scholarly journals Area under Rapeseed Cultivation as a Factor Differentiating the Economic Performance of Biodiesel Producers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8568
Author(s):  
Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska ◽  
Krzysztof Józef Jankowski ◽  
Tomasz Rokicki ◽  
Michał Gostkowski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Full Time Employee ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the area under rapeseed cultivation on the economic performance and organization of farms. The study was conducted in 164 rapeseed farms in different Polish voivodeships. A targeted sampling procedure was used to select farms for the study. The studied population was divided into four groups depending on area under rapeseed cultivation rates. The selected farms were located in voivodeships with the highest rapeseed acreage rates of the total cropped area. The economic performance of the examined farms improved with increases in rapeseed area. Farms with larger rapeseed areas were characterized by higher production values and better economic performance. On average, the total production value per farm was highest in the group of farms with rapeseed areas of 20.1–30 ha. Similar results were noted when total production values were expressed per ha of arable land, per full-time employee and per man-hour. Total production value was lowest in farms with the smallest rapeseed areas. Farms with the largest areas under rapeseed cultivation achieved the highest farm household income. The farm household income values per full-time employee and per man-hour were highest in farms with the largest areas under rapeseed cultivation. The values of fixed assets and current assets increased with increases in rapeseed area. Most farms were run by owners with secondary school education. The highest percentages of farmers with university education were noted in farms with rapeseed areas of 10–20.1 ha (37.5%) and above 30 ha (30.4%). The vast majority of farms from all groups were run by male farmers. The research results could be useful for policy makers, because they indicate that rapeseed production can not only be profitable but can also be used for biofuel production.

The Impact of Rural Taxation Reform on Farm Household Income

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiping Xu ◽  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
H. Holly Wang
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Taxation Reform ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

The importance of farmers' markets for West Virginia direct marketers

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Brown ◽  
Stacy M. Miller ◽  
Deborah A. Boone ◽  
Harry N. Boone ◽  
Stacy A. Gartin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Farmers Market ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the winter of 2004–2005, over 300 of West Virginia's farmers' market vendors were surveyed with regard to sales levels, promotional techniques and operational characteristics such as hours worked, types of products produced and length of season. Vendors were categorized based on part-time, full-time or retired status, and full-time farmers, both with and without off-farm jobs, were found to be distinct from part-time and retired vendors with respect to 2004 total farmers' market sales and the percentage of household income from farmers' markets. Econometric analysis [ordinary least squares (OLS)] was performed to identify the impact of explanatory variables on total farmers' market sales, percentage of household income from farmers' market sales and amount of household income from farmers' market sales. Independent variables such as bargaining, cost-plus pricing, selling at markets outside West Virginia and providing print materials were found to have a positive impact on annual sales. The number of products produced, distance traveled to market and number of weeks at market were also positively related to the percentage of income obtained from farmers' market sales. Both part-time and retired producers received a lower percentage of household income from farmers' markets relative to full-time producers. Retired and part-time, along with limited-resource vendors (with annual household income less than $20,000) were also found to have lower total sales in the 2004 season. Identifying the characteristics associated with greater farmers' market sales and a higher reliance on such sales for household income will help in the sustained success of markets as engines of economic development and small farm viability.

scholarly journals FLEXIBLE FORM OF EMPLOYMENT: PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Viktor Barhatov ◽  
Yuner Kapkaev ◽  
Anna Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Population Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Functional Flexibility ◽  
Flexible Employment ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Flexible Form ◽  
Full Time Employee ◽  
The Impact

The need for the study is justified by the development of flexible forms of employment in the economy with new job opportunities for the international division of labor. The paper analyzed new job opportunities and risks associated with flexible form of employment for the workers, employers and the state individually as well as in relation to each other. The study investigated the future prospects of flexible forms of employment along with its impact on the economic opportunities for the enterprises and workers and conclusion has been drawn. The impact of flexible employment was also investigated on the welfare of the population and the development of national economies in the context of globalization. Three forms of flexible employment: temporal flexibility, spatial flexibility and functional flexibility have been identified to achieve the research goal. The prospects of flexible form of employment for the enterprise and employee were assessed based on the subjective approach. The rapid assessment and empirical analysis method were used to track the population dynamics and their interest in flexible forms of employment. The results show that the increase in the share of flexible employment in the economy is justified by the increased importance of creative labor in the labor market. Flexible workers represent a diverse population group in terms of the socio-economic structure. The active development of flexible forms of employment has been considered as a manifestation of the self-regulating economy and as a form of adaptation of the population to the changing socio-economic situation. The new agile business integration can reduce the costs of hiring a full-time employee and increases employees’ motivation level. The state needs to institutionalize new forms of employment in order to ensure the competitiveness of the national economy and to ensure budget revenues.

scholarly journals Strategies to Manage Risk and their Role in Impacting Economic Performance among Farm Households

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Hisham S. El-Osta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
College Education ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Data from the 2015 ARMS and a multinomial probit regression model were used in an attempt to discern the impact of socio-economic factors on the likelihood of a farm household falling in a favorable income-wealth category delineated by above-median income and wealth levels. A primary determinant considered was the number of risk management strategies utilized by the farm household. Findings indicate that farmers who layer up the adoption of risk management strategies are most likely to secure an economic performance status characterized by ‘low-income, high-wealth’. Aging farm operators and those with college education and who operate larger sized farms are found more likely to be in the top economic performance category of ‘high-income, high-wealth’.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF FISCAL POLICY TOWARD ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND POVERTY RATE IN INDONESIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-424
Author(s):  
Indra Maipita ◽  
Mohd. Dan Jantan ◽  
Nor Azam Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The government is continuously formulating some policies in order to boast economic growth and downsize poverty rate. However, the government is facing some obstacles such as an increasingly in budget deficit which is potentially impacting to the determining of priority scale as well as the pro and contra within it. Based on that consideration, economic policy is needed to be revised and redesigned in order to meet the need of pro growth, pro job, and pro poor. Generally, this research aims to examine the impact of an expansion and contraction of fiscal policy measures on Indonesia economic performance. For the purpose of this study, the change of macro economic indicators, economic sector performance, and the change of poverty and income distribution are examined using the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. In order to evaluate the disparity of income distribution, beta distribution function is used which is adopted from Decaluwe, et al. (1999). This study employs Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke (F-G-T) and Cockburn (2001) methods to evaluate poverty (poverty incidence) on each household group. The results of this study show that the impact of an increase in subsidy is more favourable than two others fiscal policy measures. Even though the policy of transfer income gives a positive impact for the upsizing of rural household income and the downsizing in poverty, but on the other hand it has negative impact on others household income which aggregately has a negative impact on the decreasing of GDP. JEL Classification: I32, E62.Keywords: fiscal policy, poverty, income distribution

The Potential Role of Unemployment Benefits in Shaping the Mental Health Impact of Unemployment

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Rodriguez ◽  
Kathryn Lasch ◽  
June P. Mead
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Unemployment Compensation ◽  
Total Household Income ◽  
The Impact

This study looks at the association between formal systems of support (unemployment compensation or welfare) and mental health outcomes during periods of unemployment. It assesses whether unemployed persons not receiving unemployment benefits are at greater risk of reporting depression and suffering ill-health than those receiving some kind of unemployment compensation, independent of total household income. The authors performed a secondary analysis of data collected in the National Survey of Families and Households, 1987–1988. Outcome measures included an index of depression and perception of health status. Multiple regression analyses were used. The unemployed receiving unemployment compensation or benefits from other entitlement programs did not report significantly higher depression relative to the employed. Rather, the study found a significantly higher index of depression among unemployed persons receiving welfare benefits or no benefits, even after controlling for total household income and previous employment/unemployment history. Thus unemployment compensation may play an important role in ameliorating the impact of unemployment on depression. By contrast, means-tested benefits may not be sufficient to reduce the risk for reporting depression and suffering ill-health in comparison with the full-time employed. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of social policy development.

scholarly journals Technology Adoption and Off-Farm Household Income: The Case of Herbicide-Tolerant Soybeans

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo ◽  
Chad Hendricks ◽  
Ashok Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Total Household Income ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

We model the interaction of off-farm work and adoption of agricultural technologies and the impact of adopting these technologies on farm household income from on farm and off-farm sources after controlling for such interaction, and estimate the model for the case of adoption of herbicide-tolerant (HT) soybeans using a nationwide survey of soybean farms for 2000. We find that adoption of HT soybeans is positively and significantly related to off-farm household income for U.S. soybean farmers, after controlling for other factors. In addition, while on-farm household income is not significantly related to adoption, total household income increases significantly with adoption.

scholarly journals Farm household income inequality in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e0112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Štefan Bojnec ◽  
Imre Fertő
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Market Income ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

Aim of study: To investigate the structure and evolution of farm household income and examine the contribution of different sources of farm household income, particularly the impact of Common Agricultural Policy reform on farm household income inequality in Slovenia.Area of study: Slovenia, one of the European Union member states.Material and methods: A panel data set was compiled using Slovenian Farm Accountancy Data Network data at farm level for the period 2007-2013. Total farm household income was disaggregated into two different components: 1) income components, which can contain market income and off-farm income, and 2) subsidy components, which can contain subsidies from Pillars 1 and 2. Pillar 2 support included subsidies related to agri-environmental measures, less favoured areas and other rural development measures. The income distribution and decomposition were examined using the Gini decomposition method to determine the contribution of each income source and the policy shift from market to government support on farm household income and overall inequality.Main results: A shift in Common Agricultural Policy and related measures determined the structure and evolution of farm household incomes. Off-farm income had a lesser and rather stable impact on farm household income inequality, while the major change involved an increase in the importance of subsidies from Pillar 2 which is consistent with a policy of targeting farms in less favoured areas. Subsidies from Pillar 1 reduced, while market income increased farm household income inequality.Research highlights: Subsidies in farm incomes increased. They could reduce farm household income inequality.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Climate Resilient Technologies in Minimizing Drought Impacts on Farm Incomes in Drylands

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 382
Author(s):  
Josily Samuel ◽  
Chitiprolu Anantha Rama Rao ◽  
Bellapukonda Murali Krishna Raju ◽  
Anugu Amarender Reddy ◽  
Pushpanjali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Control Village ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Rearing

Abstract: Asia is the region most vulnerable to climate change and India is ranked as one of the most climate vulnerable countries in the world, frequently affected by natural disasters. In this study, we investigated the impact of drought on crop productivity, farmer’s employment and income. The difference-in-difference model (DID) and stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) were employed to quantify the impact of adopting climate resilient technologies (CRTs) on farm household income during a drought. The factors influencing farm incomes were analyzed using MLR. The study used survey data collected from the drought prone district of Telangana, India. Sixty farmers each from a village adopted under the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) program and a control village were interviewed. Primary data on the socio-economic characteristic of farmers, cropping pattern, income composition, productivity of major crops, employment and climate resilient interventions adopted by farmers were collected using a well-structured schedule. The results reveal that income crop cultivation was the major contributor to household income (60%) followed by livestock rearing. Farmers reported that droughts decreased the income from crops by 54 per cent and income from livestock rearing by 40 per cent. The farmers belonging to the climate resilient village had 35 per cent higher incomes compared to those in the control village and it was estimated to be Rs. 31,877/farm household/year during droughts using the DID estimate. Farm size, livestock possession, adoption of CRTs and investment in agriculture were the determining factors influencing farm income. Thus, farmers especially in drought prone regions need to be encouraged and supported to adopt cost effective, location specific climate resilient technologies.

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