scholarly journals Measuring Growth Mindset: A Validation of a Three-item Scale and a Single-item Scale in Youth and Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Rammstedt ◽  
David Joachim Grüning ◽  
Clemens M. Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Item Scale

A growth mindset is the belief that personal characteristics, specifically intellectual ability, are malleable and can be developed by investing time and effort. In recent decades, numerous studies have investigated the associations between growth mindset and academic achievement, and large intervention programs have been established to train adolescents to develop a stronger growth mindset. However, methodological research on the adequacy of the measures used to assess growth mindset is scarce. In our study, we conducted one of the first comprehensive assessments of the psychometric properties (especially structural and external validity, reliability, and measurement invariance across age groups) of Dweck’s widely used three-item Growth Mindset Scale in two samples: adolescents (age 14–19 years) and adults (age 20–64 years). Furthermore, we identified and validated a single-item measure to assess growth mindset in research settings with severe time constraints. Our results show that both the short (three-item) and ultra-short (single-item) scales have acceptable psychometric properties. However, associations with sociodemographic characteristics, personality characteristics, and achievement outcomes were generally small in the present samples. Further, we empirically demonstrated the comparability (i.e., measurement invariance) of the scales across adolescents and adults. Our findings can serve as a benchmark for future studies on growth mindset.

scholarly journals Can We Apply WHOQOL-AGE to Asian Population? Verifying Its Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties in a Convenience Sample From Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Ying Lin ◽  
Jung-Der Wang ◽  
Li-Fan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Objectives: To translate and validate a recently developed quality of life instrument (WHOQOL-AGE) on geriatric population into Chinese.Method: Using cross-sectional observational design, the WHOQOL-AGE was conducted among older people through interview. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure and multigroup CFA used to examine the measurement invariance.Results: Through convenience sampling, 522 older adults (mean age = 73.42) participated in the study. Among them, 194 were males, 213 had an educational level at primary school or below, 398 were residing in the community, and 307 were aged 70 years or above. A bifactor structure (items Q1–Q8 are embedded in the factor 1; items Q9–Q13 embedded in the factor 2; and all the items embedded in an additional construct of QoL) was confirmed by the CFA in both the entire sample (χ2 = 25.4; df = 51; p = 0.999) and the subgroup sample with age 70 years or above (χ2 = 25.28; df = 51; p = 1.000). Multigroup CFAs results supported the measurement invariance for the WHOQOL-AGE across genders, having different educational levels, living in different settings and age groups. It also shows good known-groups validity.Conclusions: The promising psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-AGE were found in our convenience sample of older Taiwanese. The supported measurement invariance indicates that the older people in different conditions of gender, educational level, and living setting interpret the WHOQOL-AGE similarly. However, our results should be interpreted with cautious because of the sample representativeness.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of a single-item scale to assess sleep quality among individuals with fibromyalgia

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C Cappelleri ◽  
Andrew G Bushmakin ◽  
Anne M McDermott ◽  
Alesia B Sadosky ◽  
Charles D Petrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Item Scale

scholarly journals The Score Reliability Of Draw-A-Person Intellectual Ability Test (DAP: IQ) For Rural Malawi Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Denis S. Khasu ◽  
Thomas O. Williams Jr
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Score Reliability ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
And Gender

In this brief article, the reliability of scores for the Draw-A-Person Intellectual Ability Test for Children, Adolescents, and Adults (DAP: IQ; Reynolds & Hickman, 2004) was examined through several analyses with a sample of 147 children from rural Malawi, Africa using a Chichewa translation of instructions. Cronbach alpha coefficients for the 23 test items were calculated for the total sample, the six age groups represented in the sample, and gender. The interscorer reliability of test scores was also calculated.  The obtained alpha coefficients for the 23 items for total sample (.81), the six age groups represented (.68 - .92), and gender (male .79, female .83) were comparable to those listed in the examiner’s manual.  The coefficient for interscorer reliability was .85. 

scholarly journals Teachers’ Irrational Belief Scale: Psychometric Properties of the Greek Version and Measurement Invariance across Genders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Angelos Gkontelos ◽  
Julie Vaiopoulou ◽  
Dimitrios Stamovlasis
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
Belief Scale

Irrationality refers to human thoughts and beliefs that signify lack of rationality and entail erroneous perceptions about situational, personal, or collective idiosyncrasies, while it is independent of one’s intellectual ability. Irrational beliefs are ubiquitous in all social and cultural groups and attract a special interest in behavioral sciences, where the primary concern is the development of instruments for identifying and measuring them. The present study evaluates the psychometric properties of Greek version of Teachers’ Irrational Belief Scale (TIBS-G), a 25-item self-reported instrument using data collected from 835 participants. The exploratory procedure, implementing scree plot with parallel analysis, demonstrated the dimensionality of four factors, namely: Self-downing (SD), Authoritarianism (A), Demands for Justice (DJ), and Low Frustration Tolerance (LT). The corresponding reliability measures using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were ranged between 0.70 and 0.80. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit of the measurement model [χ2 = 579.98, df = 183, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.960; TLI = 0.956; RMSEA = 0.051]. In addition, measurement invariance was performed, which demonstrated differences between genders. Finally, discussion on the importance of irrational beliefs and the possible implementation of the TIBS instrument in educational research is provided.

scholarly journals The “About Me” Questionnaire: Factorial Structure and Measurement Invariance

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pam Maras ◽  
Trevor Thompson ◽  
Nicole Gridley ◽  
Amy Moon
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Self Worth

The “About Me” Questionnaire (AMQ) has been used to measure components of social identity, academic self-concept and self-worth in children and adolescents in the United Kingdom and abroad. Studies have reported simple reliability statistics but a comprehensive assessment of the scale’s psychometric properties has not been conducted. Confirmatory factor analysis, using a sample of 5,082 children aged 6 to 18 years from combined datasets of five cross-sectional research studies, was used to establish the psychometric soundness of the 29-item AMQ. Analysis revealed generally adequate reliability with the seven-factor structure confirmed in a replication sample. Results provide evidence of adequate psychometric properties, optimized with the omission of reverse-coded item and selected items, suggesting it is suitable for assessing social identity and academic self-concept of children and adolescents in applied settings. Tests for measurement invariance showed that the assessment of parallel constructs was strongly supported across males and females and partially supported across primary and secondary school–age groups.

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Principal Axis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
The One ◽  
Armed Services ◽  
Principal Axis Factor

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns (SLODR) with regard to age was tested in two different databases from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The first database consisted of 6,980 boys and girls aged 12–16 from the 1997 cohort ( NLSY 1997 ). The subjects were tested with a computer-administered adaptive format (CAT) of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) consisting of 12 subtests. The second database consisted of 11,448 male and female subjects aged 15–24 from the 1979 cohort ( NLSY 1979 ). These subjects were tested with the older 10-subtest version of the ASVAB. The hypothesis was tested by dividing the sample into Young and Old age groups while keeping IQ fairly constant by a method similar to the one developed and employed by Deary et al. (1996) . The different age groups were subsequently factor-analyzed separately. The eigenvalue of the first principal component (PC1) and the first principal axis factor (PAF1), and the average intercorrelation of the subtests were used as estimates of the g saturation and compared across groups. There were no significant differences in the g saturation across age groups for any of the two samples, thereby pointing to no support for this aspect of Spearman's “Law of Diminishing Returns.”

Using the Rating Scale Model to Examine the Psychometric Properties of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Driver Competence

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sundström
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Measurement Precision ◽  
The Self ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Two Samples

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a self-report scale for assessing perceived driver competence, labeled the Self-Efficacy Scale for Driver Competence (SSDC), using item response theory analyses. Two samples of Swedish driving-license examinees (n = 795; n = 714) completed two versions of the SSDC that were parallel in content. Prior work, using classical test theory analyses, has provided support for the validity and reliability of scores from the SSDC. This study investigated the measurement precision, item hierarchy, and differential functioning for males and females of the items in the SSDC as well as how the rating scale functions. The results confirmed the previous findings; that the SSDC demonstrates sound psychometric properties. In addition, the findings showed that measurement precision could be increased by adding items that tap higher self-efficacy levels. Moreover, the rating scale can be improved by reducing the number of categories or by providing each category with a label.

Measurement Invariance of Divergent Thinking Across Gender, Age, and School Forms

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg-Tobias Kuhn ◽  
Heinz Holling
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The present study explores the factorial structure and the degree of measurement invariance of 12 divergent thinking tests. In a large sample of German students (N = 1328), a three-factor model representing verbal, figural, and numerical divergent thinking was supported. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses revealed that partial strong measurement invariance was tenable across gender and age groups as well as school forms. Latent mean comparisons resulted in significantly higher divergent thinking skills for females and students in schools with higher mean IQ. Older students exhibited higher latent means on the verbal and figural factor, but not on the numerical factor. These results suggest that a domain-specific model of divergent thinking may be assumed, although further research is needed to elucidate the sources that negatively affect measurement invariance.

scholarly journals Brazilian Portuguese version of the Amsterdam infant stool scale: a valid and reliable scale for evaluation of stool from children up to 120 days old

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cantisano de Deus Silva ◽  
Priscila Monaro Bianchini ◽  
Erika Veruska Paiva Ortolan ◽  
Juliana Fattori Hamamoto ◽  
Rosemary Fermiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Examiner Agreement

Abstract Background For newborns and infants wearing diapers the difficulties in characterizing the appearance of the stool are significant, since the changes in consistency, quantity, and color of the stool are higher than in other age groups. The Amsterdam Infant Stool Scale (AISS) was created and validated in 2009, providing a specific tool for the evaluation of the stool of children up to 120 days old. However, to be used in clinical practice and scientific investigations in Brazil, it is mandatory to perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process for Brazilian Portuguese language. Thus, we aim to perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of AISS into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the translated version. Methods The process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to the internationally accepted methodology, including: translation, summary of translations, backtranslation, preparation of the pre-final version, application of the pre-test and determination of the final version. The evaluation of the psychometric properties was performed through the application of Brazilian Portuguese AISS, by five examiners (including child health field specialists and a literate adult lay on the subject), analyzing 238 stool photographs of children under 120 days old. The intra and inter-examiner agreement values were determined using kappa statistic. The validity of the criterion was investigated through correlation analysis (Kendall’s coefficient) between the classifications determined by the non-specialist examiner and the expert examiners. Results In all 30 tests performed between different examiners, there was an agreement considered as at least moderate (kappa values above 0.40). The intra-examiner reliability was considered as substantial (kappa> 0.6). There was a statistically significant correlation (p <  0.05) between the classifications determined by the examiners considered as specialists and the examiner considered as non-specialist. Conclusion The Brazilian Portuguese AISS version proved to be valid and reliable to be used by healthcare professionals and the general public in the evaluation of stool from children up to 120 days old.

scholarly journals The Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux (GIGER) Scale for Infants and Toddlers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110331
Author(s):  
Britt F. Pados ◽  
Christine Repsha ◽  
Rebecca R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Item Scale ◽  
Report Measure

The purpose of this study was to describe the development of the Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux (GIGER) Scale for Infants and Toddlers, and determine its factor structure and psychometric properties. Items were developed to comprehensively assess gastrointestinal (GI) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms observable by a parent. Exploratory factor analysis on 391 responses from parents of children under 2 years old resulted in a 36-item scale with 3 subscales. Internal consistency reliability was acceptable (α = .78-.94). The GIGER total score and all 3 subscales were correlated with the Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire-Revised (I-GERQ-R) ( P < .05) and Infant Gastrointestinal Symptoms Questionnaire (IGSQ) ( P < .05). GIGER total score was higher in infants with a diagnosis of GER ( P < .05) or constipation ( P < .05) compared to those without. The GIGER is a parent-report measure of GI and GER symptoms in children under 2 years old with adequate psychometric properties.

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