scholarly journals Direct and Indirect Evidence of the Microbially Induced Pitting Corrosion of Steel Structures in Humid Environments

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 983
Author(s):  
Jingzhong Zhou ◽  
Kuoteng Sun ◽  
Songqiang Huang ◽  
Xuemin He ◽  
Zhaowei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Corrosion Of Steel

Corrosion is a severe problem for steel structures in humid environments. In particular, humidity usually triggers the surface adhesion of microorganisms, leading to microbiologically induced corrosion. This study aims to explore the effect of bacterial biofilm formation on the pitting corrosion of stainless steel. This research uses electrochemical methods to obtain indirect evidence of the pitting corrosion of steel. In addition, in order to obtain direct evidence of the pitting corrosion of stainless steel, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the dimensional morphology of the stainless steel after pitting. It was shown that the bacterial adhesion increased with the pH and temperature, which significantly increased the surface roughness of the stainless steel. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the formation of biofilm greatly destroyed the oxide film of 304 SS and accelerated the corrosion of stainless steel by forming an oxygen concentration battery. SEM and AFM analyses showed cracks and dislocations on the surface of stainless steel underneath the attached bacteria, which suggested a direct role of biofilm in corrosion induction. The results presented here show that the bacterial biofilm formation on the steel surfaces significantly accelerated the corrosion and affected the pitting corrosion process of the steel structure.

scholarly journals N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine Affects Growth, Extracellular Polysaccharide Production, and Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Solid Surfaces

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 4814-4822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Cathrin Olofsson ◽  
Malte Hermansson ◽  
Hans Elwing
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Interesting Candidate ◽  
Steel Surfaces

ABSTRACT N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) is used in medical treatment of patients with chronic bronchitis. The positive effects of NAC treatment have primarily been attributed to the mucus-dissolving properties of NAC, as well as its ability to decrease biofilm formation, which reduces bacterial infections. Our results suggest that NAC also may be an interesting candidate for use as an agent to reduce and prevent biofilm formation on stainless steel surfaces in environments typical of paper mill plants. Using 10 different bacterial strains isolated from a paper mill, we found that the mode of action of NAC is chemical, as well as biological, in the case of bacterial adhesion to stainless steel surfaces. The initial adhesion of bacteria is dependent on the wettability of the substratum. NAC was shown to bind to stainless steel, increasing the wettability of the surface. Moreover, NAC decreased bacterial adhesion and even detached bacteria that were adhering to stainless steel surfaces. Growth of various bacteria, as monocultures or in a multispecies community, was inhibited at different concentrations of NAC. We also found that there was no detectable degradation of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) by NAC, indicating that NAC reduced the production of EPS, in most bacteria tested, even at concentrations at which growth was not affected. Altogether, the presence of NAC changes the texture of the biofilm formed and makes NAC an interesting candidate for use as a general inhibitor of formation of bacterial biofilms on stainless steel surfaces.

Biofilm Development and Sanitizer Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium on Stainless Steel and Buna-n Rubber

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMY B. RONNER ◽  
AMY C. L. WONG
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Extracellular Matrices ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Extracellular Materials ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Nutrient Conditions

Biofilm formation by seven strains of Listeria monocytogenes and one strain of Salmonella typhimurium on stainless steel and Buna-n rubber was examined under two nutrient conditions. The type of surface, nutrient level, and organism influenced biofilm development and production of extracellular materials. Buna-n had a strong bacteriostatic effect on L. monocytogenes, and biofilm formation on Buna-n under low nutrient conditions was reduced for four of the seven strains tested. Buna-n was less bacteriostatic toward S. typhimurium. It inhibited the growth of several other pathogens to varying degrees. An ethylene propylene diamine monomer rubber was less inhibitory than Buna-n, and Viton rubber had no effect. The effectiveness of sanitizers on biofilm bacteria was examined. Biofilms were challenged with four types of detergent and nondetergent sanitizers. Resistance to sanitizers was strongly influenced by the type of surface. Bacterial biofilm populations on stainless steel were reduced 3–5 log by all the sanitizers, but those on Buna-n were resistant to these sanitizers and were reduced less than 1–2 log. In contrast, planktonic (suspended) bacteria were reduced 7–8 log by these sanitizers. Chlorine and anionic acid sanitizers generally removed extracellular materials from biofilms better than iodine and quaternary ammonium detergent sanitizers. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that biofilm cells and extracellular matrices could remain on sanitized biofilm cells and extracellular matrices could remain surfaces from which no viable cells were recovered.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation of Salmonella typhimurium on Stainless Steel in Red Meat Model and the Effect of Bacteriophage on Bacterial Biofilm

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Hossein Tajik ◽  
Mehran Moradi ◽  
Mosatafa Alipour ◽  
Hadi Ghasemmahdi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm

Bacterial biofilm formation on polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and stainless steel exposed to ozonated water

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Outi M Zacheus ◽  
Eila K Iivanainen ◽  
Tarja K Nissinen ◽  
Markku J Lehtola ◽  
Pertti J Martikainen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Ozonated Water

scholarly journals Regulation of Biofilm Exopolysaccharide Production by Cyclic Di-Guanosine Monophosphate

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myles B. Poulin ◽  
Laura L. Kuperman
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Direct Targeting ◽  
Translational Activation ◽  
Time Required

Many bacterial species in nature possess the ability to transition into a sessile lifestyle and aggregate into cohesive colonies, known as biofilms. Within a biofilm, bacterial cells are encapsulated within an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) comprised of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other small molecules. The transition from planktonic growth to the biofilm lifecycle provides numerous benefits to bacteria, such as facilitating adherence to abiotic surfaces, evasion of a host immune system, and resistance to common antibiotics. As a result, biofilm-forming bacteria contribute to 65% of infections in humans, and substantially increase the energy and time required for treatment and recovery. Several biofilm specific exopolysaccharides, including cellulose, alginate, Pel polysaccharide, and poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG), have been shown to play an important role in bacterial biofilm formation and their production is strongly correlated with pathogenicity and virulence. In many bacteria the biosynthetic machineries required for assembly of these exopolysaccharides are regulated by common signaling molecules, with the second messenger cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) playing an especially important role in the post-translational activation of exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Research on treatments of antibiotic-resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria through direct targeting of c-di-GMP signaling has shown promise, including peptide-based treatments that sequester intracellular c-di-GMP. In this review, we will examine the direct role c-di-GMP plays in the biosynthesis and export of biofilm exopolysaccharides with a focus on the mechanism of post-translational activation of these pathways, as well as describe novel approaches to inhibit biofilm formation through direct targeting of c-di-GMP.

Bacterial biofilm behavior in water-supply lines of dental units

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 882-883
Author(s):  
B.D. Tall ◽  
K.S. George ◽  
R. T. Gray ◽  
H.N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm

Studies of bacterial behavior in many environments have shown that most organisms attach to surfaces, forming communities of microcolonies called biofilms. In contaminated medical devices, biofilms may serve both as reservoirs and as inocula for the initiation of infections. Recently, there has been much concern about the potential of dental units to transmit infections. Because the mechanisms of biofilm formation are ill-defined, we investigated the behavior and formation of a biofilm associated with tubing leading to the water syringe of a dental unit over a period of 1 month.

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