scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis for the Optimal Design of a National Network of Agro-Energy Biomass Power Plants in Egypt

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3063
Author(s):  
Suzan Abdelhady ◽  
Mohamed A. Shalaby ◽  
Ahmed Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
National Network ◽  
Biomass Power Plants ◽  
The Impact

Extensive studies are conducted to investigate the potential and techno-economic feasibility of bioenergy routes in different countries. However, limited researches have been focused on the whole national agricultural bioenergy resources in Egypt. This research provides an assessment of the potential agricultural biomass resources for electric energy production in Egypt. It provides a strategic perspective for the design of a national network of biomass power plants to utilize the spatially available agricultural residues throughout a country. A comprehensive approach is presented and is applied to Egypt. First, the approach estimates the amount, type, and characteristics of the agricultural residues in each Egyptian governorate. Then, a techno-economic appraisal for locating a set of collection stations, and installing a direct combustion biomass power plant in each governorate is conducted. SAM simulation software is used for the technical and economic appraisals, and preliminary plant capacities are estimated assuming one plant in each governorate. Secondly, a new mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed and applied to optimally design a biomass supply chain national network to maximize the overall network profit. The network is composed of the collection stations, the potential biomass power plants, and the flow distribution of residues to supply the selected plants. Results indicate that the Egyptian agricultural residue resources can produce 10 million ton/year of dry residues, generate 11 TWh/year, an average levelized cost of electricity () of 6.77 ¢/kWh, and supply about 5.5% of Egypt’s current energy needs. Moreover, the optimization results reveal that a network of 5 biomass power plants with capacities of 460 MW each should be established in Egypt. This approach is thought to be particularly suitable to other developing countries whose energy demand depends on fossil fuels and poses a heavy economic burden, and whose residues are massive, wasted, and not industrialized. The obtained results may also enrich future comparative research that studies the impact and feasibility of implementing agro-residue based biomass electric energy generation.

scholarly journals Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a 3-kW PV system installation in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramhari Poudyal ◽  
Pavel Loskot ◽  
Ranjan Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Pv System

AbstractThis study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of installing a 3-kilowatt-peak (kWp) photovoltaic (PV) system in Kathmandu, Nepal. The study also analyses the importance of scaling up the share of solar energy to contribute to the country's overall energy generation mix. The technical viability of the designed PV system is assessed using PVsyst and Meteonorm simulation software. The performance indicators adopted in our study are the electric energy output, performance ratio, and the economic returns including the levelised cost and the net present value of energy production. The key parameters used in simulations are site-specific meteorological data, solar irradiance, PV capacity factor, and the price of electricity. The achieved PV system efficiency and the performance ratio are 17% and 84%, respectively. The demand–supply gap has been estimated assuming the load profile of a typical household in Kathmandu under the enhanced use of electric appliances. Our results show that the 3-kWp PV system can generate 100% of electricity consumed by a typical residential household in Kathmandu. The calculated levelised cost of energy for the PV system considered is 0.06 $/kWh, and the corresponding rate of investment is 87%. The payback period is estimated to be 8.6 years. The installation of the designed solar PV system could save 10.33 tons of CO2 emission over its lifetime. Overall, the PV systems with 3 kWp capacity appear to be a viable solution to secure a sufficient amount of electricity for most households in Kathmandu city.

scholarly journals Economic feasibility of wind and photovoltaic energy in Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 05016
Author(s):  
Waleed K. Al-Nassar ◽  
S. Neelamani ◽  
Teena Sara William
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity

The worldwide environmental concern and awareness created a way towards the generation of pollution-free wind and solar renewable energies. Wind and Photovoltaic (PV) power plants of each 10 MW capacity located in the Shagaya area, west of Kuwait, were compared after one year of operation. The wind power plants recorded high capacity factors resulting in a yearly power production of 42.59 GWh, 21% higher than expected (contractual 31.160 GWh). It will reduce the emission of CO2 throughout the projected lifetime of 25 years by 118,303 tons. CAPEX (capital Expenditure) and OPEX (operation expenditure) were taken into consideration throughout the life of the plants along with investment costs resulting in a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for wind of 0.015 KWD/kWh or 0.046 USD/kWh, compared to 0.027 KWD/kWh or 0.082 USD/kWh for solar PV (44% lower than PV). Offshore, Boubyan Island, Northern Kuwait territorial waters, were found to be the foremost appropriate for wind energy generation, with Wind Power Density of more than 500 Watt/m2 in summer which is ideal for the high energy demanding season in Kuwait. The LCOE for offshore wind energy was 27.6 fils/kWh, compared to 39.3 fils/kWh for thermal power plants.

scholarly journals Erőművek életciklus-elemzése a fajlagos anyagfelhasználás tükrében

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154
Author(s):  
Zoltán Korényi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
The Impact

Összefoglaló. A dolgozat témája a különböző erőműfajták életciklusra vonatkozó fajlagos anyagigényének a vizsgálata. Az elemzések a nemzetközi szakirodalmi források felhasználásával történtek. Módszere, a bázisadatok elemzése, majd az anyagigényeknek az erőmű beépített teljesítményére és az életciklus alatt megtermelt villamosenergiára vonatkoztatott fajlagos értékek meghatározása. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a nap- és szélerőművek elterjedésével a hagyományos erőművek által felhasznált fosszilis energiaforrások (pl. a szén) bent maradnak ugyan a földben, de cserébe az új technológia legyártásához a hagyományos anyagokból (beton, acél, alumínium, réz stb.) fajlagosan jóval nagyobb mennyiségekre lesz szükség. Emellett megnő a ritkán előforduló fémek (gallium, indium stb.) felhasználása, ami Európában, a lelőhelyek hiányában, új kockázatokkal jár. Summary. The topic of the study is to determine the material use of different power plant types. This is a part of the known life cycle analysis (LCA). The aim of LCA is to determine the impact of human activity on nature. The procedure is described in the standards (ISO 14040/41/42/42). Under environmental impact we mean changes in our natural environment, air, water, soil pollution, noise and impacts on human health. In the LCA, the environmental impact begins with the opening of the mine, continues with the extraction and processing of raw materials, and then with the production of equipment, construction and installation of the power plant. This is followed by the commissioning and then operation of the power plants for 20-60 years, including maintenance. The cycle ends with demolition, which is followed by recycling of materials. The remaining waste is disposed of. This is the complex content of life cycle analysis. Its purpose is to determine the ecological footprint of man. The method of the present study is to isolate a limited area from the complex LCA process. This means determining the amount of material needed to build different power plants, excluding mining and processing of raw materials. Commercially available basic materials are built into the power plant’s components. The research is based on the literature available in the international area. The author studied these sources, analysed the data, and checked the authenticity. It was not easy because the sources from different times, for different power plants showed a lot of uncertainty. In overcoming the uncertainties, it was a help that the author has decades of experience in the realisation of power plants. It was considered the material consumption related to the installed electricity capacity of the power plant (tons/MW) as basic data. The author then determined the specific material consumptions, allocated to the electric energy generated during the lifetime, in different power plants. The calculation is carried out with the help of the usual annual peak load duration hours and the usual lifetime of the power plants. The results show that with the spread of solar and wind energy, the fossil energy sources previously needed for conventional power plants will remain inside the Earth, but in exchange for the production of new technological equipment from traditional structural materials (concrete, steel, aluminium, copper and plastic), the special need multiplies. If we compare the power plants using renewable energy with the electric energy produced during the life cycle of a nuclear power plant, the specific installed material requirement of a river hydropower plant is 37 times, that of an onshore wind farm it is 9.6 times, and that of an outdoor solar power park is 6.6 times higher. Another important difference is that wind turbines, solar panels and batteries also require rare materials that do not occur in Europe (e.g. gallium, indium, yttrium, neodymium, cobalt, etc.). This can lead to security risks in Europe in the long run.

scholarly journals Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming Based Scheduling Methods for Day-Ahead Bidding and Intra-Day Operation of Virtual Power Plant

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakkyung Ko ◽  
Daeyoung Kang ◽  
Sung-Kwan Joo
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Programming ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Integer Quadratic Programming ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming ◽  
The Impact

As distributed energy resources (DERs) proliferate power systems, power grids face new challenges stemming from the variability and uncertainty of DERs. To address these problems, virtual power plants (VPPs) are established to aggregate DERs and manage them as single dispatchable and reliable resources. VPPs can participate in the day-ahead (DA) market and therefore require a bidding method that maximizes profits. It is also important to minimize the variability of VPP output during intra-day (ID) operations. This paper presents mixed integer quadratic programming-based scheduling methods for both DA market bidding and ID operation of VPPs, thus serving as a complete scheme for bidding-operation scheduling. Hourly bids are determined based on VPP revenue in the DA market bidding step, and the schedule of DERs is revised in the ID operation to minimize the impact of forecasting errors and maximize the incentives, thus reducing the variability and uncertainty of VPP output. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods through a comparison of daily revenue.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Hypersaline Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Power Plants: Dead Sea–Red Sea Conveyor

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qais A. Khasawneh ◽  
Bourhan Tashtoush ◽  
Anas Nawafleh ◽  
Bayan Kan’an
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Pressure Retarded Osmosis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Desalination Plants

In this study, three pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) power plants are proposed to be built on the Red Sea–Dead Sea (RSDS) water conveyance project, to generate power from the salinity gradient between two water streams at different salt concentrations. The first two proposed plants are to be built after sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants, where Red Sea water and the rejected brine from SWRO plants are used as feed and draw solutions, respectively. In the third proposed plant, Red Sea water and Dead Sea water will be used. Results showed that the three proposed plants are technically feasible while the third plant is the only one that is economically feasible with a 134.5 MW capacity and a 0.056 $/KWh levelized cost of electricity (LCE). The power generated from the third PRO power plant accounts for about 24.7% of the power needed for the RSDS project that can be used to power SWRO-2 in order to reduce the electricity consumption by 49.3%. If the generated power from the proposed PRO plant is sold to the Jordanian national electricity grid at the current selling price in accordance with Jordanian prices of electricity, a saving of about 21.2% can be attained. It is found that using the power generated by the current proposed plants for desalination project purposes will significantly reduce the price of desalinated water produced from SWRO desalination plants.

Capturing Carbon Dioxide: The Feasibility of Re-Using Existing Pipeline Infrastructure to Transport Anthropogenic CO2

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Seevam ◽  
Julia Race ◽  
Martin Downie ◽  
Julian Barnett ◽  
Russell Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Anthropogenic Co2 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Climate change has been attributed to green house gases, with carbon dioxide (CO2) being the main contributor. Sixty to seventy percent of carbon dioxide emissions originate from fossil fuel power plants. Power companies in the UK, along with oil and gas field operators, are proposing to capture this anthropogenic CO2 and either store it in depleted reservoirs or saline aquifers (carbon capture and storage, CCS), or use it for ‘Enhanced Oil Recovery’ (EOR) in depleting oil and gas fields. This would involve extensive onshore and offshore pipeline systems. The decline of oil and gas production of reservoirs beyond economic feasibility will require the decommissioning onshore and offshore facilities post-production. This creates a possible opportunity for using existing pipeline infrastructure. Conversions of pipelines from natural gas service to CO2 service for EOR have been done in the United States. However, the differing sources of CO2 and the differing requirements for EOR and CCS play a significant part in allowing the re-use of existing infrastructure. The effect of compositions, the phase of transportation, the original pipeline specifications, and also the pipeline route require major studies prior to allowing re-use. This paper will first review the requirements for specifying the purity of the CO2 for CCS and to highlight the implications that the presence of impurities and the current water specifications for pipelines has on the phase diagram and the associated physical properties of the CO2 stream. A ‘best’ and ‘worst’ case impurity specification will be identified. Then an analysis on the impact and subsequent validation, of equations of state based on available experimental data on the phase modelling of anthropogenic CO2 is presented. A case study involving an existing 300km gas pipeline in the National Transmission System (NTS) in the UK is then modelled, to demonstrate the feasibility of using this pipeline to transport anthropogenic CO2. The various issues involved for the selected ‘best’ and ‘worst’ case specification are also covered. This is then followed by an investigation of the options for transport in the ‘gas’ phase and ‘supercritical’ phases, and also identifying the limitations on re-using pipeline infrastructure for CCS.

Design and Implementation of the Medium and Long-Term Time Scale System Frequency Fluctuations Simulation Platform

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 656-659
Author(s):  
Ting Yu ◽  
Zhao Yu Jin ◽  
Ying Yun Sun ◽  
Jing Huai Lin ◽  
Tian Jiao Pu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Simulation Platform ◽  
The Impact

Large-scale wind power integrates in the grid to provide clean energy; however, it has a negative impact on the stable operation of the grid. To analysis the effect of wind power on frequency control, we need the help of simulation software. But, there has no frequency control mathematical model of wind farm in simulation software available for the user to choose. So this paper designs and establishes a frequency simulation platform, which provides the frequency control mathematical model of wind farms, hydroelectric power plants and thermal power plants. It can not only evaluate the impact of wind power fluctuations on frequency control, but also can quantitatively analysis of the system reserve capacity, as well as AGC performance monitoring function.

An Advanced Modeling and Control Approach for Frequency Regulation in Electric Energy Systems with New Resources

2014 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 418-425
Author(s):  
Lei Guo ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Li Deng ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Perturbation Technique ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Optimal Feedback Control ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Singular Perturbation Technique ◽  
Regulation Approach ◽  
The Impact

This paper concerns the problem of regulating the frequencies of the evolving electric energy systems. The currently implemented frequency regulation approach is found unable to relieve the impact of the increasingly integrated variable sources such as renewable power plants and price responsive loads. Even several key underlying assumptions of this approach are not likely to hold in this situation. In this paper we propose an enhanced frequency regulation approach by differentiating units participating in frequency regulation both with respect to their location and ability to respond. This approach models the governorturbine-generator dynamics of each individual generator and develops a linearized model of the interconnected power system. Moreover, the singular perturbation technique is employed to reduce the unnecessary complexity of the linear system and simplify the control design. An optimal feedback control law is then designed based on the reduced order model via Linear Quadratic Regulator method. Comparative simulations on a 3bus test power system show the improved control performance obtained by the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Impact of Wind Power Generation on System Operation and Costs

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 580-588
Author(s):  
Wang Fei ◽  
Pan Wenxia ◽  
Quan Rui
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Integer Problem ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a deterministic security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) model is deployed in order to optimize generation output and allocation for spinning reserve considering different wind power dispatch modes. In this model, the scheduling of power plants takes into account a simultaneous clearing of power, reserve capacity requirement and CO2 emission and so on. Spinning reserve is modelled as an exogenous parameter which represents load uncertainty and wind power uncertainty. Special attention in the study is given to determine the impact of different dispatch modes with wind power and different levels of spinning reserve requirement on system operation and costs. The proposed model can be formulated as a mixed-integer problem (MIP) and solved in GAMS by using the CPLEX optimizer. The model is applied to a wind-fired intensive power system for three case studies. The results include the optimal spinning reserve and generator output of each generator, CO2 emission cost and cost of wind power for each case study. The results show that taking wind power as a control option can improves system operation and costs if wind generation and traditional sources generation are coordinated properly.

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of CCUS Retrofitting of Coal-fired Power Plants Based on Net Cash Flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Jingqi Jin ◽  
Feng Xue ◽  
Bin Cai ◽  
Xinxin Yang ◽  
Yening Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Impact

Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is one of the key technologies for realizing large-scale low-carbon utilization of coal-fired power plants in service. How to evaluate its economics is crucial to the decision-making of traditional coal-fired power enterprises. This paper analyzes the changes in the physical, emission and economic parameters of in-service coal-fired power plants without and with the CCUS retrofit. A method for evaluating the economic feasibility of coal-fired power plants retrofitting based on net cash flow is proposed, which compares the impact of CCUS retrofit on the net present value of the remaining life cycle of the power plant. The impact of uncertain parameters such as carbon dioxide sales unit price, carbon capture device operating cost, free carbon quota, and carbon emission right price on the evaluation results are analyzed.

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