scholarly journals Infrared Absorption Study of Zn–S Hybrid and ZnS Ultrathin Films Deposited on Porous AAO Ceramic Support

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksymilian Włodarski ◽  
Matti Putkonen ◽  
Małgorzata Norek
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Ultrathin Films ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Porous Support ◽  
Ceramic Support ◽  
Developed Surface

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique to characterize the chemical structure and dynamics of various types of samples. However, the signal-to-noise-ratio drops rapidly when the sample thickness gets much smaller than penetration depth, which is proportional to wavelength. This poses serious problems in analysis of thin films. In this work, an approach is demonstrated to overcome these problems. It is shown that a standard IR spectroscopy can be successfully employed to study the structure and composition of films as thin as 20 nm, when the layers were grown on porous substrates with a well-developed surface area. In contrast to IR spectra of the films deposited on flat Si substrates, the IR spectra of the same films but deposited on porous ceramic support show distinct bands that enabled reliable chemical analysis. The analysis of Zn-S ultrathin films synthesized by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from diethylzinc (DEZ) and 1,5-pentanedithiol (PDT) as precursors of Zn and S, respectively, served as proof of concept. However, the approach presented in this study can be applied to analysis of any ultrathin film deposited on target substrate and simultaneously on porous support, where the latter sample would be a reference sample dedicated for IR analysis of this film.

Perspective Biomass Carrier for Anaerobic Processing Systems of Organic Waste AIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Anatoliy V. Fedotov ◽  
Viktor S. Grigoriev ◽  
Dmitriy A. Kovalev ◽  
Andrey A. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Highly Porous

To speed up the wastewater treatment under aerobic conditions and to optimize the processes of anaerobic wastewater treatment in digesters, immobilization technologies of microorganisms and enzymes on solid carriers are used. Ceramic carriers based on aluminosilicates and alumina are one of the promising inorganic biomass carriers. (Research purpose) To study the structure of porous ceramic biomass carriers for anaerobic processing of organic waste and evaluate the prospects for their use. (Materials and methods) The substrate for anaerobic digestion was a mixture of sediments of the primary and secondary sewage sumps of the Lyubertsy treatment facilities. K-65 cattle feed was used to ensure the constancy of the composition of organic substances in substrates as a cosubstrate. The authors used the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption of Bruner-Emmett-Teller to study the pore structure and specific surface of solid carriers on a specific surface analyzer Quntachrome Autosorb-1. (Results and discussion) The main characteristics (specific surface, volume of micro- and mesopores, predominant pore radius, water absorption and others) of chamotte foam lightweight and highly porous corundum ceramics were determined. It was revealed that ceramic materials with a developed surface and electrically conductive material provided an increase in biogas yield by 3.8-3.9 percent with an increase in methane content by an average of 5 percent. (Conclusions) The results of anaerobic digestion showed a positive effect of both a conductive carrier and highly porous ceramic materials on the process of anaerobic bioconversion of organic waste into biogas. It is advisable to expand experimental studies on the use of a conductive carrier with a developed surface based on highly porous ceramics.

Low Temperature Epitaxial Oxide Ultrathin Films and Nanostructures by Atomic Layer Deposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3732-3737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariona Coll ◽  
Jaume Gazquez ◽  
Anna Palau ◽  
Maria Varela ◽  
Xavier Obradors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Ultrathin Films ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Epitaxial Oxide

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Porous Ceramic Membranes for Micro-Filtration from Clay/CuZn Using Extrusion Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 08015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh Amin ◽  
Muhammad Subri
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Support ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

In this study, fabrication and characterization of ceramic membranes preparation was carried out. Porous ceramic membranes were fabricated by extrusion process from different percentage composition of CuZn on (80 wt% Clay, 10 wt% TiO2, 5 wt% Carbon and 5 wt% PVA). The fabricated membranes were sintered at 900°C for 1 hour in an electrical box furnace with heating rate 1oC/min and holding time for 1 hour. Apparent density and porosity were determined by standar methods for ceramic materials. Phase composition of the ceramic support was established by X-Ray Diffraction analysis. SEM studies of the membranes added at different CuZn were carried out.

scholarly journals Evaluation of solubility and histological effect of 11-keto-β-Boswellic acid on the diabetic mice liver using FTIR-PCA analysis and microscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Al-Amri ◽  
F. Mabood ◽  
I.T. Kadim ◽  
A.Y. Alkindi ◽  
A. Al-Harrasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Boswellic Acid ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mice Liver ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

ABSTRACTThis study was designed to develop a rapid, sensitive, accurate, and inexpensive Fourier Transform Infrared Reflectance (FT-IR) Spectroscopy coupled with Principle Component Analysis (PCA) as a detection technique to evaluate the solubility of 11-Keto-β-Boswellic acid (KBA), from the gum resin extracted from the Omani frankincense, (Boswellia sacra) in the liver of STZ induced diabetic mice. This study also investigated the effect of KBA on the histological changes of hepatocytes of diabetic mice. Liver tissue samples from three groups of mice included normal control group, diabetic control group and diabetic group treated IP with KBA were scanned with FT-IR spectrophotometer in the reflection mode. FT-IR Spectra were collected in the wavenumber range from 400 to 4000cm-1 using ATR accessorry. The results of FT-IR Spectra were analyzed by using multivariate method Principle Component Analysis. The PCA score plot is an exploratory multivariate method indicated that there was a complete segregation among the three groups of liver samples based on change in variation of position of wavenumber in FT-IR spectra, which revealed that there is a clear effect of KBA solubility on treatments. The histological features showed an improvement in the liver tissues with normal structures of hepatocytes with exhibiting mild vacuolations in their cytoplasm. In conclusion, reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with PCA could be deployed as a new detection method for rapid, low cost and non-destructive method for evaluating of treatment effects in diseased liver tissue based on the solubility of KBA. Histological findings demonstrated the protective effective of KBA on improving the morphology of liver tissue in diabetic mice which resulted in complete recovery to the damage observed in diabetic control group.Summary StatementReflectance FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with PCA has been deployed as a new rapid, inexpensive and non-destructive detection method to examine the solubility of 11-keto-β-Boswellic acid (KBA) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced-diabetes mice liver tissue following intraperitoneal treatment. Moreover, microscopic study of liver tissue histopathology revealed that KBA has a protecting effect against STZ damage.

scholarly journals A Novel Type Room Temperature Surface Photovoltage Gas Sensor Device 

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kwoka ◽  
Michal A. Borysiewicz ◽  
Pawel Tomkiewicz ◽  
Anna Piotrowska ◽  
Jacek Szuber
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Surface Photovoltage ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Sensor Device ◽  
Developed Surface

In this paper a novel type of a highly sensitive gas sensor device based on the surface photovoltage effect is described. The developed surface photovoltage gas sensor is based on a reverse Kelvin probe approach. As the active gas sensing electrode the porous ZnO nanostructured thin films are used deposited by the direct current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering method exhibiting the nanocoral surface morphology combined with an evident surface nonstoichiometry related to the unintentional surface carbon and water vapor contaminations. Among others, the demonstrated SPV gas sensor device exhibits a high sensitivity of 1 ppm to NO2 with a signal to noise ratio of about 50 and a fast response time of several seconds under the room temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Population Heterogeneity of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 Microcolonies in Response to and Recovery from Acid Stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (24) ◽  
pp. 7750-7758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin J. Ingham ◽  
Marke Beerthuyzen ◽  
Johan van Hylckama Vlieg
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Ceramic Support ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Stressed Cells

ABSTRACT Within an isogenic microbial population in a homogenous environment, individual bacteria can still exhibit differences in phenotype. Phenotypic heterogeneity can facilitate the survival of subpopulations under stress. As the gram-positive bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum grows, it acidifies the growth medium to a low pH. We have examined the growth of L. plantarum microcolonies after rapid pH downshift (pH 2 to 4), which prevents growth in liquid culture. This acidification was achieved by transferring cells from liquid broth onto a porous ceramic support, placed on a base of low-pH MRS medium solidified using Gelrite. We found a subpopulation of cells that displayed phenotypic heterogeneity and continued to grow at pH 3, which resulted in microcolonies dominated by viable but elongated (filamentous) cells lacking septation, as determined by scanning electron microscopy and staining cell membranes with the lipophilic dye FM4-64. Recovery of pH-stressed cells from these colonies was studied by inoculation onto MRS-Gelrite-covered slides at pH 6.5, and outgrowth was monitored by microscopy. The heterogeneity of the population, calculated from the microcolony areas, decreased with recovery from pH 3 over a period of a few hours. Filamentous cells did not have an advantage in outgrowth during recovery. Specific regions within single filamentous cells were more able to form rapidly dividing cells, i.e., there was heterogeneity even within single recovering cells.

[54] Scale-Up studies on immobilized, purified glucoamylase, covalently coupled to porous ceramic support

1976 ◽  
pp. 776-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.H. Weetall ◽  
W.P. Vann ◽  
W.H. Pitcher ◽  
D.D. Lee ◽  
Y.Y. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Ceramic Support

Preparation of Porous Ceramic Support with Inorganic Filtration Membrane

2007 ◽  
pp. 1099-1101
Author(s):  
Long Liang ◽  
Jian Bao Li ◽  
Xiao Zhan Yang ◽  
Hong Lin ◽  
Ming Sheng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Filtration Membrane ◽  
Ceramic Support

Influence of KBr conditioning on the infrared hydroxyl-stretching region of saponites

Clay Minerals ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pelletier ◽  
L. J. Michot ◽  
O. Barrès ◽  
B. Humbert ◽  
S. Petit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Layer Charge ◽  
Tetrahedral Sheet ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Sheet Charge

AbstractIn order to assess the influence of tetrahedral sheet charge on the hydroxyl-stretching vibration in clay minerals, a series of synthetic Na-saponites, with increasing layer charge, was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. When recorded after KBr dilution either in transmission or diffuse reflectance, the IR spectra exhibit a component at ~3710 cm-1, the intensity of which increases linearly with increasing layer charge. When experiments are carried out without any dilution of the samples, this component is not observed, suggesting a Na+/K+ exchange upon mixing of the sample with KBr. The spectra obtained for K-saponite confirm this exchange. This shows that the dilution procedure can lead to serious misinterpretations of IR spectra in the OH-stretching region.

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