scholarly journals Comparison of Cooling Methods for a Thermoelectric Generator with Forced Convection

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3185
Author(s):  
Young Hoo Cho ◽  
Jaehyun Park ◽  
Naehyuck Chang ◽  
Jaemin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
System Level ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Fan Speed ◽  
Specific Number ◽  
Cooling Methods

A thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a clean electricity generator from a heat source, usually waste heat. However, it is not as widely utilized as other electricity generators due to low conversion efficiency from heat to electricity. One approach is a system-level net power optimization for a TEG system composed of TEGs, heat sink, and fans. In this paper, we propose airflow reuse after cooling preceding TEGs to maximize system net power. For the accurate system net power, we model the TEG system, air, and heat source with proper dimension and material characteristics, and simulate with a computational fluid dynamics program. Next, the TEG power generation and the fan power consumption are calculated in consideration of the Seebeck coefficient and internal electrical resistance varying with hot and cold side temperatures. Finally, we find the optimal number of TEGs and fan speed generating the most efficient system net power in various TEG systems. The results show that the system with a side fan with a specific number of TEGs provides a system net power up to 58.6% higher than when with a top fan. The most efficient system net power with the side fan increases up to four TEGs generating 1.907 W at 13,000 RPM.

scholarly journals Design and implementation of a thermoelectric cogeneration unit

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Shaveen Maharaj
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cellular Phone ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Led Lights ◽  
Cooling Methods

Industrial plants are excellent sources of waste heat and provide many opportunities for energy harvesting using thermo-electric principles. A thermoelectric generator (TEG) is utilized in this study for harvesting expended heat from various sources. The main challenge associated with this type of technology lies in the creation of a sufficient thermal gradient between the hot side and the cold side of the TEG device. This is necessary for the module to generate an appreciable quantity of electrical energy. The performance of the TEG generator is tested using different configurations, different heat sources and different cooling methods. Heat sources included electrically driven devices, gas, biomass and gel fuel. Expended heat from different sites within an industrial environment was also chosen for operating the TEG device. The power produced by the generator is sufficient to operate low power LED lights, a DC radio receiver and a cellular phone charger.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of (Bi2Te3-PbTe) Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Anitha Angeline A ◽  
Jayakumar J
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Maximum Power Output

The performance of (Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-PbTe) hybrid thermoelectric generator (TEG)<strong> </strong>composed of n-type Bismuth Telluride and p-type Lead Telluride semiconductor materials is presented in this paper. <strong> </strong>The effect of different performance parameters such as output voltage, output current, output power, maximum power output, open circuit voltage, Seebeck co-efficient, electrical resistance, thermal conductance, figure of merit, efficiency, heat absorbed and heat removed based on maximum conversion and power efficiency have been theoretically analyzed by varying the hot side temperature of the hybrid thermoelectric generator up to 350<sup>o</sup>C and by varying the cold side temperature from 30<sup>o</sup>C to 150<sup>o</sup>C. The results showed that a maximum power output of 21.7 W has been obtained with the use of one hybrid thermoelectric module for a temperature difference of 320<sup>o</sup>C between the hot and cold side of the thermoelectric generator at matched load resistance. The figure of merit was found to be around 1.28 which makes its usage possible in the intermediate temperature (250<sup>o</sup>C to 350<sup>o</sup>C) applications such as heating of Biomass waste, heat from Biomass cook stoves or waste heat recovery etc. It is also observed that the hybrid thermoelectric generator offers superior performance over 250<sup>o</sup>C of the hot side temperature, compared to standard Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3 </sub>modules.

scholarly journals Configuration Selection of the Multi-Loop Organic Rankine Cycle for Recovering Energy from a Single Source

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Youyi Li ◽  
Tianhao Tang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Multi Objective

The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a well-established way to recover energy from a single waste heat source. This paper aims to select the suitable configuration, number of loops, and working fluids for the Multi-Loop ORC (MLORC) by using multi-objective optimization. The thermodynamic and economic performance of MLORC in three various configurations was analyzed. Multi-objective optimizations of the series and parallel MLORC using different working fluid groups were conducted to find the optimal configuration, number of loops, and working fluid combination. The analysis results show that the series–parallel MLORC performed the worst among the three configurations. The optimization results reveal that series MLORC has a higher exergy efficiency than the parallel MLORC. The exergy efficiency of the optimal solution in series dual-loop, triple-loop, and quadruple-loop ORC is 9.3%, 7.98%, and 6.23% higher than that of parallel ORC, respectively. Furthermore, dual-loop is the optimal number of cycles for recovering energy from a single heat source, according to the grey relational grade. Finally, the series dual-loop ORC using cyclohexane\cyclohexane was the suitable configuration for utilizing a single waste heat source. The exergy efficiency and levelized cost of electricity of the series dual-loop ORC with the optimal parameters are 62.18% and 0.1509 $/kWh, respectively.

scholarly journals Thermoelectric Generator with Passive Biphasic Thermosyphon Heat Exchanger for Waste Heat Recovery: Design and Experimentation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5815
Author(s):  
Miguel Araiz ◽  
Álvaro Casi ◽  
Leyre Catalán ◽  
Patricia Aranguren ◽  
David Astrain
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Net Generation ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Recovery Design ◽  
Current Energy

One of the measures to fight against the current energy situation and reduce the energy consumption at an industrial process is to recover waste heat and transform it into electric power. Thermoelectric generators can be used for that purpose but there is a lack of experimental studies that can bring this technology closer to reality. This work presents the design, optimizations and development of two devices that are experimented and compared under the same working conditions. The hot side heat exchanger of both generators has been designed using a computational fluid dynamics software and for the cold side of the generators two technologies have been analysed: a finned dissipater that uses a fan and free convection biphasic thermosyphon. The results obtained show a maximum net generation of 6.9W in the thermoelectric generator with the finned dissipater; and 10.6W of power output in the generator with the biphasic thermosyphon. These results remark the importance of a proper design of the heat exchangers, trying to get low thermal resistances at both sides of the thermoelectric modules, as well as, the necessity of considering the auxiliary consumption of the equipment employed.

scholarly journals Analysis of the use of thermoelectric generator and heat pipe for waste heat utilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02057
Author(s):  
Imansyah Ibnu Hakim ◽  
Nandy Putra ◽  
Mohammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Working Principle

Waste heat recovery is one way to reduce the use of fossil fuels, one of them is by using thermoelectric generator to convert waste heat into Thermoelectric Generator (TEGs) is a module that can convert heat into electrical power directly, using Seebeck effect and Peltier effect as its working principle, so it can increase efficiency of energy consumption by utilizing waste heat from an instrument that generate waste heat. The focus of this research is to find the output voltage of TEG by utilizing the temperature difference on the cold side and the heat side of the TEGs. The heat side of the module will be given heat from the heater as a simulation of the heat from hot water, and on the cold side heat pipes will be used to remove the heat on the cold side of TEGs. The result, output voltage that generated by using 4 module TEGs that arranged to Thermal Series - Series Circuit and using 2 heat pipes is 2.1-volt, and then it is possible to use for phone charger.

A Novel Thermoelectric Generator for the Detection of Electrical Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 743-744 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Yu ◽  
Zhi Feng Zhang ◽  
Qing Quan Qiu ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Guo Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

Semiconductor thermoelectric generators have a series of advantages, such as compact volume, high-level reliability, and effective power generation in the presence of temperature difference. In many occasions, as a result of high voltage, electrical equipments can't be measured by the way of direct contact. In order to avoid equipment faults caused by low-voltage contact, a thermoelectric generator which uses waste heat of electrical equipments in service was designed. Electrical equipments often operate below 400K, and in this condition Bi2Te3 shows an outstanding performance of power generation. In order to solve the problems of little temperature difference and output power on steady-state, two methods were introduced. On the one hand, the temperature difference can be increased by filling with thermal insulation padding between the p-n junctions and using a heat sink in the cold side, and on the other hand, the output voltage and power will be augmented by increasing the number of p-n junctions. These methods have been proved effectively by simulation and experiment with promising outcomes.

The Study of Cook-Stove Thermoelectric Generator Power

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narong Sangwaranatee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Power Rate

This research studies the alternative way of electricity generating from the waste heat of economy oven by using 4 modules of thermoelectric modules. The hot side of thermoelectric module is attached to the heat plate while the cold side is installed on the rectangular, plate-fin heat exchanger. Variety of system adjustments were used during this study in terms of finding the maximum electric power rate. Adjusting the heating value and the electrical resistance to the thermoelectric was the procedure in this study. From the research, we found out that at the temperature of 200°C on the heat pad, the released maximum electric current was 4.5 W. The percentage of heat converting to electric current was 11.9%, with the 0.84 A and 5.35 V. The efficiency of the economy oven was 23.20%, and comes up to 23.39% while generating power via thermoelectric module.

scholarly journals The preparation, characterization and application of glycol aqueous base graphene oxide nanofluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Yihuai Li ◽  
Zihua Wu ◽  
Huaqing Xie ◽  
Dingcong Tang ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Aqueous Base ◽  
Water Base ◽  
Industry Area ◽  
Excellent Stability

Enhancement of the heat transfer of the cold side is one of the approaches to improve the performance of thermoelectric generator systems (TEGs). In order to investigate viability and further performance of the TEG for waste heat recovery in industry area, a small low-temperature waste heat thermoelectric generator setup has been constructed with graphene oxide (GO) nanofluids as coolants in the paper. The results showed excellent stability of GO nanofluids through the preparation of two-step method to be applied in the TEGs .The highest open output voltage of TEG system were obtained by 0.15% weight fraction of GO nanofluids as coolant when the temperature difference (△T) was designed at 95K and the hot side temperature was fixed at 373K in the TEGs. Compared with conventional glycol-water base fluid as coolant, the highest open voltage enhancement ratio has reached 65.26% in the TEGs.

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