scholarly journals Associations between Parenting Style and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 11–17 Years: Results of the KiGGS Cohort Study (Second Follow-Up)

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Özge Azman ◽  
Elvira Mauz ◽  
Matthias Reitzle ◽  
Raimund Geene ◽  
Heike Hölling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Migration Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Emotional Distancing

Few studies from Germany have investigated the associations between parenting style and children’s and adolescents’ health. Little attention has been directed to whether these associations vary with familial socioeconomic or migration status. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the association between parenting style and the mental health of children and adolescents aged 11–17 years using data from the KiGGS cohort study (second follow-up). We calculated mean Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) total difficulties scores stratified by parenting style (authoritative, permissive, demanding–controlling, emotional distancing). Linear regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, migration status, and family status were performed. We also analyzed moderating effects of socioeconomic and migrations status on associations between parenting style and SDQ scores. There were only small differences between the permissive and the authoritative parenting styles. Significantly higher mean scores were observed for the demanding–controlling and emotional distancing styles for both the mother and father. These associations persisted after full adjustment and did not vary by socioeconomic or migration status. Parenting behavior is an important predictor of children’s and adolescents’ mental health. The promotion of good relationships within families and improving parenting skills offer promising approaches for health promotion in young people.

scholarly journals Effect of changes in green spaces on mental health in older adults: a fixed effects analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mark Noordzij ◽  
Marielle A Beenackers ◽  
Joost Oude Groeniger ◽  
Frank J Van Lenthe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Residential Environment ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sectional Analysis

BackgroundUrban green spaces have been linked to different health benefits, but longitudinal studies on the effect of green spaces on mental health are sparse and evidence often inconclusive. Our objective was to study the effect of changes in green spaces in the residential environment on changes in mental health using data with 10 years of follow-up (2004–2014).MethodsData from 3175 Dutch adults were linked to accessibility and availability measures of green spaces at three time points (2004/2011/2014). Mental health was measured with the Mental Health Inventory-5. Fixed effects analyses were performed to assess the effect of changes in green spaces on mental health.ResultsCross-sectional analysis of baseline data showed significant associations between Euclidean distances to the nearest green space and mental health, with an increase of 100 m correlating with a lower mental health score of approximately 0.5 (95% CI −0.87 to −0.12) on a 0–100 scale. Fixed effects models showed no evidence for associations between changes in green spaces and changes in mental health both for the entire sample as well as for those that did not relocate during follow-up.ConclusionsDespite observed cross-sectional correlations between the accessibility of green space in the residential environment and mental health, no evidence was found for an association between changes in green spaces and changes in mental health. If mental health and green spaces are indeed causally linked, then changes in green spaces in the Eindhoven area between 2004 and 2014 are not enough to produce a significant effect.

scholarly journals Cohort Profile Update: 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. Body composition, mental health and genetic assessment at the 6 years follow-up

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1437-1437f ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Santos ◽  
A. J. Barros ◽  
A. Matijasevich ◽  
R. Zanini ◽  
M. A. Chrestani Cesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Genetic Assessment

scholarly journals A Cognitive Development Chart for School-age Children and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
André R. Simioni ◽  
Daniel S. Pine ◽  
João R. Sato ◽  
Pedro M. Pan ◽  
Rochele Paz Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Predictive Utility

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and predictive utility of a time-efficient cognitive development chart that seeks to identify children and adolescents with high-risk for multiple outcomes such as mental health problems, substance use, and educational difficulties.MethodWe analyzed data from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort for Psychiatric Disorders (HRC), a longitudinal school-based study conducted from 2010-2011 to 2013-2014. Participants were 2,239 children and adolescents, 6 to 17 years of age, who completed the cognitive assessment at baseline. The task used to track cognitive development was the Two Choice Reaction Time task (<3 minutes of duration, computer-based), which assesses the accuracy and speed of perceptual decision-making. Mental health, substance use, and educational outcomes were assessed by validated standardized methods. Key variables were measured at baseline and 3-year follow-up. The predictive utility was assessed using static (deviations from the age-expected performance at baseline) and dynamic (deviations from the age-expected change in performance over time) indicators.ResultsThe reliability of the task parameter was high (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.8). Static indicators of cognitive development significantly predicted concurrent mental, intellectual and educational difficulties, as well as incident and persistent educational difficulties and substance use in the 3-year follow-up. Dynamic indicators predicted persistent mental health problems.ConclusionPrimary-care and mental health professionals need a time-efficient tool for tracking deviations from age-expected cognitive development, which predicts multiple unwanted outcomes at the same time. If replicated, future results could support the generation of tools for tracking risk for mental health, substance use, and educational difficulties.

scholarly journals Chronic pain and mental health problems among Syrian refugees: associations, predictors and use of medication over time: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e046454
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Marie Strømme ◽  
Jannicke Igland ◽  
Jasmin Haj-Younes ◽  
Bernadette Nirmal Kumar ◽  
Lars T Fadnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Syrian Refugees

ObjectivesThis study aims to examine associations, predictors and pharmacological treatment of chronic pain and mental health problems among Syrian refugees in a longitudinal perspective.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingWe collected survey data among Syrian refugees in Lebanon granted resettlement to Norway (self-administered questionnaires) and at follow-up 1 year after arrival in Norway (structured telephone interviews).ParticipantsAdult Syrian refugees attending mandatory pretravel courses in Lebanon in 2017–2018 were invited to participate. In total, 353 individuals participated at both time points.Primary and secondary outcomesWe examined the cross-sectional associations between pain, mental health and migration-related exposures at baseline and follow-up and assessed whether associations changed significantly with time. Furthermore, we investigated the longitudinal association between mental health at baseline and pain at follow-up. We also evaluated temporal changes in use of analgesics and psychotropic drugs.ResultsWhile most refugees reported improved health from the transit phase in Lebanon to the early resettlement phase in Norway, a few had persisting and intertwined health problems. Most migration-related stressors were more closely associated with chronic pain and mental health problems after resettlement as compared with the transit phase. In parallel, poor mental health was associated with chronic pain in the follow-up (adjusted risk ratio (ARR) 1.5 (1.0, 2.2)), but not at baseline (ARR 1.1 (0.8, 1.5)). Poor mental health at baseline was a statistically significant predictor of chronic pain at follow-up among those not reporting chronic pain at baseline. At both timepoints, one in four of those with chronic pain used analgesics regularly. None with mental health problems used antidepressants daily.ConclusionsProviders of healthcare services to refugees should be attentive to the adverse effect of postmigration stressors and acknowledge the interrelations between pain and mental health. Possible gaps in pharmacological treatment of pain and mental health problems need further clarification.

scholarly journals Occupational Therapy in Mental Health via Telehealth during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7138
Author(s):  
Antonio José Sánchez-Guarnido ◽  
Esther Domínguez-Macías ◽  
José Antonio Garrido-Cervera ◽  
Roberto González-Casares ◽  
Silvia Marí-Boned ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Day Hospitals ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about changes in mental health occupational therapy. Research into these changes and the associated risks of relapse is insufficient. To explore the changes that have taken place in forms of occupational intervention (face-to-face and online) during the pandemic, and to analyze their association with subsequent relapses, a multicenter retrospective cohort study was carried out of 270 patients with mental disorder diagnoses under follow-up in day hospitals during 2020. Our results show that the frequency of face-to-face occupational therapy interventions decreased during lockdown and subsequently recovered. Interventions via telehealth increased during lockdown and have since been continued to a greater extent than before lockdown. Patients who received occupational intervention via telehealth relapsed less in the following six months (10.7% vs. 26.3%; χ2 = 10.372; p = 0.001), especially those who received intervention via videoconferencing (4.2% vs. 22%; χ2 = 5.718; p = 0.017). In conclusion, lockdown subsequent to the COVID-19 outbreak led to a reduction in face-to-face occupational therapy interventions, putting people with prior mental disorders at risk, while the implementation of telehealth tools helped reduce relapses.

scholarly journals Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intakes and Mental Health in the Australian Diabetes Obesity and Lifestyle Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1447
Author(s):  
Joanna Rees ◽  
Simone Radavelli Bagatini ◽  
Johnny Lo ◽  
Jonathan M. Hodgson ◽  
Claus T. Christophersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Average ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Increasing prevalence of mental health disorders within the Australian population is a serious public health issue. Adequate intake of fruits and vegetables (FV), dietary fibre (DF) and resistant starch (RS) is associated with better mental and physical health. Few longitudinal studies exist exploring the temporal relationship. Using a validated food frequency questionnaire, we examined baseline FV intakes of 5845 Australian adults from the AusDiab study and estimated food group-derived DF and RS using data from the literature. Perceived mental health was assessed at baseline and 5 year follow up using SF-36 mental component summary scores (MCS). We conducted baseline cross-sectional analysis and prospective analysis of baseline dietary intake with perceived mental health at 5 years. Higher baseline FV and FV-derived DF and RS intakes were associated with better 5 year MCS (p < 0.001). A higher FV intake (754 g/d vs. 251 g/d, Q4 vs. Q1) at baseline had 41% lower odds (OR = 0.59: 95% CI 0.46–0.75) of MCS below population average (<47) at 5 year follow up. Findings were similar for FV-derived DF and RS. An inverse association was observed with discretionary food-derived DF and RS. This demonstrates the association between higher intakes of FV and FV-derived DF and RS with better 5 year mental health outcomes. Further RCTs are necessary to understand mechanisms that underlie this association including elucidation of causal effects.

Process mapping appointments to identify improvements in care delivered to patients who screen positive for depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Bo Kim ◽  
Stephanie Rodrigues ◽  
Natalie S Dell ◽  
Rani Elwy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Depression Care ◽  
Positive Screen ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Using Data

Rationale, aims and objectives  After screening positive for depression, many patients do not receive effective medication or maintain optimal contact with practitioners.  Our objective was to examine how appointments that patients have after screening positive may affect the delivery of evidence-based and guideline-concordant depression care. Methods  We reviewed treatment records for 271 patients who screened positive for depression in primary care across three United States Veterans Health Administration medical facilities.  For each patient, we mapped the process of appointments that took place following the positive screen, noting the number of appointments, the service line in which each appointment was held, as well as whether guideline-concordant depression care was in turn received over four months. Results  We found that (i) approximately half of the patients who screened positive had no follow-up appointments, (ii) all patients who had two or more follow-up appointments received some – but not necessarily guideline-concordant – mental health treatment, and (iii) there were distinct patterns across the three facilities regarding which service lines’ appointments most often resulted in treatment. Conclusions  Our work offers a novel approach of using data on appointments that patients have after screening positive for depression to shed light on current care practices.  The number of post-screening appointments can be an informative process measure for improving depression care to become more guideline-concordant.  Facilities vary substantially in terms of which service lines they use to attain guideline-concordance, likely due to notable differences in how their primary care, integrated primary care behavioral health, and mental health services are organized.

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