scholarly journals Enhanced Electrochromic Performance by Anodic Polarization in Nickel Oxide Films

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Xing Guo ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Rui-Tao Wen
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Nickel Oxide Films

Nickel oxide (NiO) is considered to be the best candidate for the compensatory layer of WO3-based smart windows. In this article, we demonstrate that a facile anodic polarization can dramatically improve the electrochromic performance. Unambiguous evidence of performance enhancement was demonstrated by both in situ optical response and cyclic voltammetry. Benefiting from this treatment, the quantity of voltammetric charge increased by ∼43.8% under the same test conditions, enhancing the corresponding electrochromic modulation by ∼17.6 %. The improved performance is due to the newly exposed high-valence Ni3+ ions during anion-dependent anodization. These results offer a novel strategy for the preparation of high-performance NiO films and provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanism in the electrochromic process.

scholarly journals Simultaneously controlling heat conduction and infrared absorption with a textured dielectric film to enhance the performance of thermopiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunqian He ◽  
Yuelin Wang ◽  
Tie Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Dielectric Film ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Absorption Properties

AbstractThe heat conduction and infrared absorption properties of the dielectric film have a great influence on the thermopile performance. Thinning the dielectric film, reducing its contact area with the silicon substrate, or adding high-absorptivity nanomaterials has been proven to be effective in improving thermopiles. However, these methods may result in a decrease in the structural mechanical strength and increases in the fabrication complexity and cost. In this work, a new performance-enhancement strategy for thermopiles by simultaneously controlling the heat conduction and infrared absorption with a TExtured DIelectric (TEDI) film is developed and presented. The TEDI film is formed in situ by a simple hard-molding process that is compatible with the fabrication of traditional thermopiles. Compared to the control FLat DIelectric (FLDI) film, the intrinsic thermal conductance of the TEDI film can be reduced by ~18–30%, while the infrared absorption can be increased by ~7–13%. Correspondingly, the responsivity and detectivity of the fabricated TEDI film-based thermopile can be significantly enhanced by ~38–64%. An optimized TEDI film-based thermopile has achieved a responsivity of 156.89 V·W−1 and a detectivity of 2.16 × 108 cm·Hz1/2·W−1, while the response time constant can remain <12 ms. These results exhibit the great potential of using this strategy to develop high-performance thermopiles and enhance other sensors with heat transfer and/or infrared absorption mechanisms.

Rediscovering Multilayer Rigid-Flex with Z-interconnect Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 000949-000954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra N. Das ◽  
John M. Lauffer ◽  
Frank D. Egitto ◽  
Mark D. Poliks ◽  
Voya R. Markovich
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Printed Wiring Board ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Multiple Substrates ◽  
Electrical Interconnection ◽  
Electrically Conductive Adhesive ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Wiring Board

Rigid-flex allows designers to replace multiple substrates interconnected with connectors, wires, and ribbon cables with a single package offering improved performance, reliability, and a potential cost-effective solution. However, processing and materials selection is critical in order to achieve high quality multilayer, rigid-flex structures. To date, there is no technology available which can economically produce high density multilayer rigid-flex with rigid or flex originating from any layer in the stack. In the present study, a novel strategy allowing for multi-layer rigid flex structures is reported. Specifically, metal-to-metal z-axis electrical interconnection among the flexible and rigid elements during lamination to form a single package rigid-flex structure is described. Conductive joints are formed during lamination using an electrically conductive adhesive (ECA). As a result, structures can be fabricated with multiple flexible elements at any arbitrary layer. Recent development work on flex joining using different pre-pregs is highlighted, particularly with respect to their integration in laminate chip carrier substrates, and the reliability of the joints formed between the rigid and flex surfaces. A variety of rigid-flex structures were fabricated, with 1 to 3 flex layers laminated into printed wiring board substrates. Photographs and optical microscopy were used to investigate the joining, bending, and failure mechanism. Several classes of flexible materials, including polyimides, PTFE, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), have been used to develop high-performance rigid-flex packages. Rigid-flex packages with embedded passives and actives are also being investigated.

scholarly journals Colorless-to-colorful switching of electrochromic MXene by reversible ion insertion

Nano Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxia Jiang ◽  
Leiqiang Qin ◽  
Joseph Halim ◽  
Per O. Å. Persson ◽  
Lintao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spin Coating ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
Contrast Ratio ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Simple Route ◽  
Coating Method

AbstractElectrochromic (EC) materials that change color with voltage have been widely studied for use in dynamic windows. However, colorless-to-colorful switching with high contrast ratio is generically unattainable, especially for colorless-to-black electrochromic materials with an ultrahigh contrast ratio over the entire visible region. In this work, we developed Nb1.33C MXene-based dynamic windows with colorless-to-black switching of up to 75% reversible change in transmittance from 300 to 1,500 nm. By exploring the electrochromic effects of different electrolytes through in situ optical changes and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), it is found that electrochromic behavior is greatly influenced by the extent of reversible Li+ insertion/deinsertion between the two-dimensional Nb1.33C MXene nanosheets. In addition, a colorless-to-black EC device based on Nb1.33C with an overall integrated contrast ratio over 80% was successfully constructed by a solution-processable spin coating method. This work enables a simple route to fabricate MXene-based high-performance electrochromic smart windows, which is important for further expanding the application of MXenes to optoelectronic and photonic applications.

scholarly journals Highly Reversible Electrochemical Insertion of Lithium, Accompanied With a Marked Color Change, Occuring in Microcrystalline Lithium Nickel Oxide Films

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Campet ◽  
J. Portier ◽  
B. Morel ◽  
D. Ferry ◽  
J. M. Chabagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Lithium Insertion ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Lithium Nickel Oxide ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Nickel Oxide Films

Thin films of lithium-nickel oxide, whose texture consists of microcrystallites with an average grain size of 50 Å, permit highly reversible electrochemical insertion of lithium ions in Li+conducting electrolytes. Therefore, the corresponding materials would be of great interest for energy storage applications. In addition, the lithium insertion/extraction reactions in the nickel-based layers are accompanied with a marked color change, making these films of interest for the development of electrochromic displays for the control of light transmission in windows (“smart windows”).

Nanometer-Thick Nickel Oxide Films Prepared from Alanine-Chelated Coordination Complexes for Electrochromic Smart Windows

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 9528-9537
Author(s):  
Ke-Hsuan Wang ◽  
Hayato Ikeuchi ◽  
Masaaki Yoshida ◽  
Takafumi Miura ◽  
I-Ping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Coordination Complexes ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Nickel Oxide Films

scholarly journals Facile Production of Graphene/Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Electrical and Thermal Properties through In Situ Artificial Latex Preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lijing Han ◽  
Hairui Wang ◽  
Yingxia Zong ◽  
Chengzhong Zong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dispersion State ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Novel Strategy

In order to obtain the unique properties of graphene-based composites, to realize homogeneous dispersion of graphene throughout the polymer matrix remains the key challenge. In this work, edge-oxidized graphene/polypropylene (EOGr/PP) composites with well-dispersed EOGr in PP matrix, synchronously exhibiting high electrical conductivity and thermal property, were simply fabricated for the first time using a novel strategy by in situ artificial PP latex preparation in the presence of EOGr based on solution-emulsification technique. The good dispersion state of EOGr in the PP matrix was demonstrated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A blue shift in Raman G peak of the EOGr nanosheets was observed in the EOGr/PP composites, indicating the strong interactions between the EOGr nanosheets and the PP matrix. The onset crystallization and crystallization peak temperatures increased as the EOGr loading increases due to its good nucleating ability. An improved thermal stability of EOGr/PP composites was observed as evaluated by TGA. The EOGr/PP composites showed an insulator-to-conductor percolation transition in between that of 1 and 2 wt% EOGr content. Such strategy provides a very effective pathway to fabricate high-performance nonpolar polymer/graphene composites with excellent dispersion state of graphene.

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