scholarly journals Tumor Microenvironment of Esophageal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4678
Author(s):  
Lars M. Schiffmann ◽  
Patrick S. Plum ◽  
Hans F. Fuchs ◽  
Benjamin Babic ◽  
Christiane J. Bruns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Radio Chemotherapy

Esophageal cancer is among the top ten most deadly cancers worldwide with adenocarcinomas of the esophagus showing increasing incidences over the last years. The prognosis is determined by tumor stage at diagnosis and in locally advanced stages by response to (radio-)chemotherapy followed by radical surgery. Less than a third of patients with esophageal adenocarcinomas completely respond to neoadjuvant therapies which urgently asks for further strategies to improve these rates. Aiming at the tumor microenvironment with novel targeted therapies can be one strategy to achieve this goal. This review connects experimental, translational, and clinical findings on each component of the esophageal cancer tumor microenvironment involving tumor angiogenesis, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, such as macrophages, T-cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. The review evaluates the current state of already approved concepts and depicts novel potentially targetable pathways related to esophageal cancer tumor microenvironment.

CONKO-101: Results of a multicenter phase II study of an outpatient regimen consisting out of gemcitabine, 5-FU (24h CI), folinic acid and cisplatin for patients with inoperable esophageal cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4066-4066
Author(s):  
J. M. Stieler ◽  
A. Hilbig ◽  
U. Pelzer ◽  
L. Roll ◽  
B. Dörken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Phase Ii Studies ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Grade Iii

4066 Background: Standard therapy for inoperable esophageal cancer is a combination of cisplatin and 5-FU combined with radiation for locally advanced stages. As gemcitabine shows synergy with cisplatin and 5-FU, we evaluated the combination of cisplatin 30 mg/m2 (90 min), Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 (30 min), FS 200 mg/m2 (30 min) and 5-FU 750 mg/m2 24h CI) d1,8 q d22 for patients with inoperable esophageal cancer. For locally advanced stages, patients received sequential radiochemotherapy with 5-FU CI. Methods: 89 (75 m/14 w) pts. were included into this multicentrical phase 2 study. 58 had SCC, 30 AC, 1 pt. had undifferentiated carcinoma. Median age was 61 (22–86), Median KI 90 (60–100). 2 pts. had stage IIa, 4 stage IIb, 30 stage III, 16 stage IVa and 37 stage IVb. Results: 71 pts. are so far evaluable for response and 84 for toxicity. 2 pts. (2.8%) had CR (1 pathologically confirmed), 27 pts. had PR (38.1%), 33 pts. had SD (46.5%) and 9 pts. had PD (12.6%) as best response. MS was 10.7 months (13.1 for stage II/III and 9.1 for stage IV). Median TTP was 6 months, and PFS was 6 months. Observed toxicity was low and predominantly hematologic with Leukopenia Grade III/IV in 10% of cycles, Hb Grade III/IV in 5.3% of cycles and Thrombopenia Grade III/IV in 2.4% of cycles. Conclusion: This regimen is well tolerable and can easily be applied on an outpatient base. The remission rates and survival data are within the range previously reported in other phase II studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Road Map to Esophagectomy for Nurses

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Logue ◽  
Scott Griffin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Advanced Stages

Esophageal cancer, although considered uncommon in the United States, continues to exhibit increased incidence. Esophageal cancer now ranks seventh among cancers in mortality for men in the United States. Even as treatment continues to advance, the mortality rate remains high, with a 5-year survival rate less than 35%. Esophageal cancer typically is discovered in advanced stages, which reduces the treatment options. When disease is locally advanced, esophagectomy remains the standard for treatment. Surgery remains challenging and complicated. Multiple surgical approaches are available, with the choice determined by tumor location and stage of disease. Recovery is often fraught with complications—both physical and emotional. Nursing care revolves around complex care managing multiple body systems and providing effective education and emotional support for both patients and patients’ families. Even after recovery, local recurrence and distant metastases are common. Early diagnosis, surgical advancement, and improvements in postoperative care continue to improve outcomes.

scholarly journals Clinical Application of Novel Therapies for Coronary Angiogenesis: Overview, Challenges, and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3722
Author(s):  
Mohamed Sabra ◽  
Catherine Karbasiafshar ◽  
Ahmed Aboulgheit ◽  
Sidharth Raj ◽  
M. Ruhul Abid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Therapeutic Angiogenesis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Coronary Angiogenesis

Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of death worldwide, with ischemic heart disease as the most significant contributor. Pharmacological and surgical interventions have improved clinical outcomes, but are unable to ameliorate advanced stages of end-heart failure. Successful preclinical studies of new therapeutic modalities aimed at revascularization have shown short lasting to no effects in the clinical practice. This lack of success may be attributed to current challenges in patient selection, endpoint measurements, comorbidities, and delivery systems. Although challenges remain, the field of therapeutic angiogenesis is evolving, as novel strategies and bioengineering approaches emerge to optimize delivery and efficacy. Here, we describe the structure, vascularization, and regulation of the vascular system with particular attention to the endothelium. We proceed to discuss preclinical and clinical findings and present challenges and future prospects in the field.

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