scholarly journals Effects of Social Media and Smartphone Use on Body Esteem in Female Adolescents: Testing a Cognitive and Affective Model

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Hwajin Yang ◽  
Joy Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Germaine Y. Q. Tng ◽  
Sujin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Appearance Anxiety ◽  
Image Appearance ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Negative Impacts

We examined the predictive relations of social media and smartphone use to body esteem in female adolescents and the mechanism that underlies these relations. As a result of frequent social media and smartphone use, adolescents are continually exposed to appearance-related media content. This likely reinforces a thin ideal and fosters appearance-based comparison and increases fear of external evaluation. Hence, we investigated a cognitive-affective framework in which the associations of social media and smartphone use with body esteem are serially mediated by cognitive internalization of an ideal body image, appearance comparisons, and social appearance anxiety. By testing female adolescents (N = 100) aged 13 to 18, we found that excessive social media use leads to unhealthy body esteem via intensified cognitive internalization, which aggravates appearance comparisons and anxiety regarding negative appearance evaluation. Further, we found that screen time for specific smartphone activities also harmed body esteem, independent of social media use. However, overall smartphone screen time did not affect body esteem when social media use was taken into consideration. Our findings underscore the multifactor mechanism that elucidates the negative impacts of social media and smartphone activities on body esteem in female adolescents, who are developmentally susceptible to poor body esteem.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a parental social media mediation scale across child and parent samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Ho ◽  
May O. Lwin ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Minyi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Parental Mediation ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Initial Scale ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Development And Validation

Purpose Social media use carries both opportunities and risks for children and adolescents. In order to reduce the negative impacts of social media on youth, the authors focus our efforts on parental mediation of social media. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to enhance the conceptualization and operationalization of parental mediation of social media. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors conducted focus groups with both children and parents in Singapore to categorize parental mediation strategies for social media and develop an initial scale of these strategies. Then, a survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample of 1,424 child participants and 1,206 parent participants in Singapore to develop and test the scale. Findings The focus group results identified four conceptually distinct parental mediation strategies for social media, labeled as active mediation, restrictive mediation, authoritarian surveillance, and non-intrusive inspection, and were used to develop an initial scale of these strategies. Based on the data from survey questionnaires, the authors investigated both inter-item and item-total correlations and performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which developed and validated the scale of parental mediation of social media. Originality/value First, this research explained what parents do to manage children’s social media use and identified four conceptually distinct parental mediation strategies of social media, making a significant contribution to the parental mediation theory. Additionally, the research developed the first theory-derived, successively validated and reliable scale in parental mediation of social media.

scholarly journals Eyestrain and associated problems among undergraduate medical students undergoing e-learning/teaching methods during Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
C V Anthrayose ◽  
Aqueen Joju ◽  
Rakendu Puthiyedath ◽  
Niya Babu ◽  
Ann Reshma Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
E Learning

Increase in usage of digital devices and mandatory e-learning imposed during the Covid 19 pandemic curfew may have given rise to an emerging public health threat of digital eyestrain among undergraduate medical students in the state. The study aimed to assess the distribution of digital eyestrain among undergraduate medical students and to determine the association between digital eyestrain and screen time spent on different digital devices for e-learning and social media use.A cross sectional, questionnaire based online study was done on undergraduate medical students of a teaching hospital in Central Kerala during the month of October, 2020. Survey form included CVS-Q questionnaire, OSDI questionnaire and questions regarding screen time spent on different digital devices for e-learning and social media use.Around three -fourth of the 113 participants experienced at least one symptom of digital eyestrain. Headache (76.1%) was the most common symptom followed by neck/shoulder/back pain (67.3%), tearing(49.6%), itching(48.7%), eye pain (41.6%) and increased sensitivity to light (38.1%).OSDI score revealed that 67.7% of the students had dry eye disease. Screen time of more than 6 hours spent on mobile/tablet was significantly associated with feeling of foreign body sensation, excessive blinking and itching. Lens /spectacle use was significantly associated with a feeling that eyesight is worsening and difficulty focusing for near vision. No association was seen between screen time spent for e- learning and digital eyestrain. Steps towards awareness and prevention of digital eyestrain should be taken to promote ocular health and to avoid this occupational hazard.

scholarly journals PERANAN FEAR OF MISSING OUT TERHADAP PROBLEMATIC SOCIAL MEDIA USE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Keyda Sara Risdyanti ◽  
Andi Tenri Faradiba ◽  
Aisyah Syihab
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Fear Of Missing Out ◽  
Problematic Social Media Use ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 254 remaja dalam rentang usia 12-22 tahun, dengan metode pengambilan Media sosial menjadi alat komunikasi sehari-hari bagi remaja masa kini. Kemudahan mengakses media sosial membentuk remaja memiliki keterikatan dengan akun media sosialnya. Perilaku ini memunculkan adanya dampak negatif bagi remaja, baik itu bagi dirinya sendiri maupun diluar dirinya, seperti merusak hubungan sosial dengan orang lain maupun mengganggu pendidikan remaja secara tidak langsung. Hanya saja, pemicu penggunaan media sosial yang tidak sehat ini, diakibatkan karena adanya kekhawatiran memiliki hubungan yang terputus dengan orang-orang disekitarnya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar peranan yang dimiliki oleh fear of missing out (FOMO) terhadap problematic social media use (PSMU). sampel berbasis internet melalui volunteer (opt in) panel. Fear of Missing Out scale sebagai alat pengukuran untuk FOMO, sedangkan Social Media Use Questionnaire digunakan untuk mengukur PSMU. Hasil penelitian memiliki signifikansi secara positif (0,00>0,05), yang artinya semakin tinggi seseorang dalam memiliki perasaan takut, cemas, gelisah maupun khawatir bila tidak ikut terlibat dalam kegiatan sosial bersama orang disekitarnya, ia akan cenderung semakin memiliki keterikatan dengan media sosialnya hingga menimbulkan konsekuensi negatif bagi dirinya. Hasil juga menunjukan adanya sejumlah peranan yang diberikan oleh fear of missing out kepada problematic social media use sebesar 35,8%, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Social media has become the regular communication tool for today's youth. Ease of access media forms attachment of adolescents to their social media accounts. This behavior gives rise to negative impacts for adolescents, both for themselves and their surroundings, such as damaging social relationships with others and indirectly disrupting their education. Unhealthy use of social media is caused by fears of ruining relationships with people around them. Therefore, this study aims to see the extent to which the role of the fear of missing out (FOMO) affects problematic social media use (PSMU). The sample in this study amounted to 254 adolescents between 12-22 years age range, with internet-based sampling methods through volunteer (opt in) panels. The Fear of Missing Out scale is a measurement tool for FOMO, while the Social Media Use Questionnaire was used to measure PSMU. The result of the study indicated positive significance (0.00> 0.05), which means that the more a person is having feelings of fear, anxiety, or worry when not involved in social activities with people around them, they tend to have more attachment to the media social which in turn, causes negative consequences for them. The result also showed a number of influence by the fear of missing out to the problematic social media use as much as 35.8%, while the rest were influenced by other factors. 

scholarly journals Adolescent Social Media User Types and their Mental Health and Well-being: results from a longitudinal survey of 13–14-year-olds in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizzy Winstone ◽  
Becky Mars ◽  
CMA Haworth ◽  
Jon Heron ◽  
Judi Kidger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Health And Well Being

Background There is mixed evidence as to the effects of different types of social media use on mental health, but previous research has been platform-specific and has focused on an oversimplified distinction between active and passive use. This study aimed to identify different underlying subgroups of adolescent social media user based on their pattern of social media activities and test associations between user type and future mental health. Methods Students from nineteen schools (N=2,456) in south-west England completed an online survey measuring thirteen social media activities and four psychosocial outcomes (past year self-harm, depression, anxiety and poor well-being) at age 13 years (October 2019) and repeated a year later (October 2020; aged 14 years). Latent class analysis using Mplus identified distinct classes of social media user. A bias-adjusted three-step model was used to test associations between class membership at baseline and mental health at follow-up. Analyses were adjusted for gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, disability, social media screen-time and baseline mental health.Results A four-class model of social media user at baseline was selected based on fit statistics and interpretability. User types were labelled High Communicators; Moderate Communicators; Broadcasters; and Minimal users. Broadcasters at age 13 had the poorest mental health outcomes at age 14, with mental health and well-being generally better in the two Communicator groups. Conclusions Findings suggest that adolescents with high levels of content sharing – in addition to socialising and browsing online – are most likely to be experiencing poor mental health a year later. Recommendations regarding social media use should move beyond screen-time to consider different user types, and mental health implications of their engagement with different online activities.

scholarly journals The Overlap Between Problematic Smartphone Use and Problematic Social Media Use: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Marino ◽  
Natale Canale ◽  
Fiordalisa Melodia ◽  
Marcantonio M. Spada ◽  
Alessio Vieno
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Problematic Social Media Use

Abstract Purpose of Review Over the last decade, problematic smartphone use (PSU) and problematic social media use (PSMU) have emerged as new potential problematic behaviours. Several studies have suggested that smartphones are predominantly used for social purposes (i.e., using messaging apps and social networking sites). The aim of the current article is to provide a systematic review of the extant literature that has explicitly analysed the association between PSU and PSMU in order to examine study characteristics in terms of samples analysed and effect sizes of the associations reported. This systematic review is based on the ongoing debate about whether the smartphone can be considered as the medium of one or more problematic activities, including PSMU. Recent Findings Existing evidence suggests that the effect sizes of the associations between PSU and PSMU are medium to large and large across the 13 studies included, with the largest correlations observed between PSU and problematic WhatsApp use or general PSMU. Overall, reviewed results suggest a partial overlap between the two problematic behaviours. Summary PSU and PSMU are overlapped mostly because the smartphone is a common medium to use social media, especially concerning instant messaging apps like WhatsApp. Moreover, PSU should be preferentially studied with a focus on specific types of apps used rather than a more holistic phenomenon.

scholarly journals How Does Family Intimacy Predict Self-Esteem in Adolescents? Moderation of Social Media Use Based on Gender Difference

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110054
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Shao ◽  
Xiaoli Ni
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Simple Slope ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Study Hypothesis

The current study explored the multiple effects of social media use and its moderation mechanism between intimate family environment and self-esteem in adolescents. In all, 1,040 males and 1,201 females below age 25 have participated in this study. Hypothesis and research questions were proposed and examined by statistical analysis, consisting of statistical description, Pearson’s correlation analysis, independent-samples t test, multiple linear regression, simple-slope analysis, and moderation plot. Supportive social media use was identified as a moderator among all participants. Gender differences were found to exist in this moderation mechanism. Male adolescents tended to use social media as a habit, while female adolescents preferred to use social media for seeking support. The habitual social media use moderated the association between intimate family environment and self-esteem in male adolescents; the supportive social media use moderated the same procedure in female adolescents; however, both moderations were only found to be significant in the group of high habitual or supportive social media use, respectively.

Addicting Content, Blue Light, and Curtailed Sleep

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-240
Author(s):  
Joanna C. Yau ◽  
Branda T. Sun ◽  
Jason D. Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Negative Impacts

Sleep is essential for physical and mental wellbeing, but many adults and adolescents do not get the recommended amount of sleep. Recently, studies have identified technology use as having negative impacts on sleep. This is concerning given that mobile technologies have permeated the lives of today's young adults and adolescents. First, the effects of social media use, both throughout the day and before bedtime, on sleep quantity and quality are synthesized. Second, the mechanisms through which social media use disrupts sleep, namely that 1) social media use displaces time spent sleeping, 2) that the content on social media is stimulating, and 3) that the blue light emitted by digital devices suppresses the production of melatonin, decreasing sleepiness are discussed. Third, the research designs and methods that were employed are explored. Fourth, future research directions are proposed. Finally, tips to improve sleep in the digital age are provided.

scholarly journals A brief report on the associations amongst social media use, gender, and body esteem in a UK student sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hollie Ormsby ◽  
Alison Leah Owen ◽  
Manpal Singh Bhogal
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Student Sample

scholarly journals Social Media Use and Adolescents’ Sleep: A Longitudinal Study on the Protective Role of Parental Rules Regarding Internet Use before Sleep

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1346
Author(s):  
Regina J.J.M. van den Eijnden ◽  
Suzanne M. Geurts ◽  
Tom F.M. ter Bogt ◽  
Vincent G. van der Rijst ◽  
Ina M. Koning
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Smartphone Use

The popularity of social media use among adolescents has raised concerns about the potentially harmful effects of social media use on adolescents’ sleep. Since longitudinal research considering this relationship is scarce, the present two-wave longitudinal study of 2021 secondary school students (Mage = 13.86, SD = 1.25) examined whether frequency of social media use and problematic social media use predicted adolescents’ bedtime and quality of sleep. Moreover, the protective role of parental rules regarding Internet and smartphone use one hour before sleep was examined. The findings indicated that strict parental rules about Internet and smartphone use before sleep might prevent negative consequences of social media use on bedtime and sleep quality, but only among less engaged social media users. Once adolescents are highly engaged social media users, strict parental rules do not seem to prevent negative media influences on sleep. This implies that limiting Internet accessibility before bedtime can help prevent adolescents’ sleep problems, but that regulation is less effective for adolescents who are already highly involved in social media use.

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