scholarly journals Plant–Soil Interactions as Drivers of the Structure and Functions of Plant Communities

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Michel-Pierre Faucon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
And Function ◽  
Structure And Functions ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

Plant–soil interactions play an important role in the structure and function of plant communities and thus in the functioning of ecosystems [...]

scholarly journals BIOSURFACTANTS FROM MARINE MICROORGANISMS: I. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-27
Author(s):  
B. N. Galkin ◽  
M. O. Finogenova ◽  
А. S. Semenets ◽  
M. B. Galkin ◽  
T. O. Filipova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
And Function ◽  
Structure And Functions

Marine microorganisms have unique metabolic and physiological characteristics and are an important source of new biomolecules such as biosurfactants. Low molecular weight surfactants are glycolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, lipopeptides and lipoproteins, and high molecular weight surfactants are mixtures of heteropolysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, lipoproteins and proteins. The main general of bacteria that synthesize biosurfactants are Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Antarctobacter, Rhodococcus, Halomonas, Alcanivorax, Pseudoalteromonas and Marinobacter. This review examines the structure and function of biosurfactants isolated from marine microorganisms.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Structure, and Function of Human Adenovirus Small Non-Coding RNAs

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Tanel Punga ◽  
Mahmoud Darweesh ◽  
Göran Akusjärvi
Keyword(s):  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Efficient Replication ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
And Function ◽  
Structure And Functions

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common pathogens causing a variety of respiratory, ocular and gastrointestinal diseases. To accomplish their efficient replication, HAdVs take an advantage of viral small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), which have multiple roles during the virus lifecycle. Three of the best-characterized HAdV sncRNAs; VA RNA, mivaRNA and MLP-TSS-sRNA will be discussed in the present review. Even though VA RNA has been extensively characterized during the last 60 years, this multifunctional molecule continues to surprise us as more of its structural secrets unfold. Likely, the recent developments on mivaRNA and MLP-TSS-sRNA synthesis and function highlight the importance of these sncRNA in virus replication. Collectively, we will summarize the old and new knowledge about these three viral sncRNAs with focus on their synthesis, structure and functions.

scholarly journals CATEGORIES, STRUCTURE, AND FUNCTION OF FOLKLORE IN LIMA PULUH DISTRICT COMMUNITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Revika Revika ◽  
Yenni Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Educational Tools ◽  
Language Style ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Structure And Functions

The purpose of this study is to determine the categories, structure, and functions of folklore in the MuaroPaitiNagari community. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The results showed that of the 12 folklore found in the Nagari community of MuaroPaiti, there are myths, myths, and fairy tales. The structure of folklore in the village of MuaroPaiti includes plot/plot, character/character, setting, language style, and theme. Meanwhile, the function contained in the folklore of the MuaroPaitiNagari community is as entertainment, projection systems, equipment validating institutions and cultural institutions, and educational tools.

scholarly journals A Proximity Mapping Journey into the Biology of the Mammalian Centrosome/Cilium Complex

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melis Dilara Arslanhan ◽  
Dila Gulensoy ◽  
Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Primary Cilium ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Temporal Interaction ◽  
And Function ◽  
Structure And Functions

The mammalian centrosome/cilium complex is composed of the centrosome, the primary cilium and the centriolar satellites, which together regulate cell polarity, signaling, proliferation and motility in cells and thereby development and homeostasis in organisms. Accordingly, deregulation of its structure and functions is implicated in various human diseases including cancer, developmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. To better understand these disease connections, the molecular underpinnings of the assembly, maintenance and dynamic adaptations of the centrosome/cilium complex need to be uncovered with exquisite detail. Application of proximity-based labeling methods to the centrosome/cilium complex generated spatial and temporal interaction maps for its components and provided key insights into these questions. In this review, we first describe the structure and cell cycle-linked regulation of the centrosome/cilium complex. Next, we explain the inherent biochemical and temporal limitations in probing the structure and function of the centrosome/cilium complex and describe how proximity-based labeling approaches have addressed them. Finally, we explore current insights into the knowledge we gained from the proximity mapping studies as it pertains to centrosome and cilium biogenesis and systematic characterization of the centrosome, cilium and centriolar satellite interactomes.

scholarly journals Resuscitation of the microbial seed bank alters plant-soil interactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venus Kuo ◽  
Brent K. Lehmkuhl ◽  
Jay T. Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Fungal Abundance ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
And Function ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

ABSTRACTWhile microorganisms are recognized for driving belowground processes that influence the productivity and fitness of plant populations, the vast majority of bacteria and fungi in soil belong to a “seed bank” made up of dormant individuals. Still, plant performance may be affected by microbial dormancy through its effects on the activity, abundance, and diversity of soil microorganisms. To test how microbial seed banks influence plant-soil interactions, we purified recombinant resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf), a bacterial protein that terminates dormancy. Then, in a factorially designed experiment, we applied the Rpf to soil containing field mustard (Brassica rapa), an agronomically important plant species. We found that plant biomass was ∼33 % lower in the Rpf treatment compared to plants growing in the presence of an unmanipulated microbial seed bank. In addition, Rpf reduced soil respiration, decreased bacterial abundance, and increased fungal abundance. These effects of Rpf on plant performance were accompanied by shifts in bacterial community composition, which may have diluted mutualists or resuscitated pathogens. Our findings suggest that changes in microbial seed banks may influence the magnitude and direction of plant-soil feedbacks in ways that affect above- and below-ground biodiversity and function.

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