.

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Interest in Sports and Belief in Sports Superstitions

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.94.3.1043-1047 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 1043-1047 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Duane G. McClearn

Keyword(s):

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Irrational Belief ◽

High Interest ◽

Paranormal Belief ◽

Belief Scale ◽

Southern University

51 nonathletes, students (45 women) at a medium-sized southern university, were administered a survey containing three scales: an Interest in Sports Scale, a Belief in Sports Superstitions Scale, and Tobacyk and Milford's Paranormal Belief Scale (1983). Scores on the Interest in Sports Scale were significantly correlated with scores on the Belief in Sports Superstitions Scale, which measured adherence specifically to sports superstitions, but not with scores on the Paranormal Belief Scale, which measured a wide variety of irrational beliefs. Thus, participants with high interest in sports showed a tendency to subscribe to the type of irrational belief associated specifically with sports. Scores on the Belief in Sports Superstitions Scale were positively correlated with scores on the Paranormal Belief Scale.

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Psychometric Properties, Factor Structure, and Evidence for Measurement Invariance in the Greek Version of the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R)

Diseases ◽

10.3390/diseases7020033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Theodoros Chalimourdas ◽

Silia Vitoratou ◽

Efstathia Matsouka ◽

Dimitra Owens ◽

Leto Kalogeraki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽

Greek Version ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

The Individual ◽

Three Factor

The Disgust Scale has been designed to measure disgust propensity—the individual ease in experiencing disgust. The present study aimed to explore the validity, reliability, the factor structure, and the measurement invariance of the Greek version of the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R). A sample of 754 healthy participants completed the Greek version of the DS-R. A subset (n = 363) also completed the revised Symptom checked list and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, in order to examine the concurrent validity. Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analyses in different subsets were used to examine the factor structure. Multiple indicators–multiple causes model (MIMIC) models were used to assess the measurement invariance across gender and age. Demographic influences were assessed using t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlations. Exploratory factor analysis concluded to two and three factor models, with a factor structure similar to the ones proposed in the literature. Confirmatory factor analysis and bi-factor analysis provided evidence in favor of the three-factor solution. Measurement invariance test revealed differences in six items across gender, and three items across age. The psychometric properties of the factors were satisfactory. Demographic influences on the responses were present, especially with respect to gender. The Greek version of the DS-R demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties, making it suitable for use for the Greek population.

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