scholarly journals pH Mapping of Skeletal Muscle by Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) Imaging

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2610
Author(s):  
Yu-Wen Chen ◽  
Hong-Qing Liu ◽  
Qi-Xuan Wu ◽  
Yu-Han Huang ◽  
Yu-Ying Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Saturation Transfer ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Cest Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used in clinical and basic biomedical research. However, MRI detection of pH changes still poses a technical challenge. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is a possible solution to this problem. Using saturation transfer, alterations in the exchange rates between the solute and water protons because of small pH changes can be detected with greater sensitivity. In this study, we examined a fatigued skeletal muscle model in electrically stimulated mice. The measured CEST signal ratio was between 1.96 ppm and 2.6 ppm in the z-spectrum, and this was associated with pH values based on the ratio between the creatine (Cr) and the phosphocreatine (PCr). The CEST results demonstrated a significant contrast change at the electrical stimulation site. Moreover, the pH value was observed to decrease from 7.23 to 7.15 within 20 h after electrical stimulation. This pH decrease was verified by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and behavioral tests, which showed a consistent variation over time.

scholarly journals Lactate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (LATEST) Imaging in vivo: A Biomarker for LDH Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine DeBrosse ◽  
Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga ◽  
Puneet Bagga ◽  
Kavindra Nath ◽  
Mohammad Haris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Saturation Transfer ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Non-invasive imaging of lactate is of enormous significance in cancer and metabolic disorders where glycolysis dominates. Here, for the first time, we describe a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method (LATEST), based on the exchange between lactate hydroxyl proton and bulk water protons to image lactate with high spatial resolution. We demonstrate the feasibility of imaging lactate with LATEST in lactate phantoms under physiological conditions, in a mouse model of lymphoma tumors and in skeletal muscle of healthy human subjects pre- and post-exercise. The method is validated by measuring LATEST changes in lymphoma tumors pre- and post-infusion of pyruvate and correlating them with lactate determined from multiple quantum filtered proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SEL-MQC 1H-MRS). Similarly, dynamic LATEST changes in exercising human skeletal muscle are correlated with lactate determined from SEL-MQC 1H-MRS. The LATEST method does not involve injection of radioactive isotopes or labeled metabolites. It has over two orders of magnitude higher sensitivity compared to conventional 1H-MRS. It is anticipated that this technique will have a wide range of applications including diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic response of cancer, diabetes, cardiac and musculoskeletal diseases. The advantages of LATEST over existing methods and its potential challenges are discussed.

scholarly journals Rapid and quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging with magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF)

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 2449-2463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouri Cohen ◽  
Shuning Huang ◽  
Michael T. McMahon ◽  
Matthew S. Rosen ◽  
Christian T. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Saturation Transfer ◽  
Cest Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Chemical

scholarly journals Novel nanomedicine with a chemical-exchange saturation transfer effect for breast cancer treatment in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlong Jia ◽  
Chaochao Wang ◽  
Jiehua Zheng ◽  
Guisen Lin ◽  
Dalong Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Saturation Transfer ◽  
Cest Imaging

Abstract Background Nanomedicine is a promising new approach to cancer treatment that avoids the disadvantages of traditional chemotherapy and improves therapeutic indices. However, the lack of a real-time visualization imaging technology to monitor drug distribution greatly limits its clinical application. Image-tracked drug delivery is of great clinical interest; it is useful for identifying those patients for whom the therapy is more likely to be beneficial. This paper discusses a novel nanomedicine that displays features of nanoparticles and facilitates functional magnetic resonance imaging but is challenging to prepare. Results To achieve this goal, we synthesized an acylamino-containing amphiphilic block copolymer (polyethylene glycol-polyacrylamide-polyacetonitrile, PEG-b-P(AM-co-AN)) by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The PEG-b-P(AM-co-AN) has chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) effects, which enable the use of CEST imaging for monitoring nanocarrier accumulation and providing molecular information of pathological tissues. Based on PEG-b-P(AM-co-AN), a new nanomedicine PEG-PAM-PAN@DOX was constructed by nano-precipitation. The self-assembling nature of PEG-PAM-PAN@DOX made the synthesis effective, straightforward, and biocompatible. In vitro studies demonstrate decreased cytotoxicity of PEG-PAM-PAN@DOX compared to free doxorubicin (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), mean ~ 0.62 μg/mL vs. ~ 5 μg/mL), and the nanomedicine more efficiently entered the cytoplasm and nucleus of cancer cells to kill them. Further, in vivo animal experiments showed that the nanomedicine developed was not only effective against breast cancer, but also displayed an excellent sensitive CEST effect for monitoring drug accumulation (at about 0.5 ppm) in tumor areas. The CEST signal of post-injection 2 h was significantly higher than that of pre-injection (2.17 ± 0.88% vs. 0. 09 ± 0.75%, p < 0.01). Conclusions The nanomedicine with CEST imaging reflects the characterization of tumors and therapeutic functions has great potential medical applications.

Glymphatic System Visualized by Chemical-Exchange-Saturation-Transfer Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 1978-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfeng Chen ◽  
Zhuozhi Dai ◽  
Ruhang Fan ◽  
David John Mikulis ◽  
Jinming Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Saturation Transfer ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Glymphatic System
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