scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Major Elements in Particulate Matter from In-use Diesel Engine Passenger Vehicles by LIBS

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
Werner Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Spectroscopy Technique ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Major Chemical

In this research we apply a high-resolution optical emission spectroscopy technique for spectrochemical analysis of collected diesel particulate matter. We use the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique (LIBS) for qualitative and quantitative measurements of major chemical elements present in the particulate matter generated from different diesel engine passenger vehicles in use. The high-resolution LIBS technique can instantly measure major chemical elements within the diverse particulate matter matrices.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Minor Chemical Elements in Diesel Particulate Matter by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
Werner Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Diesel Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

In this research, we investigate the minor chemical elements contained in the diesel particulate matter (DPM) exhaust emissions, generated by in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. For this purpose, we apply a high-resolution optical emission spectroscopy technique, for precise spectrochemical analysis of diesel particulate matter. By means of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analytical method, we qualitatively and quantitatively characterise detected minor chemical elements in DPM. Particulate matter samples were obtained from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles of diverse types and models from major brand car producers in Europe. We analysed particulate matter, extracted from the exhaust manifold part, from vehicles, which are used in daily life environment. The LIBS technique has revealed the presence of minor chemical elements in DPM -silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, and molybdenum with diverse concentrations.

scholarly journals Spectrochemical Analytical Characterisation of Particulate Matter Emissions Generated from In-Use Diesel Engine Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Yana Vereshchaga ◽  
Anna Theresia Stadler ◽  
Theresa Roland ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Pollutant emissions from vehicles form major sources of metallic nanoparticles entering the environment and surrounding atmosphere. In this research, we spectrochemically analyse the chemical composition of particle matter emissions from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. We extracted diesel particulate matter from the end part of the tail pipes of more than 70 different vehicles. In the laboratory, we used the high-resolution laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectrochemical analytical technique to sensitively analyse chemical elements in different DPM samples. We found that PM is composed of major, minor and trace chemical elements. The major compound in PM is not strictly carbon but also other adsorbed metallic nanoparticles such as iron, chromium, magnesium, zinc and calcium. Besides the major elements in DPM, there are also minor elements: silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, molybdenum and others. Additionally, in DPM are adsorbed atomic trace elements like barium, boron, cobalt, copper, phosphorus, manganese and platinum. All these chemical elements form the significant atomic composition of real PM from in-use diesel engine vehicles.

scholarly journals Quantification of Minor Chemical Elements in Particulate Matter Collected from In-Use Diesel Engine Passenger Vehicles by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6113
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
Werner Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Internal Calibration ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

This research qualitatively and quantitatively characterises the minor chemical elements in diesel particulate matter (DPM). DPM was extracted from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles of diverse types and models from major brand car producers in Europe. We analysed particulate matter extracted from the exhaust manifold part from passenger vehicles that are used in daily life environment. To qualitatively and quantitatively characterise the DPM, we employed the high-resolution Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy analytical technique (LIBS). Qualitative spectrochemical LIBS analyses confirmed the presence of minor chemical elements—silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, and molybdenum in DPM. For quantification of the LIBS signal, the calibration functions were constructed from internal calibration standards. Different concentrations of detected minor elements Si, Ni, Ti, K, Sr, and Mo were measured with respect to the type of complex particulate matter.

scholarly journals Qualitative Characterisation of Trace Elements in Diesel Particulate Matter from In-Use Diesel Engine Passenger Vehicles by Means of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
Werner Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

In this research, we applied laser-plasma spectroscopy technique for the measurement of trace chemical elements in the exhaust emissions generated from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. We use high resolution laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique for diagnostics of soot and particulate matter (PM). Here we analysed soot and PM, extracted from exhaust manifold part, from different passenger vehicles that are used in daily life environment. The main aim of this study is to reveal the trace chemical elements in different PM matrices. The presence of trace elements in exhaust emissions can originate from different sources: from injected fuel type and fuel additives, engine lubricants, engine combustion process, incomplete catalytic reaction, inefficiency or wear out of PM filtering devices, dysfunctions or failures of engine or vehicle or even information related to polluted intake air.

State of Aircraft Turboshaft Engines by Means of Tribotechnical Diagnostic

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janka Mihalčová
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Friction Regime

AbstractThe contribution describes concrete example of application of tribotechnical methods for the determination of the bearing wear state in aircraft turboshaft engines. Tribotechnical methods, which will be mentioned, deal with qualitative and quantitative characterization of particles occurred in oil. Here belong method optical emission spectrometry method with rotating disc electrode for determination of chemical elements concentration in oil. Method of optical particles counting for detection of particles distribution according to their scale, determination of their number and ferrographic analysis. Exploitation of these methods make it possible to determine quickly and correctly the friction regime and wearing of friction pair that is washed by oil in observed engines.

STUDI PENENTUAN KOMPOSISI OPTIMUM CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL–PETRODIESEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni S. Wirawan dkk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is a viable substitute for petroleum-based diesel fuel. Its advantages are improved lubricity, higher cetane number and cleaner emission. Biodiesel and its blends with petroleum-based diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines without any signifi cant modifi cations to the engines. Data from the numerous research reports and test programs showed that as the percent of biodiesel in blends increases, emission of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) all decrease, but the amount of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and fuel consumption is tend to increase. The most signifi cant hurdle for broader commercialization of biodiesel is its cost. In current fuel price policy in Indonesia (especially fuel for transportation), the higher percent of biodiesel in blend will increase the price of blends fuel. The objective of this study is to assess the optimum blends of biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel fuel from the technically and economically consideration. The study result recommends that 20% biodiesel blend with 80% petroleum-based diesel fuel (B20) is the optimum blend for unmodifi ed diesel engine uses.Keywords: biodiesel, emission, optimum, blend

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