Effects and Prerequisites of Self-Generation in Inquiry-Based Learning

The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of self-generation in inquiry-based learning and to identify the role of feedback. While open-ended inquiry-based learning with a high degree of self-generation requirements has long been considered optimal for facilitating effective learning, its long-run effects have been critically challenged. This study employed a 3 (learning condition) × 2 (retention interval) mixed factorial design (N = 98). An inquiry activity involving the self-generation of content knowledge with or without subsequent feedback was compared to an inquiry task in which students simply read hypotheses and data interpretations. Self-generation without feedback was subject to rereading and self-generation with feedback. However, no differences were found under the two latter conditions. An additional analysis of individual learners’ abilities revealed that different abilities (e.g., cognitive load, self-generation success) served as predictors of performance in the disparate treatments.

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Peirce on “Substance” and “Foundations”

Peirce's Philosophical Perspectives ◽

10.5422/fordham/9780823216154.003.0007 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 103-116

Author(s):

Vincent G. Potter

Keyword(s):

The Self ◽

Human Knowledge ◽

Traditional Notion ◽

Long Run ◽

Explicit Recognition ◽

Insight Into

This chapter examines Charles Sanders Peirce's take on two puzzling notions: the substantiality of things (including the “self”), and the foundations of human knowledge. In that sense, it also analyzes the three ideas central to Peirce's theory of knowing as continuous inference: the notion of truth, the notion of reality, and the notion of community. First, Peirce adds to the traditional notion of truth a heuristic notion of truth as that upon which the community of inquirers will agree in the long run. In addition, Peirce's account of reality explicitly endorses the scholastic insight into truth and reality as co-extensive. Finally, Peirce's account of truth and of reality requires the explicit recognition of the role of the community. This refers not just to any group of people but to the community of inquirers.

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Crossing Ethical Boundaries in the Pursuit of Passion: How Passion Gaps Cause Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior

10.31234/osf.io/5urw8 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jon Jachimowicz ◽

Zachary Brown ◽

Joel Brockner ◽

Adam Galinsky

Keyword(s):

Organizational Behavior ◽

Unethical Behavior ◽

Sense Of Self ◽

Field Studies ◽

Causal Chain ◽

The Self ◽

Long Run ◽

Chain Analysis ◽

Predicting Success

Many contemporary organizations encourage their employees' pursuit of passion for work. However, we propose that this strategy may simultaneously increase the likelihood their employees engage in unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB), immoral acts that benefit the company. Specifically, we suggest that when employees fall short of desired levels of work passion-i.e., when they experience a "passion gap"-their sense of self is threatened. One way employees deal with the self-threat elicited by passion gaps is by engaging in UPB, which gives them the feeling that they are worthy organizational members. Eight studies (N = 2,695)-including two field studies, an experimental-causal-chain analysis, and two intervention studies-provide support for the proposed relationships between passion gaps, self-threat, and the tendency to engage in UPB. Two interventions highlight factors that directly attenuate the self-threat prompted by passion gaps: (1) having employees engage in self-affirmation, and (2) de-emphasizing the role of passion in predicting success. Our results suggest that organizations' increased emphasis on the pursuit of passion may have an unintended consequence: it leads those employees who fall short of desired levels of passion to engage in unethical behavior designed to help the company, which may harm the organization in the long-run.

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Personal Capitalism and British Industrial Decline: The Personally Managed Firm and Business Strategy in Sheffield, 1880–1920

The Business History Review ◽

10.2307/3117172 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 364-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Roger Lloyd-Jones ◽

Myrddin J. Lewis

Keyword(s):

Business Strategy ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Business Strategies ◽

Business Success ◽

Flexible Technology ◽

Long Run ◽

Industrial Decline ◽

High Degree ◽

Quality Production

Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., has maintained that the persistence of the personally managed firm in Britain may be a cause of that nation's long-run industrial decline. This article contributes to the debate over decline through a detailed exploration of the business role of personally managed firms in a strategic sector of the Second Industrial Revolution: the metal and metal-making trades of Sheffield. Our study shows that the business strategies of Sheffield firms, based on quality production and flexible technology, had close similarities to those of American companies described by scholars such as Philip Scranton. Many of the Sheffield firms were not lacking in enterprise; they demonstrated tenacity and, in certain key segments of the metal trades, enjoyed a high degree of business success. Our examination of personal capitalism in Sheffield suggests that the terms of the debate over Britain's industrial decline may require further refinement.

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An Examination of Self-Pacing Procedures in Human Time Estimation

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1987.64.3c.1231 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 64 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1231-1236 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michel Guay ◽

Alan W. Salmoni

Keyword(s):

Retention Interval ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Intertrial Interval ◽

Time Estimation ◽

The Self ◽

Estimation Performance ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Short Time ◽

Criterion Duration

The main purpose of the present research was to investigate the role of self-pacing trial procedures in time estimation. Auditory durations of 1, 4, and 8 sec. were estimated by 12 subjects under the method of reproduction. Different features of performance were investigated using several dependent variables. When left to themselves, subjects chose a relatively short intertrial interval, the duration of which did not differ across the three criterion durations. This finding seemed best explained as an attempt by the subjects to minimize boredom and maximize alertness. Also, subjects waited for a short time before reproducing the criterion duration, and again this period did not differ across the three criterion durations. A significant relationship was found between the duration of the self-paced intertrial interval and self-paced retention interval for all criterion durations. It appeared that subjects were attempting to maximize their time-estimation performance by either minimizing the retention interval or by developing a trial-interval rhythm. Finally, subjects were more variable in their estimates as the criterion duration increased.

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TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL AND CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (TPACK) FOR OVERCOMING TEACHER PROBLEMS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND CHALLENGES IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Vocational Education (JoMEVE) ◽

10.20961/jomeve.v2i1.28676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Slamet Kurniawan Fahrurozi ◽

Cucuk Wawan Budiyanto ◽

Roemintoyo Roemintoyo

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Content Knowledge ◽

Teacher Development ◽

21St Century ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Effective Learning ◽

Leading Role ◽

Integral Role ◽

The Right

Lately, students have grown up in the environment with technology as one of the important components that become a necessity that cannot be separated from daily activities, including the integral role of technology in the modern class. Although technology can play an important role in restructuring teaching and learning practices, teachers must take a leading role in designing the right learning environment, and carefully choose effective learning media with the aim of getting technology that can facilitate students to learn well. Society has changed from a conventional model of moving information-based, which results in an emphasis on different knowledge and skills. When entering the world of profession, a teacher is expected to be able to prepare students' skills to face the 21st century using digital technology. The method used uses a systematic literature review. The purpose of this literature review is to dig deeper into the issues and challenges in integrating Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) for Professional Teacher Development in the 21st century. This literature review reviews research on TPACK and other literature that reviews the development of quality professional teachers. The findings show that TPACK has a good impact on improving services in teaching and learning to become professional teachers.

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The Role of Self-Similarity for Computer Aided Detection Based on Mammogram Analysis

Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice - Biomedical Diagnostics and Clinical Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-280-0.ch006 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 181-199

Author(s):

Filipe Soares ◽

Mário M. Freire ◽

Manuela Pereira ◽

Filipe Janela ◽

João Seabra

Keyword(s):

The Self ◽

Computer Aided Detection ◽

Self Similarity ◽

Similarity Factor ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Pattern Comparison ◽

High Degree ◽

Image Pattern

The improvement on Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems has reached the point where it is offered extremely valuable information to the clinician, for the detection and classification of abnormalities at the earliest possible stage. This chapter covers the rapidly growing development of self-similarity models that can be applied to problems of fundamental significance, like the Breast Cancer detection through Digital Mammography. The main premise of this work was related to the fact that human tissue is characterized by a high degree of self-similarity, and that property has been found in medical images of breasts, through a qualitative appreciation of the existing self-similarity nature, by analyzing their fluctuations at different resolutions. There is no need to image pattern comparison in order to recognize the presence of cancer features. One just has to compare the self-similarity factor of the detected features that can be a new attribute for classification. In this chapter, the mostly used methods for self-similarity analysis and image segmentation are presented and explained. The self-similarity measure can be an excellent aid to evaluate cancer features, giving an indication to the radiologist diagnosis.

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The role of the family in enhancing the self-confidence of the child as seen by kindergarten teachers

المجلة العربية للعلوم ونشر الأبحاث مجلة العلوم التربوية والنفسية ◽

10.26389/ajsrp.a040417 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Abeer Ali Al Loheikh Al Mutairi

Keyword(s):

Total Population ◽

Training Programs ◽

Kindergarten Teachers ◽

The Self ◽

Self Confidence ◽

The Family ◽

Descriptive Approach ◽

High Degree ◽

Good Deeds

The study aimed to reveal the role of the family in enhancing self confidence in the child, the obstacles faced by the family in achieving this role, and the most important proposals that contribute to the role of the family in enhancing the self-confidence of its children. The study was based on the descriptive approach, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting data and information. The study was limited to surveying the views of a sample of the kindergarten teachers in Riyadh, 320 of whom are teachers, representing 14.47% of the total population. The study reached several results, the most important of which are: The family praised the good deeds of the children, the approval of the sample of the study, to a high degree on seven of the obstacles faced by the family in enhancing the self-confidence of its children in childhood, the most prominent of which is "the scarcity of family training programs in the field of self-confidence development for children ", Sample sample approval ; A high degree on four of the ten proposals that contribute to the family's role in building self-confidence among its people most notably the "Children briefing tenderness and affection by their parents"

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