scholarly journals Can Decarbonisation and Capacity Market Go Together? The Case Study of Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5151
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Komorowska
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Capacity Markets ◽  
Capacity Market

In recent years, numerous countries have introduced or considered capacity markets as remuneration mechanisms for long-term capacity adequacy. Since adequacy is frequently linked with thermal power generation, there is an ongoing debate as to whether this instrument could impact decarbonisation. In this context, the paper presents a quantitative assessment of the consequences of introducing a capacity market on decarbonisation pathways. The Polish power system is taken as an example due to its heavy dependence on fossil fuels. To this end, a computable model of the Polish power system is developed and applied to the study of two research scenarios. The first scenario presents the power system without introducing a capacity market, while the latter considers the system with a capacity market in place. The analysis shows that the introduction of a capacity market delays the decarbonisation of the power system and has a negative impact on carbon neutrality. Even though coal-fired units are phased out, they are mainly replaced by natural gas. The method and model developed within this study can be applied to countries where a capacity market is being discussed, and fossil fuels continue to play a dominant role.

scholarly journals CO2 Emissions Forecast and Emissions Peak Analysis in Shanxi Province, China: An Application of the LEAP Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Xin Zou ◽  
Renfeng Wang ◽  
Guohui Hu ◽  
Zhuang Rong ◽  
Jiaxuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Abatement Policy

Shanxi Province, an important source of coal resources in China, has consumed a large amount of fossil fuels in the past few decades. The CO2 emissions of Shanxi Province have been increasing annually, reaching 541.8 million tons in 2018, 54.6% higher than the national mean. This will have a negative impact on China’s ability to meet its target of peaking CO2 emissions by 2030. To assist China to achieve this target and reduce CO2 emissions in Shanxi Province, this study used the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) model to analyze the CO2 emissions and peaks in Shanxi Province from 2019 to 2035 under different scenarios. Furthermore, this study analyzed the time to peak CO2 emissions under different emission reduction measures through a sensitivity analysis. The results show that in the absence of other mitigation policy interventions, CO2 emissions in Shanxi Province will increase annually, reaching 1646.2 million tons by 2035. Furthermore, this study shows that if shares of industrial gross domestic product (GDP) in Shanxi, energy intensity reduction in the industrial and transport sectors compared to the base scenario, thermal power, and relative clean energy consumption reach 25%, 30%, 50%, and 50%, respectively, by 2035, then CO2 emissions of Shanxi would peak at 801.2 million tons in 2029 and GDP per capita would increase to USD 2000 by 2035. Finally, according to the results of this study, we have made some recommendations for emission reduction in Shanxi Province. The limitation of this study was that the implementation cost of the abatement policy was not considered.

scholarly journals A Probabilistic and Value-Based Planning Approach to Assess the Competitiveness between Gas-Fired and Renewables in Hydro-Dominated Systems: A Brazilian Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7281
Author(s):  
Felipe Nazaré ◽  
Luiz Barroso ◽  
Bernardo Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Flexible Resources

The main challenge with the penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) in thermal-dominated systems has been the increase in the need for operating reserves, relying on dispatchable and flexible resources. In the case of hydro-dominated systems, the cost-effective flexibility provided by hydro-plants facilitates the penetration of VRE, but the compounded production variability of these resources challenges the integration of baseload gas-fired plants. The Brazilian power system illustrates this situation, in which the development of large associated gas fields economically depends on the operation of gas-fired plants. Given the current competitiveness of VRE, a natural question is the economic value and tradeoffs for expanding the system opting between baseload gas-fired generation and VRE in an already flexible hydropower system. This paper presents a methodology based on a multi-stage and stochastic capacity expansion model to estimate the optimal mix of baseload thermal power plants and VRE additions considering their contributions for security of supply, which includes peak, energy, and operating reserves, which are endogenously defined in a time-varying and sized in a dynamic way as well as adequacy constraints. The presented model calculates the optimal decision plan, allowing for the estimation of the economical tradeoffs between baseload gas and VRE supply considering their value for the required services to the system. This allows for a comparison between the integration costs of these technologies on the same basis, thus helping policymakers and system planners to better decide on the best way to integrate the gas resources in an electricity industry increasingly renewable. A case study based on a real industrial application is presented for the Brazilian power system.

scholarly journals Community-School Partnerships: Assisting Newcomer Youth In Montreal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamie Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Immigrant Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Partnerships

As universal and mandatory institutions, schools are the first institutional frame of reference newcomer youth encounter upon their arrival in Canada, and as such they play a central role in their settlement process. Although the Quebec Ministry of Education provides guidelines regarding the integration of immigrant students into Quebec educational institutions, some secondary schools in Montreal seem unprepared to respond to theunique needs of newcomer youth.This qualitative case study involving six key informantsreveals that schools need experts from community organizations who have a greater capacity to assist youth in their settlement experiences. However, partnering between school and community organizations are often based on difficult and unequal relationships which have a negative impact on the programs and services offeredto newcomer students. It is crucial that the various ministries involved in the well-being of youth provide long-term funding for collaborative programs targeting newcomers. This could fortify programs that are already implemented, encourage new initiative, and spread them to educational institutions around the province.

ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PADA BAYI DENGANALERGI SUSU SAPI DI KLINIK ABRAR MEDICAL CENTRE PALOPO

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (07) ◽  
pp. 1-72
Author(s):  
Ny. Asmawati ◽  
Ny. Maryati
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Cow Milk Allergy

The incidence of allergic disease in children has been increasing in the last 2 decades worldwide, including Indonesia. The increase in the incidence rate is estimated due to lifestyle changes and pollution. Allergic diseases can have a long-term negative impact, thus disrupting the quality of a child's life and disrupting the growth process. In various regions of Indonesia, the incidence of allergies varies from 30% to 60%.This research uses quantitative research explanation with case study method approach.The results of this case study where all action plans have been implemented ie in this case encourage the mother to continue breastfeeding to her child and stop giving formula milk. Cow milk allergy in infants can bertatasai by collaborating with dr. Children in terms of drug delivery and care provided. Keywords : Baby, Cow's milk allergy

scholarly journals A Practical Approach to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Open Dumps through Infrastructure Restructuring: A Case Study in Nanjing City, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Zhanbin Luo ◽  
Fu Chen ◽  
Qianlin Zhu ◽  
Shaoliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Technical Process ◽  
Nanjing City ◽  
Landfill Management

A new environmental ban has forced the restructure of open dumps in China since 1 July 2011. A technical process was established in this study that is feasible for the upgrade of open dumps through restructuring. The feasibility of restructuring and the benefit of greenhouse gas emission reductions were assessed according to field surveys of five landfills and four dumps in Nanjing. The results showed that the daily processing capacities of the existing landfills have been unable to meet the growth of municipal solid waste (MSW), making restructuring of the landfills imperative. According to an assessment of the technical process, only four sites in Nanjing were suitable for upgrading. Restructuring the Jiaozishan landfill effectively reduced the leachate generation rate by 5.84% under its scale when expanded by 60.7% in 2015. CO2 emissions were reduced by approximately 55,000–86,000 tons per year, in which biogas power generation replaced fossil fuels Fossil fuels accounted for the largest proportion, up to 45,000–60,000 tons. Photovoltaic power generation on the overlying land has not only reduced CO2 emissions to 26,000–30,000 tons per year but has also brought in continuing income from the sale of electricity. The funds are essential for developing countries such as China, which lack long-term financial support for landfill management after closure.

Impact of a trigeneration power system fuelled by vegetable oil on environmental air pollution by numerical simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1200-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Iodice ◽  
Massimo Cardone
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power System ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
The Impact

In the most recent years, renewable sources are becoming increasingly crucial owing to both the stocks of fossil fuels being depleted and environmental problems around the globe. This study describes the environmental assessment of thermal power plant-based trigeneration systems fuelled by renewable energy sources for district heating/cooling system. First, the paper examines the thermal and refrigeration requests of a possible new urban area with electricity, cooling and heating provided by a new trigeneration power system; this study is performed considering a trigeneration plant based on the internal combustion engines fuelled by renewable vegetable oil. Subsequently, a numerical assessment is achieved in order to evaluate the environmental impact on the neighboring area of the trigeneration system. The results of these numerical simulations show that the impact of this power plant on air quality state is not significant in this area. As a result, this kind of trigeneration power system can significantly support the cause of sustainable development and energy efficiency.

Solar photovoltaic applications: opportunities and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farihahusnah Hussin ◽  
Gulnaziya Issabayeva ◽  
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies ◽  
Current Energy

Abstract The heavy reliance on fossil fuels, given their inevitable depletion and serious negative impact on the environment, has led to intensive scientific research to produce solutions which will ensure sustainable supply of energy based on renewable sources. Solar radiation is one of the major sources of clean and renewable energy with the potential to provide ample power for the growing human population in the long term. The current energy crisis is aggravated by the escalating concerns over the water quality especially in developing countries. There is great potential for utilisation of solar energy through solar photovoltaic systems throughout the world for electricity generation as well as water and wastewater treatment. Innovations in this area have opened new prospects to improve the quality of life for people as a whole. Hence, the focus of this review paper is to provide the reader with a brief history of solar photovoltaic systems, the various types of solar photovoltaic materials available and the solar cell efficiencies attained with the current solar photovoltaic technologies. Furthermore, applications of photovoltaic systems are discussed in terms of their societal economic and environmental effects.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Concentrated Solar Heaters for Segmented Heat Accumulators

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4350
Author(s):  
Martin Beer ◽  
Radim Rybár ◽  
Jana Rybárová ◽  
Andrea Seňová ◽  
Vojtech Ferencz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Calorimetric Analysis ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Effective Case

This presented paper focuses on the design and evaluation of the concept of concentrated solar heaters for segmental heat accumulators, which are designed to cover the energy needs of selected communities in terms of food preparation without the need for fossil fuels, which have a negative impact not only on the climate but especially on health. The proposed device is based on the traditional method of food preparation in the so-called earth oven; however, the fire-heated stones are replaced with heat accumulators heated by solar radiation. This approach eliminates the need to change common and long-term habits of food preparation for selected communities. The device connects solar vacuum heat pipes, a solar radiation concentrator, and heat accumulators. The concept was evaluated based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis with the use of a transient simulation of selected operating situations in three geographical locations. The results showed a significant temperature increase of the heat accumulators, where in the most effective case the temperature increased up to 227.23 °C. The concept was also evaluated based on a calorimetric analysis of the system consisting of heat accumulators and food. The resulting temperature in the considered case reached the pasteurization temperature necessary for safe and healthy food preparation.

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