scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy Technique: A Non-Invasive Tool in Celiac Disease Diagnosis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1277
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Acri ◽  
Claudio Romano ◽  
Stefano Costa ◽  
Salvatore Pellegrino ◽  
Barbara Testagrossa
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Spectroscopy Technique ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Duodenal Lesions

Celiac disease (CD) is diagnosed by a combination of specific serology and typical duodenal lesions. The histological confirmation of CD, mandatory in the majority of patients with suspected CD, is based on invasive and poorly tolerated procedures, such as upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. In this study we propose an alternative and non-invasive methodology able to confirm the diagnosis of CD based on the analysis of serum samples using the Raman spectroscopy technique. Three different bands centered at 1650, 1450 and 1003 cm−1 have been considered and the A1450/A1003 and A1650/A1003 ratios have been computed to discriminate between CD and non-CD subjects. The reliability of the methodology was validated by statistical analysis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Youden index was also determined to obtain optimal cut-off points. The obtained results highlighted that the proposed methodology was able to distinguish between CD and non-CD subjects with 98% accuracy. The optimal cut-off points revealed, for both the A1450/A1003 and A1650/A1003 ratios, high values of sensitivity and specificity (>95.0% and >92.0% respectively), confirming that Raman spectroscopy may be considered a valid alternative to duodenal biopsy and demonstrates spectral changes in the secondary structures of the protein network.

scholarly journals Serum microRNAs are non-invasive biomarkers for the presence and progression of subarachnoid haemorrhage

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nian-sheng Lai ◽  
Jia-qi Zhang ◽  
Fei-yun Qin ◽  
Bin Sheng ◽  
Xing-gen Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Serum Micrornas

miRNAs are important regulators of translation and have been associated with the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular diseases including stroke and may be possible prognostic biomarkers. The purpose of the present study was to determine the expression levels of miRNAs in the sera of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) patients and to evaluate their relationships with the severity and clinical outcome of SAH. Serum samples on day 3 after the onset of SAH were subjected to microarray analysis with Exqion miRCURYTM LNA array and quantitative PCR analysis. Serum samples from SAH patients (n=60) and healthy controls (n=10) were subjected to quantitative PCR analysis. The severities and clinical outcomes of the SAH patients were evaluated with the WFNS grade and the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Three miRNAs, miR-502-5p, miR-1297 and miR-4320 were significantly up-regulated in the sera of SAH patients when compared with the healthy controls. The serum miR-502-5p and miR-1297 levels were significantly higher in the patients with severe SAH and a poor outcome than in those with mild SAH and a good outcome (P<0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) of miR-502-5p, miR-1297 and miR-4320 to distinguish the SAH patients from the healthy controls were 0.958 (P<0.001), 0.950 (P<0.001) and 0.843 (P<0.001) respectively. Taken together, these results indicate that miR-502-5p and miR-1297 are potentially valuable indicators of the diagnosis, severity and prognosis of SAH, and miR-4320 was a potentially valuable indicator of the diagnosis of SAH.

scholarly journals Analysis of serum by Raman spectroscopy finds changes in blood metabolites of cancer patients in 45 seconds.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 57-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Ito ◽  
Tomokazu Miyazaki ◽  
Naoyuki Uragami ◽  
Noboru Yokoyama ◽  
Haruhiro Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Scattering Spectra ◽  
Raman Scattering Spectra ◽  
Spectral Intensities

57 Background: Cancer is an important disease that accounts for many of the causes of death worldwide, and early diagnosis is important for improving treatment results. In medical care, blood test is a simple and excellent test method, but there is still no cancer blood diagnosis method with high accuracy that can be performed in general hospitals. We are trying to detect cancer patients by analyzing serum using Raman spectroscopy. Methods: Among the outpatients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or colonoscopy, 236 subjects who agreed to participate in the study were included. Raman scattering spectra were measured by irradiating a 1064 nm wavelength laser for 15 seconds with serum collected from the subject before endoscopic examination. The average value measured a total of three times was taken as the measured value, and the three measured values were averaged to obtain the value of each examinee. In the obtained Raman scattering spectra, the scattering spectral intensities of the wavelength originating in the specific molecules were analyzed. Results: We were able to obtain clear Raman scattering spectra of all serum samples. When comparing the Raman scattering spectral intensities of the wavelength originating in specific molecules, a large number of serum measurement values were gathered at the center, and the measurement values of the cancer patients' serum were over low or high. By setting the appropriate cutoff line, cancer patients (gastric cancer or colon cancer) and non-cancerous persons could be relatively clearly distinguished (sensitivity, 100%; Specificity, 75%). Conclusions: Our micro Raman system is able to acquire Raman scattering spectra of serum samples. Furthermore, it has been suggested that cancer diagnosis using serum could be possible by comparing the scattering spectral intensities caused by specific molecules. Clinical trial information: UMIN000034306.

scholarly journals Raman spectroscopy as a non-invasive diagnostic technique for endometriosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Parlatan ◽  
Medine Tuna Inanc ◽  
Bahar Yuksel Ozgor ◽  
Engin Oral ◽  
Ercan Bastu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Unseen Data ◽  
Invasive Method

AbstractEndometriosis is a condition in which the endometrium, the layer of tissue that usually covers the inside of the uterus, grows outside the uterus. One of its severe effects is sub-fertility. The exact reason for endometriosis is still unknown and under investigation. Tracking the symptoms is not sufficient for diagnosing the disease. A successful diagnosis can only be made using laparoscopy. During the disease, the amount of some molecules (i.e., proteins, antigens) changes in the blood. Raman spectroscopy provides information about biochemicals without using dyes or external labels. In this study, Raman spectroscopy is used as a non-invasive diagnostic method for endometriosis. The Raman spectra of 94 serum samples acquired from 49 patients and 45 healthy individuals were compared for this study. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), k- Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) were used in the analysis. According to the results (using 80 measurements for training and 14 measurements for the test set), it was found that kNN-weighted gave the best classification model with sensitivity and specificity values of 80.5% and 89.7%, respectively. Testing the model with unseen data yielded a sensitivity value of 100% and a specificity value of 100%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which Raman spectroscopy was used in combination with PCA and classification algorithms as a non-invasive method applied on blood sera for the diagnosis of endometriosis.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Yield of Routine Duodenal Biopsies in Iron Deficiency Anemia for Celiac Disease Diagnosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houria Chellat ◽  
Mouna Salihoun ◽  
Nawal Kabbaj ◽  
Leila Amrani ◽  
Ilham Serraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Duodenal Lesions ◽  
Obscure Origin ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Background. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a recognised feature of celiac disease (CD) in adults and can be its only presentation. Aim. To define the prevalence of CD in Moroccan adult patients with IDA of obscure origin and to determine the yield of small bowel biopsy performed during routine endoscopy. Methods. 437 patients with IDA of obscure origin were included. 4 endoscopic mucosal biopsies were taken from the second part of duodenum and 2 biopsies from antrum and fundus, respectively. Endoscopic aspect and severity of anemia were correlated with histological diagnoses using coefficient Kappa. Results. 29 out of 437 patients (6.63%) had CD. Endoscopic aspect was normal in 66%, a mosaic pattern of mucosa in 17%, and scalloping of the small bowel folds in 17%. 12 patients had Marsh III, 8 had Marsh II, 6 had Marsh I, and 3 had Marsh IV lesions. There was no correlation between degree of anemia, endoscopic aspect, and severity of duodenal lesions . Conclusion. Routine duodenal biopsy gives an additional 6.63% diagnostic benefit of CD and should be indicated in all patients with IDA. The finding of normal endoscopic appearance of mucosa should not preclude duodenal biopsies.

scholarly journals Based on Serum Raman and Fluorescence Spectra to Diagnose Liver Cancer

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanhong Ou ◽  
Xien Yang ◽  
Weiye Yang ◽  
Liqin Jiang ◽  
Kai Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Biological Studies

Abstract Background: Raman and fluorescence spectra techniques are potential tools for disease diagnosis. In recent years, the application of Raman and fluorescence spectra techniques in biological studies has increased a great deal, and clinical investigations relevant to cancer detection by spectroscopic means have attracted particularly attention from both clinical and non-clinical researchers. Methods: In this article, Raman and fluorescence spectra were employed for the detection of liver cancer and healthy individuals using their serum samples. These serum samples were compared with their spectral features acquired by Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy to initially establish spectral features that can be considered spectral markers of liver cancer diagnosis. Resuits: The intensity differences from characteristic peaks of carotene, protein and lipid associated Raman spectra were clearly observed in liver cancer patient serum samples versus normal human serum. The changes in the serum fluorescence profiles of liver cancer patients were also analyzed. To probe the capacity and contrast of Raman spectroscopy as an analytical implement for the early diagnosis of liver cancer, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the Raman spectra of controls , liver cancer patients and healthy individuals. Furthermore, the Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to compare the diagnostic performance of Raman spectroscopy for the classification of disease samples and healthy samples.Conclusion: Compare with the existing diagnostic techniques, the Raman spectroscopy technique has an excellent advantage in extremely low sample requirements, ease of use and ideal screening procedures. Thus, Raman spectroscopy has great potential to be developed as a powerful tool for distinguishing between healthy and liver cancer serum samples.

scholarly journals Celiac disease prevalence is not increased in patients with functional dyspepsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan LASA ◽  
Liliana SPALLONE ◽  
Silvina GANDARA ◽  
Elsa CHAAR ◽  
Saul BERMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Celiac Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Previous evidence trying to assess the risk of celiac disease among dyspeptic patients has been inconclusive, showing in some cases notorious discrepancies. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of celiac disease in patients with dyspepsia compared to healthy controls without dyspepsia. METHODS Adult patients under evaluation for dyspepsia were invited to participate. These patients were offered an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with duodenal biopsies. On the other hand, asymptomatic adult volunteers who performed a preventive visit to their primary care physician were invited to participate and agreed to undertake an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with duodenal biopsies as well. Those patients with histologic signs of villous atrophy were furtherly evaluated and serological tests were performed in order to determine celiac disease diagnosis. Celiac disease prevalence was compared between groups. RESULTS Overall, 320 patients with dyspepsia and 320 healthy controls were recruited. There were no significant differences in terms of gender or age between groups. Celiac disease diagnosis was made in 1.25% (4/320) of patients in the dyspepsia group versus 0.62% (2/320) in the control group. CONCLUSION Patients with dyspepsia who underwent routine duodenal biopsies did not show an increased risk for celiac disease when compared to healthy individuals.

scholarly journals Non-invasive depth determination of inclusion in biological tissues using spatially offset Raman spectroscopy with external calibration

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (23) ◽  
pp. 7623-7629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mosca ◽  
Priyanka Dey ◽  
Marzieh Salimi ◽  
Francesca Palombo ◽  
Nick Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
External Calibration ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Depth Determination

Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS) allows chemical characterisation of biological tissues at depths enabling in vivo localization of biomarkers for early disease diagnosis.

scholarly journals P113 Serum adipokines as non-invasive biomarker in Crohn’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S192-S192
Author(s):  
L Ortega Moreno ◽  
A Sanz-Garcia ◽  
M J Fernández de la Fuente ◽  
R Arroyo Solera ◽  
M Chaparro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Leptin

Abstract Background Adipose tissue wrapping the gastrointestinal tract is a risk factor for disease activity in Crohn’s disease (CD). Indeed, adipokines associated to lipid metabolism can modulate local immune responses. However, few studies have investigated the possible association between adipokines and CD. Here, we aimed to evaluate the role of serum adipokines as possible biomarkers in CD. Methods Serum samples were obtained from 18 patients with endoscopically active CD (aCD), 22 patients with endoscopically quiescent CD (qCD) and 36 non-inflamed healthy controls (HC). Serum leptin, ghrelin, resistin and adiponectin were analysed by Multiplex (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) in a Luminex 200 system technology. Adipokines means for each group of patients were compared and adjusted by Bonferroni or Wilcoxon tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were carried on to evaluate the discriminatory capacity of the adipokines levels between patients groups. Furthermore, for those adipokines that showed an AUC &gt; 0.7, a binary logistic regression adjusted by possible confounders (i.e. sex, age and BMI) was performed in order to test their possible association with CD. Results No differences were found in age, sex or BMI among aCD, qCD and HC; there was no correlation either among the adipokines analysed. Means distribution for serum resistin was different among aCD, qCD and HC (p = 0.006). However, only comparisons between HC and aCD groups showed significant differences (p = 0.02) in the post hoc test. Serum leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin did not show differences between means. ROC curve for resistin showed an AUC of 0.78, with a standard error (SE) of 0.067 when HC and aCD groups were analysed (Figure 1). Furthermore, in this case, as sensitivity and specificity for Youden index correspond to the resistin median concentration, this value was selected as a cut-off for the binary logistic regression analysis; thus, odds ratio (OR) along with their 95% confidence interval (CI) analysis of high relative resistin levels (values higher than their median) adjusted by age, sex and BMI yielded a value of 5.46 (1.34–22.14) when aCD group was compared with HC group. Comparison between qCD and aCD showed an AUC of 0.70 with an SE of 0.089. However, ROC curve did not show a good accuracy when HC and qCD groups were analysed (AUC = 0.58; SE = 0.08). ROC curves analysis for leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin did not show enough accuracy to discriminate between groups. Conclusion Resistin may modulate the inflammation state in CD and it is probably associated to activity, being this association independent of sex, age or BMI.

scholarly journals Higher cut-off values of non-invasive methods might be needed to detect moderate-to-severe steatosis in morbid obese patients: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Braz Parente ◽  
Hugo Perazzo ◽  
Fernando Fernandes Paiva ◽  
Carlos Frederico Ferreira Campos ◽  
Carlos José Saboya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fatty Liver Index ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis Index

Abstract To evaluate the diagnostic value of described thresholds of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and biomarker scores for liver steatosis and to evaluate new cut-offs to detect moderate-to-severe steatosis (S2–3) in patients with morbid obesity. In this prospective study, 32 patients with morbid obesity with indications for bariatric surgery (15 women and 17 men, mean age = 36 years, median BMI = 40.2 kg/m2) underwent CAP, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), three biomarker scores (Steato-ELSA, Fatty Liver Index (FLI), and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI)), and liver biopsy. Subjects were divided into an exploratory cohort (reliable CAP and liver biopsy) and a confirmatory cohort (reliable CAP and MRS) to evaluate new thresholds for CAP and biomarker scores to detect S2–3. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves analyses were performed and the optimal cut-off points were identified using the maximal Youden index. A total of 22 patients had CAP measure and liver biopsy (exploratory cohort) and 24 patients had CAP measure with MRS (confirmatory cohort). New cut-offs were identified for detection of S2–3 by the non-invasive tests using liver biopsy as the reference standard (exploratory cohort). Considering the new proposed cut-offs for detection of S2–3 for CAP (≥ 314 dB/m), Steato-ELSA (≥ 0.832), FLI (≥ 96), and HSI (≥ 53), for the exploratory and confirmatory cohorts sensitivities were: 71–75%, 86–81%, 85–81%, and 71–69% and specificities were: 94–89%, 75–63%, 63–63%, and 75–88%, respectively. Higher cut-offs for CAP and biomarker scores may be better to diagnose moderate-to-severe steatosis in patients with morbid obesity.

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