scholarly journals Analysis and Design of Functional Device for Vehicular Cloud Computing

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilu Wu ◽  
Sha Li ◽  
Shujun Wang ◽  
Yutong Jiang ◽  
Zhengquan Li
Keyword(s):  
Outage Probability ◽  
Relay Selection ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Vehicular Cloud ◽  
Transmission Link

Relay technology application becomes prevalent nowadays, as it can effectively extend the communication distance, especially for vehicular networks with a limited communication range. Combined with vehicular cloud (VC), transmission efficiency can be improved by offloading partial data. Hence, designing a vehicle relay algorithm and implementation embedded vehicle device is critical. In this paper, VC is considered to deal with the complexity computation in our proposed system model. Without a loss of generality, an end-to-end vehicle communication with one assisted vehicle is analyzed firstly on a transmission link based on VC. Here, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the receiving end and link outage probability is obtained to enhance the link reliability. The VC computing helps us further simplify computational complexity. Subsequently, an embedded vehicle-enabled device is designed to achieve the optimal path relay selection in realistic vehicular environments. In the functional device framework, we display an optimal path relay selection algorithm according to the link quality. Finally, the performance of the transmission link on the outage probability related with SNR is verified in the simulation results. Meanwhile, the effect of the relay gain is also analyzed. The application of a vehicle-enabled embedded device could improve the performance of vehicular networks.

scholarly journals Power Optimized Single Relay Selection with an Improved Link-Adaptive-Regenerative Protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Jianrong Bao ◽  
Shenji Luan ◽  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Outage Probability ◽  
Cooperative Communications ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Relay Selection ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Amplify And Forward ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Single Relay

To improve the reliability and efficiency in cooperative communications, a power optimized single relay selection scheme is proposed by increasing the diversity effort with an improved link-adaptive-regenerative (ILAR) protocol. The protocol determines the forwarding power of a relay node by comparing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at both sides of the node; thus it improves the power efficiency. Moreover, it also proposes a single relay selection strategy to maximize the instantaneous SNR product, which ensures the approximate best channel link quality for good relay forwarding. And the system adjusts the forwarding power in real time and also selects the best relay node participated in the cooperative forwarding. In addition, the cooperation in the protocol is analyzed and the approximate expression of the bit-error-rate (BER) and the outage probability at high SNRs are also derived. Simulation results indicate that the BER and outage probability of the relay selection scheme by the ILAR protocol outperform other contrast schemes of current existing protocols. At BER of 10−2, the proposed scheme with ILAR protocol outperforms those of the decoded-and-forward (DF), the selected DF (SDF), and the amplify-and-forward (AF) protocols by 3.5, 3.5 and 7 dB, respectively. Moreover, the outage probability of the relay system decreases with the growth of the relay number. Therefore, the proposed relay selection scheme with ILAR strategies can be properly used in cooperative communications for good reliability and high power efficiency.

scholarly journals Analysis of Packet Diversity in Buffer-Aided Relaying over Symmetric and Asymmetric Rayleigh Fading Channels

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Nasir ◽  
Nadeem Javaid ◽  
Waseem Raza ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Outage Probability ◽  
Fading Channels ◽  
Relay Selection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Packet Delay ◽  
Cooperative Relaying ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Relay Channel ◽  
Amplify And Forward ◽  
Active Channels

In this paper, we propose innovative schemes for relay selection that jointly explore packet selection and relay selection for buffer-aided amplify and forward (AF) cooperative relaying networks. The first proposed scheme chooses the most suitable channel based on link quality from all active channels, i.e., channels with neither empty nor full corresponding buffers. In the second proposed scheme, the most suitable channel is chosen based on buffer status. When the source-relay channel is determined, the corresponding relay collects data in the buffer. Likewise, when the relay-destination channel is picked, the most suitable packet is dispatched from the buffer. The most suitable packet is one that provides the highest end-to-end equivalent signal-to-noise ratio. We simulated the outage probability, average throughput and packet delay and analyzed the proposed protocol for both symmetric and asymmetric channel conditions. Comparison is made against the existing buffer-aided schemes. The results show that the proposed relay and packet selection systems help to reduce the outage probability, diversity gain and delay.

Vehicular Cloud Computing

2014 ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor ◽  
Marwan Aziz Mohammed ◽  
Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar ◽  
Ali Safa Sadiq ◽  
Jaime Lloret
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Cloud Computing ◽  
Vehicular Cloud ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Hoc Networks

Recently, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) have attracted the attention of research communities, leading car manufacturers, and governments due to their potential applications and specific characteristics. Their research outcome was started with awareness between vehicles for collision avoidance and Internet access and then expanded to vehicular multimedia communications. Moreover, vehicles’ high computation, communication, and storage resources set a ground for vehicular networks to deploy these applications in the near future. Nevertheless, on-board resources in vehicles are mostly underutilized. Vehicular Cloud Computing (VCC) is developed to utilize the VANET resources efficiently and provide subscribers safe infotainment services. In this chapter, the authors perform a survey of state-of-the-art vehicular cloud computing as well as the existing techniques that utilize cloud computing for performance improvements in VANET. The authors then classify the VCC based on the applications, service types, and vehicular cloud organization. They present the detail for each VCC application and formation. Lastly, the authors discuss the open issues and research directions related to VANET cloud computing.

Vehicular Clouds

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Ryan Florin ◽  
Stephan Olariu
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Active Area ◽  
Vehicular Cloud ◽  
The Future

Vehicular clouds is an active area of research that has emerged at the nexus of conventional cloud computing and vehicular networks. The defining differences between conventional and vehicular clouds include the heterogeneity and volatility of compute resources and the bandwidth-challenged network fabric. A variety of new architectures and services for vehicular clouds have been proposed, mostly as incremental extensions of the VANET platform. As vehicular cloud research continues and expands, a careful eye should be kept on the restrictions that come with the mobility, limited network, and heterogeneity of resources. The first main contribution of this chapter is to survey recent work of VCs with an eye on the realistic and unrealistic. Our second main goal is to realign the VC community with a realistic vision for the future by spelling out a number of challenges faced by the VC research community.

Intelligent Symbiotic Relay Selection Technique for 5G Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 84-100
Author(s):  
Maryleen U. Ndubuaku ◽  
Kennedy Chinedu Okafor ◽  
Chidiebele Chinwendu Udeze ◽  
Omar Salih
Keyword(s):  
Relay Selection ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Selection Of

The growing demand for bandwidth and spectrum has inspired the ongoing efforts to establish the future 5G network supporting vertical sectors such as cyber-physical systems (CPS). Cooperative communication is one of the requisite techniques to improve coverage, network capacity and reduce power consumption in the network. In this paper, a symbiotic two-phase intelligent transmission is considered. The first phase occurs between the source and the candidate relays, and involves the selection of a set of “reliable relays”. The second phase occurs between the reliable relays and the destination, and involves the selection of the “best relay” for transmission. Dynamic relay selection using k-means clustering is used to detect the most significant correlation between all the channel state information (CSI) attributes in the system. The work identified the reliable relays while reducing the number of relay nodes for the second transmission phase. Contextual scenarios are created with typical network configuration using three geographical locations Coventry, Birmingham and London. An experimental validation is done with Omnet++ environment for the scenarios of three geographical locations. A natural grouping of mobile users is carried out leveraging the relay capabilities. The results are validated using support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm. Considering urban environment deployment of relay nodes, metrics such as signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR), attenuation, signal to noise ratio (SNR), link quality, k-means clustering, accuracy, and root mean square error (RMSE) are investigated for the Direct-2-Direct (D2D) capable relays. It was observed that the proposed technique both outperforms the other fixed-parameter relay selection techniques and improves with larger datasets unlike the other techniques.

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