scholarly journals Two New Benthic Diatoms of the Genus Achnanthidium (Bacillariophyceae) from the Hangang River, Korea

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Minzi Miao ◽  
Zhun Li ◽  
Eun-A Hwang ◽  
Ha-Kyung Kim ◽  
Hyuk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Rbcl Gene Sequences

Two new benthic freshwater species belonging to the genus Achnanthidium were found in Korea. Achnanthidium ovale sp. nov. and A. cavitatum sp. nov. are described as new species based on light and scanning electron microscopy observations and molecular analyses. Both species are compared with the type material of morphologically similar taxa. Achnanthidium ovale differs from other species belonging to the A. pyrenaicum complex in outline, striation pattern, raphe central endings, and freestanding areolae at the apices. Achnanthidium cavitatum differs from other species in the A. minutissimum complex in outline, broad axial central area in the raphel ess valve, and slit-like areolae near the axial central area. We assessed their molecular characteristics by analyzing nuclear small subunit (SSU) rRNA and chloroplast-encoded rbcL gene sequences. Both the morphological comparison and the SSU and rbcL sequence analyses provide strong evidence to support the recognition of A. ovale and A. cavitatum as new species.

Streblocladia (Rhodomelaceae) in New Zealand: recognition of a new species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 374 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
MYUNG SOOK KIM ◽  
BYEONGSEOK KIM ◽  
MI YEON YANG ◽  
ROBERTA D’ARCHINO ◽  
JUDY E. SUTHERLAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Rbcl Gene Sequences

The genus Streblocladia was described by early European collectors based on S. neglecta, a marine red alga from southern New Zealand currently treated as a taxonomic synonym of Streblocladia glomerulata. In New Zealand, Streblocladia includes two species and has always been considered distinct. To analyse the phylogenetic relationships of this genus with other Polysiphonia sensu lato, we conducted a molecular-assisted investigation using plastid rbcL gene sequences of recent collections of Streblocladia from New Zealand, as well as morphological observations. The molecular analyses indicated that Streblocladia species form a monophyletic clade sister to P. rhododactyla with strong support. The Streblocladia clade is clearly separated from other species of Polysiphonia sensu lato. Species of Streblocladia are characterized by sympodially branched, corticated main axes, the absence of vegetative trichoblasts, and spermatangial branches that are unilaterally arranged and replace the whole trichoblast. As a result, the New Zealand endemic Polysiphonia rhododactyla is transferred to the genus Streblocladia on the basis of genetic and morphological evidence and compared with the two other species from New Zealand, S. glomerulata and S. muelleriana.

Morphology and phylogenetic position of three new raphid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from Hangang River, South Korea

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 442 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-182
Author(s):  
LING TAN ◽  
PENGBIN WANG ◽  
IN-HWAN CHO ◽  
EUN-A HWANG ◽  
HYUK LEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase

Epilithic diatoms were isolated and cultured during ecological investigations of the Hangang River, South Korea. Three species belonging to the genera Fragilaria, Nitzschia, and Encyonema were investigated using morphological and molecular data. Their morphological characteristics were analyzed using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nuclear small subunit (SSU) rRNA and ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) genes were used to study the molecular characteristics of these taxa. We herein describe three new species: 1) Fragilaria thornata, which has spatulate spines tapering towards their tips; 2) Nitzschia hantanense, which has a small-sized frustule with convex margins and parallel striae in the central part of the valve that become strongly radial towards the poles; 3) Encyonema equalis, which has a space between projections, located on the upper siliceous struts, that is consistent whether near the margin or near the raphe. According to the molecular analysis of three species, there also give a strong evidence to separate these three species as new species based on the phylogenetic tree and genetic distance of SSU rRNA and rbcL gene. The result of all analyses support that Fragilaria thornata, Nitzschia hantanense and Encyonema equalis are new to science.

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Xiphinema mazandaranense n. sp. (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae), a new member of the Xiphinema pyrenaicum species complex

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Pedram ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Robert T. Robbins ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Mohammad Reza Atighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Female Genital

Xiphinema mazandaranense n. sp. is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to morphospecies group 6, which is characterised by having two equally developed female genital branches that have spines in the uteri and a short, rounded tail. The new species is characterised by having spines in the tubular portion of the uterus, body 3.7-5.2 mm long, odontostyle 163-173 μm long, odontophore 96-100 μm long, body 62-80 μm diam., rounded tail, four juvenile stages, males rare with three ventromedian supplements next to the adcloacal pair and spicules 85 μm long. The polytomous identification codes of the new species are: A4-B3-C7b-D6-E456-F45-G4-H2-I23-J7b-K2-L1. The new species appears closely related to the members of X. pyrenaicum group which are characterised by a rounded tail with or without an inconspicuous projecting bulge and a uterus devoid of Z-differentiation but showing spiniform structures. The new species differs from members of the X. pyrenaicum group, which includes the recently described X. iranicum, by a more rounded tail without any projection. Beside morphological and morphometric data, molecular analyses of the near-full-length small subunit rDNA gene (SSU) placed the new species in close relationship with some species belonging to Xiphinema morphospecies group 6 and further separated this species from the X. pyrenaicum complex.

Observations on Malenchus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4369 (3) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJID PEDRAM ◽  
MAHYA SOLEYMANZADEH ◽  
EBRAHIM POURJAM ◽  
MAHYAR MOBASSERI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Short Body

Malenchus geraerti n. sp., recovered from natural regions of northern Iran, is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterized by having females with a short body, an anteriorly wide S-shaped amphidial opening narrowing posteriorly, cuticle with prominent annuli, lateral field a plain band with smooth margins, muscular metacorpus with well-developed valve and corresponding plates, spermatheca filled with small spheroid sperm cells, vulva sunken in body with large epiptygma and no flap, and conical tail tapering gradually to a more or less pointed tip. Males of the new species are characterized by having a short body, tylenchoid spicules, adcloacal bursa with smooth margin and tail similar to that of the female. Morphologically, the new species is similar to five known species of the genus: M. fusiformis, M. machadoi, M. pachycephalus, M. solovjovae and M. undulatus. It most closely resembles M. pachycephalus, but as a cryptic species it can be differentiated using morphological and molecular characteristics. Comparisons with the four other aforementioned species are also discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies using partial sequences of small and large subunit ribosomal DNA fragments reveal that the new species forms a clade with the species M. neosulcus in the small subunit (SSU) rDNA, and two species of Lelenchus in the large subunit (LSU) rDNA tree. 

Phyllosiphon ari sp. nov. (Watanabea clade, Trebouxiophyceae), a new parasitic species isolated from leaves of Arum italicum (Araceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATEŘINA PROCHÁZKOVÁ ◽  
YVONNE NĚMCOVÁ ◽  
JIŘÍ NEUSTUPA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Unique Green ◽  
Arum Italicum ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Rbcl Gene Sequences

The trebouxiophycean genus Phyllosiphon contains unique green algae that thrive as endophytic parasites in the leaves of various members of the Araceae. The DNA sequences of the parasitic populations were originally acquired from infected leaves of subtropical Arisarum vulgare. However, several previous studies showed that the members of the Phyllosiphon clade also occur as free-living algae on various subaerial substrates across Europe. Phyllosiphon infection was also observed on the leaves of the temperate genus Arum, but no molecular data was available for these parasites. We recently found these parasites at a single sub-Mediterranean locality. These algae were genetically different from those previously obtained from Arisarum leaves on the basis of their 18S rDNA and rbcL gene sequences. In the present study, we describe this organism as a new species, Phyllosiphon ari. Phylogenetic differentiation of Phyllosiphon taxa, correlated with host specificity to different genera of the Araceae, suggests concerted host-pathogen co-evolution driving species diversification within this peculiar green algal lineage.

scholarly journals Two new lecanoroid lichen species from the forested wetlands of South Korea, with a key for Korean Protoparmeliopsis species

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Beeyoung Gun Lee ◽  
Jae-Seoun Hur
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Substrate Preference ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses

Lecanora parasymmicta Lee & Hur and Protoparmeliopsis crystalliniformis Lee & Hur are described as new lichen species to science from the forested wetlands in southern South Korea. Molecular analyses employing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) sequences strongly support the two lecanoroid species to be distinct in their genera. Lecanora parasymmicta is included in the Lecanora symmicta group. It is morphologically distinguished from Lecanora symmicta (Ach.) Ach., its most similar species, by areolate-rimose thallus, blackish hypothallus, larger apothecia, absence of thalline excipulum from the beginning, narrower paraphyses, larger ascospores, smaller pycnoconidia, and the presence of placodiolic acid. The second new species Protoparmeliopsis crystalliniformis is included in a clade with Protoparmeliopsis bipruinosa (Fink) S.Y. Kondr. and P. nashii (B.D. Ryan) S.Y. Kondr., differs from Protoparmeliopsis ertzii Bungartz & Elix, its most morphologically similar species, by whitish thallus, flat to concave and paler disc, longer ascospores, thallus K+ yellow reaction, presence of atranorin and rhizocarpic acid, and the substrate preference to sandstone or basalt. A key is provided to assist in the identification of Protoparmeliopsis species in Korea.

Gloeocantharellus aculeatus (Gomphaceae), a new neotropical species in the gomphoid-phalloid clade

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 268 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDA T. F. LINHARES ◽  
MATEUS A. RECK ◽  
PABLO P. DANIËLS ◽  
MARIA ALICE NEVES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
A New Species

Gloeocantharellus has an amphi-Pacific distribution, with five known neotropical species. Gloeocantharellus corneri was the only species in the genus recorded from Brazil. A new species, Gloeocantharellus aculeatus, was collected in the Atlantic Forest in the states of Espírito Santo and Santa Catarina of Brazil, and is described based on morphological and molecular characteristics. It is distinguished from other species in the genus by the orange to salmon pileus with slightly fibrillose margin, squamulose to pulverulent stipe, and aculeate basidiospores. The results of molecular analyses show that G. aculeatus is a distinct species and is closely related to G. corneri and G. echinosporus.

scholarly journals A new species of Trichodesmium (Cyanobacteria) from freshwaters, Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 2019-2024
Author(s):  
Célia L. Sant'Anna ◽  
Watson A. Gama ◽  
Thais G. Silva ◽  
Armando A.H. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Gas Vesicles ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Eleven Species

Abstract Trichodesmium is a typical planktic genus in which trichomes are disposed either in fascicles or radially in rounded colonies. Based on morphological studies, there are eleven species of Trichodesmium, out of which nine are from marine environments and only two from freshwaters. Trichodesmium is mainly known for its capacity to form blooms and produce toxins in marine tropical and subtropical environments. There is no information about the capacity of the freshwater Trichodesmium species to produce toxins. It was only with molecular studies that the taxonomy of marine Trichodesmium started to be solved. However, up to now, no material has been available for molecular analyses of freshwater species. During the studies of microalgae from São Paulo state, a population resembling Trichodesmium was found in a recreational pond. The analyzed organisms formed fascicles of homocyted and not attenuated trichomes and cells with gas vesicles, a set of features that makes them different from the other freshwater Trichodesmium species. Thus, we have described the species Trichodesmium brasiliense sp. nov. based on material from Brazilian inland water. Also, we have suggested revision of some Brazilian literature citations of T. lacustre and their inclusion in the synonym of this new species.

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