scholarly journals Resilience of Urban Technical Networks

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 886
Author(s):  
Serban Raicu ◽  
Eugen Rosca ◽  
Dorinela Costescu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Random Events ◽  
Signal Graph ◽  
Network Functionality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concise Expression

The need to overcome the insulated treatment of urban technical infrastructures according to the nature of the transferred flows is argued. The operation of urban technical networks is affected by endogenous and exogenous random events with consequences for users. By identifying these operational risks and the difficulties of estimating the impact on the performance of the urban technical networks, the authors chose to study the risk management through a concise expression—in relation to the engineering resilience and its connections with vulnerability. Further, the research is confined to the case of urban traffic networks for which the resilience is expressed by the capabilities of these networks of resistance and risk absorption (both motivated by the redundancy in design and execution). The dynamics of the network, in correlation with the resistance and absorption capacities, is introduced by three states for which the signal graph is built. In a stationary regime, the probability of each state is computed. These probabilities allow the calculation of the entropy of the network, relevant for assessing the preservation of the network functionality.

The Impact of Quantitative versus Qualitative Risk Reporting on Risk Professionals' Strategic and Operational Risk Judgments

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dale Stoel ◽  
Brian Ballou ◽  
Dan L. Heitger
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
Managerial Accounting ◽  
Strategic Risk ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Enterprise Risk ◽  
Managerial Perceptions ◽  
Perceived Relevance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Reporting

SYNOPSIS Enterprise risk management (ERM) programs are an emerging component of managerial accounting that enable senior management to manage critical threats to the organization and identify strategic opportunities to exploit. A growing area of debate within ERM involves the extent to which risk reports should be assessed qualitatively or measured quantitatively (Risk and Insurance Management Society [RIMS] 2012). In many settings, quantitative reports are used and appear to be preferred due to their precision. Additional research suggests, however, that the directional nature of qualitative reports might fit better with senior management's cognitive expectations when considering strategic risks. We conduct an experiment that manipulates risk reporting format (quantitative versus qualitative) across both strategic and operational settings to examine their impact on risk management professionals' perceptions related to the preparer of the reports and the underlying quality of the information. We find that qualitative (quantitative) report information has a positive (negative) indirect association with managerial perceptions regarding strategic risk management activities. Specifically, in the strategic risk setting, the choice of format is directly associated with the perceived reliability and perceived relevance of the risk information. However, we do not find this relationship in the setting where risk reports focus on operational risks. These findings suggest that senior management favors qualitative information for strategic risks, whereas they are skeptical about quantitative measures for complex strategic risks.

scholarly journals Supply Chain Management and Risk Management in an Environment of Stochastic Uncertainty (Retail)

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Lochan ◽  
Tatiana P. Rozanova ◽  
Valery V. Bezpalov ◽  
Dmitry V. Fedyunin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Bullwhip Effect ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Stochastic Uncertainty ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
The Impact

In the context of stochastic uncertainty and the increasing complexity of logistics processes in the retail sector, managers face a problem in obtaining accurate forecasts for the dynamics of changes in key business performance indicators. The purpose of the present work is to assess the impact of risk events and unstable conditions on the level of quality of supply chain services and economic indicators of the retail trade network. Using the anyLogistix software tool, a simulation model was constructed that allows assessing operational risks and their impact on key indicators of the supply chain using the bullwhip effect. Besides, a statistical model of the impact of the ripple effect in the event of failures caused by the occurrence of a man-made risk event and the shutdown of production of one of the suppliers on the financial, customer, and operational performance indicators of the supply chain of grocery retail. The results obtained show that the main factors of changes in the supply chain are operational risks associated with fluctuations in demand and order execution time by the distribution center. With a sufficiently high level of occurrence, their impact on productivity and quality of service is low because they can be eliminated in a short time. The simulation results show that the most tangible risks for the food retail supply chain are supply chain failures, whose consequences require significant coordinating efforts and longer recovery times, as well as additional investments. For example, events, such as a fire in one distribution center and the shutdown of production for 1 week of one of the suppliers of dairy products will lead to the loss of USD 181.75 million by the grocery retailer, which is 3% of the expected revenue. We believe that risk management in supply chains is becoming increasingly complex, and to make effective managerial decisions, it is necessary to constantly improve the tools that combine analytical and optimization methods, as well as simulation modeling.

Identifying critical links in urban traffic networks: a partial network scan algorithm

Kybernetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Yang ◽  
Lanfen Liu ◽  
Yinzhen Li ◽  
Ruichun He
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Network ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impact Area ◽  
Critical Links ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Link

Purpose – Critical links in traffic networks are those who should be better protected because their removal has a significant impact on the whole network. So, the purpose of this paper is to identify the critical links of traffic networks. Design/methodology/approach – This paper proposes the definition of the critical link for an urban traffic network and establishes mathematical model for determining critical link considering the travellers’ heterogeneous risk-taking behavior. Moreover, in order to improve the computational efficiency, the impact area of a link is quantified, a partial network scan algorithm for identifying the critical link based on the impact area is put forward and the efficient paths-based assignment algorithm is adopted. Findings – The proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the search space for determining the most critical links in traffic network. Numerical results also demonstrate that the structure of efficient paths has significant impact on identifying the critical links. Originality/value – This paper identifies the critical links by using a bi-level programming approach and proposes a partial network scan algorithm for identifying critical links accounting for travellers’ heterogeneous risk-taking behavior.

scholarly journals Risks of Banking Services’ Digitalization: The Practice of Diversification and Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4040
Author(s):  
Francisco Zabala Aguayo ◽  
Beata Ślusarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Operational Risk ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
External Risk ◽  
Diversification Management ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to investigate threats that might occur in diversification management, operational risks of banking services in the process of digitalization, as well as the impact on customers and banks. The right choice of a risk management model for a bank plays an important role in the sustainable development of competitiveness and the transformation of banking activities in the future. This work assesses bank risks and determines information risks in relation to the total capital of Santander Bank of Spain. The authors adapted an operational risk management (ORM) model to minimize the risks of the bank’s digitalization and upcoming operational risks. The ratio of the total operational risk to the total bank’s capital was 0.65%, which is below the permissible minimum value and is acceptable. Based on this indicator, diversification of business risks can be applied. As a result of the study, the total value of operational risks was calculated and the acceptability of this indicator to the capital of Santander Bank was assessed, which allowed the authors to assess whether the value was critical. In addition, it was also revealed that the main external risk of Santander Bank in 2018 was fraud in the use of online payments. The results might help to more effectively evaluate insurance payments for identified operational risks and effectively make decisions and optimize reporting documents of banks.

scholarly journals RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH TO LABOR PROTECTION AT GRAIN PROCESS ENTERPRISES

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
O. FESENKO ◽  
V. LYSYUK ◽  
Z. SAKHAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Labor Protection ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Iso 31000 ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oriented Approach

The article focuses on the introduction of a risk-oriented approach to labor protection at the enterprises of the grain processing industry. Such an approach is imperative in modern conditions in accordance with the Concept of reforming the system of labor protection management. This will involve the introduction of the proactive principle of “preventive actions” (prevention of hazardous events and situations) instead of the existing reactive principle of “corrective actions” (response to hazardous events and situations). A risk-oriented approach to occupational safety and health is the basis for the formation of a new national system for prevention of the operational risks. In the grain process enterprises, which have agreed their policy on labor protection with international standards, there has been an increase and improvement of the responsibility and competency of the ordinary employees and managers in the safety field, the risk of on-the-job injury has decreased. Improvement of the system of labor protection and risk management at enterprises should be carried out according to State Standard (DSTU) ISO 31000:2018 “Risk Management. Guidelines (ISO 31000:2018, IDT))”. The purpose of the standard is to reduce operational risks to an acceptable level. The main stages of the risk management process are presented. Identification of hazards, risk assessment, definition of security measures is a constituent and integral part of such a system. This is necessary to identify and understand the dangers that may arise in the course of an enterprise's activity, to assess the risk arising from a particular hazard, and to take measures to reduce the probability of occurrence of hazards. At the enterprises of the grain process industry, the identification of hazards consists in the definition of all objects, situations or actions (or their combination) that are inherent in an enterprise's activities and present a potential threat to the health and life of workers. At the same time, the different types of works and situations are considered in order to identify the dangers that are constantly present in normal working conditions, as well as the hazards, the impact of which is possible in case of deviation from normal working conditions and emergencies. Examples of possible hazardous factors at such enterprises are given. The adequacy of the existing security measures, the need for heir improvement or the introduction of other security measures are determined based on the results of the risk assessment.

scholarly journals Operational Risk Analysis Based on Enterprise Risk Management Approach (ERM) in Export Document Service Company (Case Study at CV Tarukalpa Dewata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Intan Diana Wahyuni ◽  
◽  
I Made Sudana ◽  
P Dyah Hudiananingsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Enterprise Risk Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Enterprise Risk ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Technological Constraints ◽  
The Impact

Every company in carrying out its operational activities will definitely face a risk. The various possible risks that can be experienced by the company in carrying out its operational activities need to be managed and controlled by carried out risk management. The implementation of risk management is expected to assist companies in identified, analyzed, assessed, and controlled risks and the impact of risks. One approach that can be used to perform risk management is Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). This research aims to analyze operational risks that occurred at CV Tarukalpa Dewata based on an Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) approach by identified risks, risk assessments, efforts to respond the risks and carry out risk controls to find out what actions must be taken to minimize the possibility of risks and impact risk. This research used a qualitative descriptive research method by collecting data through interviews, observations and questionnaires. The results showed that in the operational activities of CV Tarukalpa Dewata there were seventeen possible risks consisting of four risks originating from human resources owned by the company, five risks that occurred in the process of making export documents, two risks that occurred due to technological constraints, and six external risks. The results of the risk assessment showed that there were three levels of risk that occurred in the operational activities of CV Tarukalpa Dewata namely moderate, low, and very low. Responses to existing risks are carried out by monitoring, controlling management, and paying special attention (urgent) in the company's operational activities.

scholarly journals Risk Management In The Supply Chain: Characterization And Empirical Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lhoussaine Ouabouch ◽  
Gilles Pache
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Supply Chain Risks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

Along any supply chain, a multitude of more or less critical incidents may prevent a company from obtaining the expected level of logistical performance. Knowing how to anticipate and manage supply chain risks is therefore an important approach to maintain a competitive advantage. The target of this article is to evaluate the impact of the risks in relation to the functioning of a supply chain on its logistical performance. For such needs, a survey was administered with 158 Moroccan manufacturers. The data collected allows to successively measure the impacts of the risks linked to the management of the upstream supply chain, of operational risks and risks linked to the management of the downstream supply chain on the logistical performance.

The Impact of Shariah Governance and Corporate Governance on the Risk Management Practices: Evidence from Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sabri Embi ◽  
Zurina Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Shariah Governance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Shariah governance and corporate governance (CG) on the risk management practices (RMPs) of local Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. The Shariah governance comprises the Shariah review (SR) and Shariah audit (SA) variables. The study also evaluates the level of RMPs, CG, SR, and SA between these two type of banks. With the aid of SPSS version 20, the items for RMPs, CG, SR, and SA were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the PCA, one component or factor was extracted each for the CG, SR, and RMPs while another two factors were extracted for the SA. Primary data was collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The questionnaire covers four aspects ; CG, SR, SA, and RMPs. The data received from the 300 usable questionnaires were subjected to correlation and regression analyses as well as an independent t-test. The result of correlation analysis shows that all the four variables have large positive correlations with each other indicating a strong and significant relationship between them. From the regression analysis undertaken, CG, SR, and SA together explained 52.3 percent of the RMPs and CG emerged as the most influential variable that impacts the RMPs. The independent t-test carried out shows that there were significant differences in the CG and SA between the local and foreign Islamic banks. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of the bank in relation to SR and RMPs. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge and is beneficial to academicians, industry players, regulators, and other stakeholders.

The impact of subway operation on urban traffic: A GRA-BNs based study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Lixin Yan ◽  
Tao Zeng ◽  
Yubing Xiong ◽  
Zhenyun Li ◽  
Qingmei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Traffic Security ◽  
Structural Network ◽  
Random Decision Forest ◽  
Roc Area ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
The Impact

With the development of urbanization, urban traffic has exposed many problems. To study the subway’s influence on urban traffic, this paper collects data on traffic indicators in Nanchang from 2008 to 2018. The research is carried out from three aspects: traffic accessibility, green traffic, and traffic security. First, Grey Relational Analysis is used to select 18 traffic indicators correlated with the subway from 22 traffic indicators. Second, the data is discretized and learned based on Bayesian Networks to construct the structural network of the subway’s influence. Third, to verify the reliability of using GRA and the effectiveness of Bayesian Networks (GRA-BNs), Bayesian Networks with full indicators analysis and other four algorithms (Naive Bayes, Random Decision Forest, Logistic and regression) are employed for comparison. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area, true positive (TP) rate, false positive (FP) rate, precision, recall, F-measure, and accuracy are utilized for comparing each situation. The result shows that GRA-BNs is the most effective model to study the impact of the subway’s operation on urban traffic. Then, the dependence relations between the subway and each index are analyzed by the conditional probability tables (CPTs). Finally, according to the analysis, some suggestions are put forward.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document