scholarly journals A ROS-Based Energy Management System for a Prototype Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1964
Author(s):  
Savvas Piperidis ◽  
Iason Chrysomallis ◽  
Stavros Georgakopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Ghionis ◽  
Lefteris Doitsidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Message System

The automotive industry has been rapidly transforming and moving further from internal combustion engines, towards hybrid or electric vehicles. A key component for the successful adoption of the aforementioned approach is their Energy Management Systems (EMSs). In the proposed work, we describe in detail a custom EMS, with unique characteristics, which was developed and installed in a hydrogen-powered prototype vehicle. The development of the EMS was based on off-the-shelf components and the adoption of a Robot Operating System (ROS), a meta-operating system developed for robotic-oriented applications. Our approach offers soft real-time control and the ability to organize the controller of the EMS as a straightforward and comprehensive message system that provides the necessary inter-process communication at the core of the EMS control procedure. We describe in detail the software-based implementation and validate our approach through experimental results obtained while the prototype was racing in a low-energy consumption competition.

Improving Fidelity of Energy Management Software Testing Through Hierarchical Clustering of Train Consist Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford Aiken ◽  
Keith W. Wait
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Management Software ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Time Control

Abstract Energy management systems, such as New York Air Brake’s LEADER [1], are real-time control technologies that optimize train performance as Level 2 Autonomy systems under the SAE’s “Levels of Driving Automation” classification system [2], and are now commonly used by many railroads. Such systems require extensive testing due to varying requirements of speed and fuel efficiency, compatibility with the wide variation in consists actually marshalled in the field, as well as the potential for the systems to cause break-in-twos or other undesirable situations. Devising accurate test cases that translate well to real-world usage is a common obstacle in the software development process. Using empirical data gathered from sampling field observations and an unsupervised machine learning model, we have created a simple but effective software system capable of performing automated statistical analysis on train consists and recommending a small number of consists which best capture the variation observed on-track. The data produced by such a system is demonstrably useful in developing truly representative test cases for train control systems/energy management software. In this investigation, we first applied such an algorithm to a population of train consists from some arbitrary segment of North American track to identify the most representative sample. We then evaluated the performance of the LEADER driving strategy for the sample set of consists with one of two consists that had previously been used for ad-hoc development testing of the software. Our findings from these simulations indicate that the consists identified by the clustering algorithm display greater variation in LEADER-controlled performance across several features than the ad-hoc testing consists do. Such metrics are transit time, fuel consumption, speed limit adherence, and air brake usage. Application of the algorithm is therefore beneficial in that it allows for more efficient and more thorough testing and characterization of energy management software.

Study and Investigation of Energy Management Techniques Used in Electric/Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-606
Author(s):  
Punyavathi Ramineni ◽  
Alagappan Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
And Control ◽  
Intelligent Controllers

Many pollution-related issues are raising due to the usage of conventional internal combustion engines (ICEs) vehicles. Electric Vehicles/ Hybrid electric vehicles (EVs/HEVs) are the finest solutions to overcome those problems associated with ICE-based vehicles. The EVs are introduced with a signal energy source (SES), which is not a successful attempt, especially during transient vehicles, driving, etc. Multiple energy sources (MES) EVs are introduced to attain better performance than the SES vehicles, which is obtained by combining two sources like battery/fuel cells, ultracapacitor. In this contest, energy management (EMNG) plays a vital role in sharing the load to the sources as per the EVs requirement. In the case of MES-based EVs, the controller always plays a significant role in the related EMNG system because it is the key factor in improving vehicle efficiency. In this article, a study has mainly been done related to several conventional, intelligent controllers and control algorithms to do the proper EMNG between sources present in the EV.

Real-Time Public Transport Operations: Library of Control Strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2647 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Mahmoodi Nesheli ◽  
Avishai (Avi) Ceder
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Service Reliability ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Control Actions

Modern public transport (PT) operations have evolved into a complex multimodal system in which small-scale disorder can propagate. Large-scale disruptions to passengers and PT agencies result. Various studies have been developed to model PT control at the operational level; however, the main downside of possible real-time control actions is the lack of intelligent modeling and a systematic process that can activate such actions immediately. This study presents a real-time control procedure to increase service reliability and to improve successful coordinated transfers in a complex PT system. The developed method aims at minimizing total travel time for passengers and reducing the uncertainty of meetings between PT vehicles. A library of operational tactics is first built to serve as a basis of the real-time decision-making process. The methodology developed is applied to a real-life case study in Auckland, New Zealand. The results showed improvements in system performance and confirmed the use of real-time control actions to maintain reliable PT service.

EXPRESS ANALYSIS OF TRIETHOXYSILANE AND TETRAETHOXYSILANE USING THE RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY METHOD FOR OPTIMIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF MONOSILANE SYNTHESIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-966
Author(s):  
V. M. Rotshteyn ◽  
Kh. B. Ashurov ◽  
R. Kh. Ashurov
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Spectroscopy Method ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Express Analysis ◽  
Spectral Ranges

A technique for the express analysis of the products of technological processes is described, which was developed using the Raman spectroscopy method. The analysis of the Raman spectra includes the interpretation of the spectral bands, taking into account the values of the characteristic frequencies of the vibrational spectra of organic compounds, as well as the determination of the integral intensities of the corresponding spectral ranges. By example of the real time control procedure for the technological process of monosilane synthesis, the express analysis of tetraethoxysilane, which is a by-product of this technological process, is carried out. Significant advantages of using the express analysis method are demonstrated, which provide control over the normal course of the technological process and obtaining results that allow making adjustments to the process flow diagram in order to optimize it.

Rapid Control Prototyping in the Development of Home Energy Management Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciprian Lapusan ◽  
Radu Balan ◽  
Olimpiu Hancu ◽  
Ciprian Rad
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Rapid Control ◽  
Rapid Control Prototyping

The article investigates the development of home energy management systems based on real-time control algorithms and online identification. The proposed system optimizes the energy consumption for heating and cooling of a household using model predictive control strategies. The virtual prototype of the energy management system is developed, simulated and optimized using Matlab/Simulink. The simulated system is then implemented using dSpace platform and rapid control prototyping on real-time hardware and tested on a laboratory surrogate system. The system performance is evaluated by comparing the results with the response of classic systems used for heating and cooling in domestic houses. The obtained results confirmed the viability of the proposed solution in home energy management systems.

A methodology for detection and classification of power quality disturbances using a real‐time operating system in the context of home energy management systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-219
Author(s):  
Wilson L. Rodrigues Junior ◽  
Fabbio A. S. Borges ◽  
Ricardo de A. L. Rabelo ◽  
Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues ◽  
Ricardo A. S. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Real Time Operating System ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Power Quality Disturbances

scholarly journals Modelling and Control of Mechatronics Lines Served by Complex Autonomous Systems

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 3266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragomir ◽  
Mincă ◽  
Dragomir ◽  
Filipescu
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Wide Range

The aim of this paper is to reverse an assembly line, to be able to perform disassembly, using two complex autonomous systems (CASs). The disassembly is functioning only in case of quality default identified in the final product. The CASs are wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) equipped with robotic manipulators (RMs), working in parallel or collaboratively. The reversible assembly/disassembly mechatronics line (A/DML) assisted by CASs has a specific typology and is modelled by specialized hybrid instruments belonging to the Petri nets class, precisely synchronized hybrid Petri nets (SHPN). The need of this type of models is justified by the necessity of collaboration between the A/DML and CASs, both having characteristics and physical constraints that should be considered and to make all systems compatible. Firstly, the paper proposes the planning and scheduling of tasks necessary in modelling stage as well as in real time control. Secondly, two different approaches are proposed, related to CASs collaboration: a parallel approach with two CASs have simultaneous actions: one is equipped with robotic manipulator, used for manipulation, and the other is used for transporting. This approach is correlated with industrial A/D manufacturing lines where have to transport and handle weights in a wide range of variation. The other is a collaborative approach, A/DML is served by two CASs used for manipulation and transporting, both having simultaneous movements, following their own trajectories. One will assist the disassembly in even, while the other in odd workstations. The added value of this second approach consists in the optimization of a complete disassembly cycle. Thirdly, it is proposed in the paper the real time control of mechatronics line served by CASs working in parallel, based on the SHPN model. The novelty of the control procedure consists in the use of the synchronization signals, in absence of the visual servoing systems, for a precise positioning of the CASs serving the reversible mechatronics line.

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