scholarly journals A Survey of Information Entropy Metrics for Complex Networks

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Yamila M. Omar ◽  
Peter Plapper
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Further Development

Information entropy metrics have been applied to a wide range of problems that were abstracted as complex networks. This growing body of research is scattered in multiple disciplines, which makes it difficult to identify available metrics and understand the context in which they are applicable. In this work, a narrative literature review of information entropy metrics for complex networks is conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Existing entropy metrics are classified according to three different criteria: whether the metric provides a property of the graph or a graph component (such as the nodes), the chosen probability distribution, and the types of complex networks to which the metrics are applicable. Consequently, this work identifies the areas in need for further development aiming to guide future research efforts.

scholarly journals Cooperatives and Social Capital: A Narrative Literature Review and Directions for Future Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Isabel Saz-Gil ◽  
Ignacio Bretos ◽  
Millán Díaz-Foncea
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

How cooperatives generate and absorb social capital has attracted a great deal of attention due to the fact that they are collective organizations owned and democratically managed by their members, and, accordingly, are argued to be closely linked to the nature and dynamics of social capital. However, the extant literature and knowledge on the relationship between cooperatives and social capital remain unstructured and fragmented. This paper aims to provide a narrative literature review that integrates both sides of the relationship between cooperatives and social capital. On the one hand, one side involves how cooperatives create internal social capital and spread it in their immediate environment, and, on the other hand, it involves how the presence of social capital promotes the creation and development of cooperatives. In addition, our theoretical framework integrates the dark side of social capital, that is, how the lack of trust, reciprocal relationships, transparency, and other social capital components can lead to failure of the cooperative. On the basis of this review, we define a research agenda that synthesizes key trends and promising research avenues for further advancement of theoretical and empirical insights about the relationship between cooperatives and social capital, placing particular emphasis on rural and agricultural cooperatives.

Ambidextrous leadership: a narrative literature review for theory development and directions for future research

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kafetzopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Leadership Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Ambidextrous Leadership

PurposeThis study seeks to provide a narrative literature review of existing empirical research, in order to better understand the processes and theory of ambidextrous leadership, as well as its influence on followers, employees and organizations.Design/methodology/approachData from 26 studies were extracted and synthesied providing a critical discussion about the methodological and theoretical aspects of the studies identified in the review.FindingsIt was revealed the attributes for an effective ambidextrous leader, it was presented the recently proposed concept of ambidextrous leadership theory and it was noticed the main criticisms against the findings of the extant ambidextrous leadership literature. It was also identified many research gaps in the literature which in turn can guide academics in the development of ambidextrous leadership.Research limitations/implicationsThe ambidextrous leadership theory represents a novel and unique approach to the domain of leadership for creativity and innovation. It is shared across hierarchical levels throughout the organization. Leaders have a significant effect on employees' behaviors and should determine its applicability to different situations. Organizations require ambidextrous managers who combine flexible, situational and versatile leadership styles developing ever increasingly new and divergent ideas. Many research gaps in the literature were also identified that can guide academics in the development of ambidextrous leadership.Practical implicationsUnderstanding that ambidextrous leadership is required to significantly influence ambidexterity and innovation allows organizations to direct their leadership selection and development.Originality/valueThis review contributes to the ambidextrous leadership literature by creating a holistic picture of where it has been and where it should go.

scholarly journals Coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leepile A. Sehularo ◽  
Boitumelo J. Molato ◽  
Isaac O. Mokgaola ◽  
Gopolang Gause
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is understandable that nurses are working under stressful conditions. A successful use of effective coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic will help nurses to manage stressful conditions.Aim: The objective of this narrative literature review was to explore and describe the coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: This study was conducted from all available literature related to the coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic globally.Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted to answer researchers’ concern of coping strategies used by nurses during COVID-19. The purposive sampling technique was used to select three online databases that were used to search for the relevant literature, namely Google Scholar, Science Direct and African Journals (formerly SAePublications). Search terms used to conduct this study include coping, coping strategies, nurses, nursing and COVID-19 pandemic. This study included English studies focusing on coping strategies used by nurses during COVID-19 published between 2019 and 2021. The study excluded newspaper articles, conference reports and other databases not mentioned in this study.Results: The findings identified the following strategies: use of COVID-19 protective measures, avoidance strategy, social support, faith-based practices, psychological support and management support are used by nurses as coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: The use of the identified coping strategies by nurses may reduce stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations were made for future research, nursing education and practice.Contribution: This is the first narrative literature review focusing on the coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this narrative literature review provide insight that may be used by nurses of all categories to cope during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Music in the workplace: A narrative literature review of intervention studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Raglio ◽  
Enrico Oddone ◽  
Lara Morotti ◽  
Yasmin Khreiwesh ◽  
Chiara Zuddas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Therapy Interventions

AbstractBackgroundMusic is widely used in clinical and rehabilitative fields and recently also in the field of Occupational Medicine. This review aims at selecting the evidence-based studies regarding music interventions in workplaces.MethodsIn order to carry out a narrative literature review, two independent pairs of investigators searched in PubMed and PsycInfo databases to select Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) or Clinical Controlled Trials (CCTs) in English regarding music and music therapy interventions in workplaces; the trials were published in peer-reviewed journals from January 2000 to February 2017.ResultsFourteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Among these, ten were RCTs and four CCTs. The vast majority of RCTs were conducted on students or medical personnel (n=8), while only a few RCTs (n=2) were carried out on air traffic controllers or sick leave workers. Firefighters, computer systems developers, nursing students and office workers were studied through a CCT study design (n=4).ConclusionsPsychological factors, communication, rehabilitative outcomes and cognitive and work performances seem to be the principal areas of interest in the field of music and occupational medicine, with possible economic benefits. Future studies should adopt rigorous methodological criteria to carry out larger samples on a wide range of professional categories and music/music therapy interventions.

scholarly journals THE ‘SOCIAL’ IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION: SOCIAL MEDIA ENABLED POLITICAL DISCOURSE, ENGAGEMENT AND MOBILIZATION IN INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Darshan B.M ◽  
Kalyani Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Purpose of the study: The advent of digital media along with the recent boom of smartphones has changed the atlas of communication. The ubiquity of Social media has led to its increased use in all aspects of communication as against conventional media. Politics is not an exception. The role of social media in political discourses, engagement, and mobilization is widely realized and practiced and has become an important mode of political communication in India. In this paper, we explore the current academic corpus on political communication in the context of social media. Methodology: The narrative literature review method proposed by Green, Johnson, and Adams (2006) was employed as the method for this article. Relevant peer-reviewed papers published during the period 2011-18 were considered for the narrative review. Appropriate papers were selected by a Google Scholar search using the keywords ‘Social media’, ‘India’ and ‘political communication. Main Findings: The broad aim of the present paper was to explore the current academic literature in the field of social media and political communication. The narrative literature review undertaken indicates scant work with limited focus on the broader issues. Social media influence on voting behavior and political engagement was the well-explored domain, but the determinants and uniqueness of such communication have not been explored. Applications of this study: The indications from the review showcase that the magnitude and essence of political communication have changed through the years. The spectrum of political communication through social media has a great role in political and civic engagement. This study will be useful to the researchers in the field of mass communication, journalism, and political science. Novelty/Originality of this study: The conventional mainstream media and social media are increasingly showing a pattern of convergence and mutual exclusiveness. One of the critical findings from the review is that the gender domains of social media and political communication in India have not been given much attention and empirical evidence is scanty. Future research in the field of social media in India should focus on the gendered spheres of political communication.     

The presentation, recognition and diagnosis of autism in women and girls

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Driver ◽  
Verity Chester
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Purpose Autistic women and girls have received comparatively less attention within clinical practice and research. Research suggests women tend to be diagnosed later than men, and are more likely to experience misdiagnosis. Design/methodology/approach This paper aims to report a narrative literature review that examines research on the presentation, recognition, and diagnosis of autistic women and girls. Findings Findings suggest that autistic females present differently to males and highlight low recognition of the female presentation of autism among the general public, in social spheres, educational, clinical and forensic settings. This lack of recognition appears to affect the likelihood of females being referred for diagnosis, the reliability of diagnostic assessments and subsequent access to support. Originality/value Recommendations for clinical practice focus on initiatives to increase awareness of the female presentation of autism, improving the diagnostic process for females, increasing female representation within autism training and for future research to support these goals.

High-performance organization: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Tung Do ◽  
Ngoc Khuong Mai
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
High Performance Organization

PurposeThis paper aims to review and synthesize notable literature on high-performance organization (HPO), from which future research directions can be recommended.Design/methodology/approachThis narrative literature review analyzes major HPO literature in popular books and peer-reviewed articles published in English in the period between 1982 and 2019.FindingsThe review revealed that HPO literature has evolved multiple times, illustrating the complex and multifaceted nature of this phenomenon. In particular, literature on HPO has evolved in four phases: (1) definitions and conceptual development of HPO; (2) exploration of approaches to achieve HPO; (3) empirical validation of HPO framework; and (4) complicated research models and designs on HPO. Several research gaps were identified, which definitely hold varying research value and can be seen as potential opportunities for future research.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus of this review is on HPO literature published in English rather than cover all existing literature.Originality/valueIt is among the first studies to review the HPO literature and its evolution. This review also recommends constructive areas for future research on HPO to focus on.

scholarly journals How Do We Assess How Agentic We Are? A Literature Review of Existing Instruments to Evaluate and Measure Individuals' Agency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Cavazzoni ◽  
Alec Fiorini ◽  
Guido Veronese
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Online Searches ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Final Synthesis

AbstractThe importance and centrality of the construct of agency is wellknown amongst social scientists. Yet, there is still little agreement on how this construct should be understood and defined, as demonstrated by the diversity of instruments that are used to investigate it. Indeed, there is no current consensus or standardized methodology to assess agency. This paper provides a synthetic overview of the studies that have evaluated and measured individuals' agency. More specifically, the purpose is to review research that quantitatively investigates the agency of adults, as well as children and youth, across different social contexts. In the process, it offers recommendations to inform future research, practice, and policy. We identified published peer-reviewed studies relating to the assessment of agency across countries and across age through a narrative literature review. The findings were grouped according to whether agency was measured in its most comprehensive conception or in a precise single domain or dimension, which was then discussed separately for children, adults, and women. Of the 3879 studies identified from online searches of the literature and the five additional sources gathered through bibliography mining, 106 qualified for full review, with 34 studies included in the final synthesis. Multiple different instruments were found to be currently adopted or developed to assess agency. The present review offers an exhaustive overview of the different conceptualizations of agency and of the available instruments to assess it, providing critical information for researchers and policymakers to improve intervention and empowerment programs.

Real or Ideal? A Narrative Literature Review Addressing White Privilege in Teacher Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 891-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Bennett ◽  
Melissa K. Driver ◽  
Stanley C. Trent
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

A narrative literature review was conducted to examine how researchers address the concept of White privilege in teacher education using critical race theory. A Boolean search revealed 26 articles met criteria for inclusion. Findings show most researchers ( n = 15, 55%) investigated perceptions of White privilege within individual multicultural education courses and not comprehensively at the teacher education program level. Many White preservice teachers had difficulty connecting race-based privilege with systemic inequities. Implications for future research and training preservice teachers are provided.

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