scholarly journals Catalytic Production of Levulinic and Formic Acids from Fructose over Superacid ZrO2–SiO2–SnO2 Catalyst

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Nataliia Hes ◽  
Artur Mylin ◽  
Svitlana Prudius
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Catalytic conversion of fructose to levulinic and formic acids over tin-containing superacid (H0 = −14.52) mixed oxide was studied. Mesoporous ZrO2–SiO2–SnO2 (Zr:Si:Sn = 1:2:0.4) was synthesized by the sol–gel method. The fructose transformation was carried out in a rotated autoclave at 160–190 °C for 1–5 h using a 20 wt.% aqueous solution. The results showed that doping ZrO2–SiO2 samples with Sn4+ ions improved both fructose conversion and selectivity toward levulinic and formic acids. Under optimal conditions of 180 °C, 3.5 h and fructose to catalyst weight ratio 20:1, levulinic and formic acids yields were 80% and 90%, respectively, at complete fructose conversion. At this, humic substances formed in the quantity of 10 wt.% based on the target products.

Antiviral and Antibacterial Effects of Silver-Doped TiO2 Prepared by the Peroxo Sol-Gel Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 7356-7362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjawan Moongraksathum ◽  
Min-Yuan Chien ◽  
Yu-Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method

A series of multifunctional silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag/TiO2) nanocomposites with various silver contents were synthesized by the peroxo sol–gel method using TiCl4 as a precursor and H2O2 as a peptizing agent. The sol was used to coat a glass substrate, thereby forming a thin film. The antiviral and antibacterial activities of the Ag/TiO2 films and their use in the photocatalytic degradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue were investigated. The as-prepared materials were characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antiviral and antibacterial activities of the samples were tested against Escherichia coli, the influenza A virus (H1N1), and enterovirus. It was observed that an optimum Ag:TiO2 weight ratio of 1:100 enabled the highest activity in the photocatalytic degradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue under irradiation with either ultraviolet or visible light. Moreover, the same composition remarkably exhibited extremely high antibacterial and virucidal effectivenesses greater than 99.99% against E. coli and infectious viruses after illumination with ultraviolet A. The presence of silver on TiO2 significantly enhanced its photocatalytic activity. Thus, the excellent photocatalytic activities and reusability of the Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite render it applicable as a coating material for several purposes.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Spherical Silica by Sol-Gel Method and Its Application as Catalyst Support

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Anirut Leksomboon ◽  
Bunjerd Jongsomjit
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Spherical Silica

In this present study, the spherical silica support was synthesized from tetraethyloxysilane (TEOS), water, sodium hydroxide, ethylene glycol and n-dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (C12TMABr). The particle size was controlled by variation of the ethylene glycol co-solvent weight ratio of a sol-gel method preparation in the range of 0.10 to 0.50. In addition, the particle size apparently increases with high weight ratio of co-solvent, but the particle size distribution was broader. The standard deviation of particle diameter is large when the co-solvent weight ratio is more than 0.35 and less than 0.15. However, the specific surface area was similar for all weight ratios ranging from 1000 to 1300 m2/g. The synthesized silica was spherical and has high specific surface area. The cobalt was impregnated onto the obtained silica to produce the cobalt catalyst used for CO2 hydrogenation.</

Bisphenol A Imprinted SiO2‐ZrO2 Mixed Oxide Materials Prepared by Acetic Anhydride Sol‐Gel Method

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Fujiwara ◽  
Ikou Yamamura ◽  
Motoyasu Nishiyama ◽  
Kumi Shiokawa ◽  
Souichi Ohtsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Oxide Materials ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

scholarly journals A reversible, colorimetric, pH-responsive indole-based hydrogel and its application in urea detection

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (42) ◽  
pp. 24299-24304
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xuan Luo ◽  
Longfei Zhang ◽  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
New Type

A new type of pH-responsive indole-based (4-HINF) hydrogel, fabricated by a sol–gel method, was utilized as a platform for colorimetric detection of urea in aqueous solution.

Preparation of Sodium Ionic Conductor Based on Sol-Gel Method Using Aqueous Solution

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (Part 2, No. 7A) ◽  
pp. L833-L836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichi Shimizu ◽  
Satoko Michishita ◽  
Takahiro Murata
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ionic Conductor ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of poly-aluminum silicate sulphate (PASS) for ultra-low density fiberboard (ULDF)

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (113) ◽  
pp. 93187-93193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingjie Chen ◽  
Min Niu ◽  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Jinghong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Mixed Aqueous Solution

Poly-aluminum silicate sulphate (PASS) was synthesized in a mixed aqueous solution of sodium silicate and aluminum silicate via a sol–gel method for use in ultra-low density fiberboard (ULDF).

Preparation of Superconducting Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Coating Films by the Sol-Gel Method Using an Aqueous Solution of Metal Acetates

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (Part 2, No. 7) ◽  
pp. L1107-L1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoren Zhuang ◽  
Hiromitsu Kozuka ◽  
Toshinobu Yoko ◽  
Sumio Sakka
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Fabrication of nanospinel ZnCr2O4 using sol–gel method and its application on removal of azo dye from aqueous solution

2010 ◽  
Vol 184 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 684-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yazdanbakhsh ◽  
Iman Khosravi ◽  
Elaheh K. Goharshadi ◽  
Abbas Youssefi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

scholarly journals Electric polarization properties of BaTiO3-BiFeO3 as nanomultiferroic material produced by sol-gel method

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 05005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwita Suastiyanti ◽  
Maykel T.E. Manawan ◽  
Marlin Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sinter Time ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Electric Polarization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Dominant Phase

The nanomultiferroic material which is synthesized in this research used sol-gel method. The research used weight ratio of BaTiO3: BiFeO3 of 2: 1. Gel formed after heating at 80-90°C was calcined at 350°C for 4 hours and then sintered at 700,750 and 800°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours respectively. Powder produced after sintering was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test using XRD Phillips PW 1835 type, 20°-100° diffraction angle and CuKα, electric polarization properties test and particle size measurement using Particle Size Analyzer of Beckman Coulter DelsaTM Nano instrument. From the characterization results, it is obtained that the dominant phase is Barium Bismuth Iron (III) Oxide (BaBiFe2O5). Electrical polarization properties such as remanent, coersivity and saturation reach maximum value at sinter temperature of 750° C and sinter time of 6 hours. This result is supported by the smallest particle size of powder (54-57 nm) and also supported by the largest number of dominant phase (98.79%) at same condition.

scholarly journals Fabrication of an Organo-Fluoride–Free Hydrophobic Film Using the Sol-Gel Method by Factors Screening and Poly-Acrylic Acid Addition

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Meng-Wei Shen ◽  
Shyi-Tien Chen
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Static Water ◽  
Clustering Aggregation ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Improving silica film’s contact angle (CA) using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and iso-butyltrimethoxysilane (iso-BTMS) by the sol-gel method without adding organo-fluoride substances is of interest. Five factors, namely type of solvent, molar ratio and amounts of TEOS and iso-BTMS, mixing intensity, sol aging time, and presence and absence of poly-acrylic acid (PAA), were assessed to improve the static water CA of the film and its surface quality. Results revealed that when ethanol was used as the dissolving solvent and after adding initial iso-BTMS and TEOS concentrations of 0.0270 and 0.0194 mol/L (molar ratio = 1.39), respectively, without sonication and adding PAA/TEOS weight ratio of 0.029, then the maximum static CA of the film reached 147°, a nearly super-hydrophobic surface. Under given conditions, long-term film durability was observed, and the added PAA prevented the formation of nonhomogeneous film surfaces caused by the highly clustering aggregation of silanols under high pH conditions.

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