scholarly journals Centralized Energy Prediction in Wireless Sensor Networks Leveraged by Software-Defined Networking

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5379
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Nunez Segura ◽  
Cintia Borges Margi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Energy Prediction

Resource Constraints in Wireless Sensor Networks are a key factor in protocols and application design. Furthermore, energy consumption plays an important role in protocols decisions, such as routing metrics. In Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based networks, the controller is in charge of all control and routing decisions. Using energy as a metric requires such information from the nodes, which would increase packets traffic, impacting the network performance. Previous works have used energy prediction techniques to reduce the number of packets exchanged in traditional distributed routing protocols. We applied this technique in Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks (SDWSN). For this, we implemented an energy prediction algorithm for SDWSN using Markov chain. We evaluated its performance executing the prediction on every node and on the SDN controller. Then, we compared their results with the case without prediction. Our results showed that by running the Markov chain on the controller we obtain better prediction and network performance than when running the predictions on every node. Furthermore, we reduced the energy consumption for topologies up to 49 nodes for the case without prediction.

scholarly journals An Environmentally Aware Scheme of Wireless Sensor Networks for Forest Fire Monitoring and Detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Han Xu ◽  
Qiu-Ya Sun ◽  
Yu-Tong Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Fire Monitoring

Forest fires are a fatal threat to environmental degradation. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are regarded as a promising candidate for forest fire monitoring and detection since they enable real-time monitoring and early detection of fire threats in an efficient way. However, compared to conventional surveillance systems, WSNs operate under a set of unique resource constraints, including limitations with respect to transmission range, energy supply and computational capability. Considering that long transmission distance is inevitable in harsh geographical features such as woodland and shrubland, energy-efficient designs of WSNs are crucial for effective forest fire monitoring and detection systems. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that harnesses the benefits of WSNs for forest fire monitoring and detection. The framework employs random deployment, clustered hierarchy network architecture and environmentally aware protocols. The goal is to accurately detect a fire threat as early as possible while maintaining a reasonable energy consumption level. ns-2-based simulation validates that the proposed framework outperforms the conventional schemes in terms of detection delay and energy consumption.

scholarly journals Enabling Green Wireless Sensor Networks: Energy Efficient T-MAC Using Markov Chain Based Optimization

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Ram ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ajay Sikandar ◽  
Rupak Kharel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Service Delay

Due to the rapidly growing sensor-enabled connected world around us, with the continuously decreasing size of sensors from smaller to tiny, energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks has drawn ample consideration in both academia as well as in industries’ R&D. The literature of energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is focused on the three layers of wireless communication, namely the physical, Medium Access Control (MAC) and network layers. Physical layer-centric energy efficiency techniques have limited capabilities due to hardware designs and size considerations. Network layer-centric energy efficiency approaches have been constrained, in view of network dynamics and available network infrastructures. However, energy efficiency at the MAC layer requires a traffic cooperative transmission control. In this context, this paper presents a one-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain analytical model of the Timeout Medium Access Control (T-MAC) protocol. Specifically, an analytical model is derived for T-MAC focusing on an analysis of service delay, throughput, energy consumption and power efficiency under unsaturated traffic conditions. The service delay model calculates the average service delay using the adaptive sleep wakeup schedules. The component models include a queuing theory-based throughput analysis model, a cycle probability-based analytical model for computing the probabilities of a successful transmission, collision, and the idle state of a sensor, as well as an energy consumption model for the sensor’s life cycle. A fair performance assessment of the proposed T-MAC analytical model attests to the energy efficiency of the model when compared to that of state-of-the-art techniques, in terms of better power saving, a higher throughput and a lower energy consumption under various traffic loads.

scholarly journals Optimizing Energy Consumption in IoT-Based Scalable Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Vinay Rishiwal ◽  
Preeti Yadav ◽  
Omkar Singh ◽  
B. G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Selection For

In recent era of IoT, energy ingesting by sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is one of the key challenges. It is decisive to diminish energy ingesting due to restricted battery lifespan of sensor nodes, Objective of this research is to develop efficient routing protocol/algorithm in IoT based scenario to enhance network performance with QoS parameters. Therefore, keeping this objective in mind, a QoS based Optimized Energy Clustering Routing (QOECR) protocol for IoT based WSN is proposed and evaluated. QOECR discovers optimal path for sink node and provides better selection for sub-sink nodes. Simulation has been done in MATLAB to assess the performance of QOECR with pre-existing routing protocols. Simulation outcomes represent that QOECR reduces E2E delay 30%-35%, enhances throughput 25%-30%, minimizes energy consumption 35%-40%, minimizes packet loss 28%-32%, improves PDR and prolongs network lifetime 32%-38% than CBCCP, HCSM and ZEAL routing protocols.

scholarly journals SIMULATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN MULTI CLUSTER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
S. I. Pella
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Network ◽  
Cluster Networks ◽  
Energy Conserving ◽  
Single Cluster

Energy conserving protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), such as S-MAC, introduce multi-cluster network. The border nodes in multi cluster WSNs have more active time than the other nodes in the network; hence have more energy depletion rate. Since battery replacement in most networks is considered difficult, one or more nodes running out of energy prematurely will affect the network connectivity and decrease the overall network performance severely. This paper aims to (1) analyze the energy consumption in a multi-cluster sensor network and compare it to the single cluster scenario (2) investigate the merging time in a single cluster network. The result shows that, in average the energy needed to deliver a packet in the multi cluster networks is about 150% more than the energy needed in the single cluster networks. Moreover, the merging time in the single cluster network using schedule offset as the merging criteria in average is slightly smaller than one in the network using schedule ID as the merging criteria.

scholarly journals Design of multi-energy-space-based energy-efficient algorithm in novel software-defined wireless sensor networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 155014771771811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liao Wenxing ◽  
Wu Muqing ◽  
Wu Yuewei
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Efficient Algorithm ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Efficient Algorithms ◽  
Energy Space ◽  
Wireless Sensor

Energy efficiency has always been a hot issue in wireless sensor networks. A lot of energy-efficient algorithms have been proposed to reduce energy consumption in traditional wireless sensor networks. With the emergence of software-defined networking, researchers have demonstrated the feasibility of software-defined networking over traditional wireless sensor networks. Thus, energy-efficient algorithms in software-defined wireless sensor networks have been studied. In this article, we propose an energy-efficient algorithm based on multi-energy-space in software-defined wireless sensor networks. First, we propose a novel architecture of software-defined wireless sensor networks according to current research on software-defined wireless sensor networks. Then, we introduce the concept of multi-energy-space which is based on the residual energy. Based on the novel architecture of software-defined wireless sensor networks and the concept of multi-energy-space, we give a detailed introduction of the main idea of our multi-energy-space-based energy-efficient algorithm. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm performs better in energy consumption balance and network lifetime extension compared with the typical energy-efficient algorithms in traditional wireless sensor networks.

scholarly journals Optimizing Energy Consumption in IoT based Scalable Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Selection For

In recent era of IoT, energy ingesting by sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is one of the key challenges. It is decisive to diminish energy ingesting due to restricted battery lifespan of sensor nodes, Objective of this research is to develop efficient routing protocol/algorithm in IoT based scenario to enhance network performance with QoS parameters. Therefore, keeping this objective in mind, a QoS based Optimized Energy Clustering Routing (QOECR) protocol for IoT based WSN is proposed and evaluated. QOECR discovers optimal path for sink node and provides better selection for sub-sink nodes. Simulation has been done in MATLAB to assess the performance of QOECR with pre-existing routing protocols. Simulation outcomes represent that QOECR reduces E2E delay 30%-35%, enhances throughput 25%-30%, minimizes energy consumption 35%-40%, minimizes packet loss 28%-32%, improves PDR and prolongs network lifetime 32%-38% than CBCCP, HCSM and ZEAL routing protocols.

scholarly journals Network Performance Metrics for Energy Efficient Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Felicia Engmann ◽  
Kofi Sarpong Adu-Manu ◽  
Jamal-Deen Abdulai ◽  
Ferdinand Apietu Katsriku
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Ieee 802.11B ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Iot Devices

In Wireless Sensor Networks, sensor nodes are deployed to ensure continuous monitoring of the environment which requires high energy utilization during the data transmission. To address the challenge of high energy consumption through frequent independent data transmission, the IEEE 802.11b provides a backoff window that reduces collisions and energy losses. In the case of Internet of Things (IoTs), billions of devices communicate with each other simultaneously. Therefore, adapting the contention/backoff window size to data traffic to reduce congestion has been one such approach in WSN. In recent years, the IEEE 802.11b MAC protocol is used in most ubiquitous technology adopted for devices communicating in the IoT environment. In this paper, we perform a thorough evaluation of the IEEE 802.11b standard taking into consideration the channel characteristics for IoT devices. Our evaluation is aimed at determining the optimum parameters suitable for network optimization in IoT systems utilizing the IEEE 802.11b protocol. Performance analysis is made on the sensitivity of the IEEE 802.11b protocol with respect to the packet size, packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay, and energy consumption. Our studies have shown that for optimal performance, IoT devices using IEEE 802.11b channel require data packet of size 64 bytes, a data rate of 11Mbps, and an interpacket generation interval of 4 seconds. The sensitivity analysis of the optimal parameters was simulated using NS3. We observed PDR values ranging between 27% and 31%, an average end-to-end delay ranging within 10-15 ms while the energy remaining was between 5.59 and 5.63Joules. The results clearly indicate that scheduling the rate of packet generation and transmission will improve the network performance for IoT devices while maintaining data reliability.

QoS Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Routing Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Omkar Singh ◽  
Vinay Rishiwal
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
End To End

Background & Objective: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consist of huge number of tiny senor nodes. WSN collects environmental data and sends to the base station through multi-hop wireless communication. QoS is the salient aspect in wireless sensor networks that satisfies end-to-end QoS requirement on different parameters such as energy, network lifetime, packets delivery ratio and delay. Among them Energy consumption is the most important and challenging factor in WSN, since the senor nodes are made by battery reserved that tends towards life time of sensor networks. Methods: In this work an Improve-Energy Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Hierarchy (I-EAMMH) QoS based routing approach has been proposed and evaluated that reduces energy consumption and delivers data packets within time by selecting optimum cost path among discovered routes which extends network life time. Results and Conclusion: Simulation has been done in MATLAB on varying number of rounds 400- 2000 to checked the performance of proposed approach. I-EAMMH is compared with existing routing protocols namely EAMMH and LEACH and performs better in terms of end-to-end-delay, packet delivery ratio, as well as reduces the energy consumption 13%-19% and prolongs network lifetime 9%- 14%.

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