scholarly journals Glare at Outdoor Workplaces—An Underestimated Factor of Occupational Risk

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Dariusz Sawicki ◽  
Agnieszka Wolska
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Public Areas

Lighting is an integral aspect of electrical engineering and public safety, as buildings, public areas—both indoors and outdoors—or any type of workplace must be illuminated in a way to prevent accidents. The sensation of glare, in particular, plays an important role in visual comfort and consequently influences occupational risk. The aim of this article is to draw attention to the problem of glare at outdoor workplaces. We have carried out an assessment of glare at outdoor workplaces in 19 different industrial plants. At 20 task areas (21.5% of the 93 examined) the determined degree of glare exceeded the limits specified in the standard. In eight categories of industrial plants (66.7% of 12 examined) defined in the standard, there was at least one task area where the requirements of the standard in terms of glare limitation were not met. The presented analysis leaves no doubt about drawing the conclusion that glare at outdoor workplaces is mostly underestimated or simply neglected, although it could cause high risk in workplaces.

Assessment of human–crocodile conflict in Mexico: patterns, trends and hotspots areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús García-Grajales ◽  
Alejandra Buenrostro-Silva
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Information Status ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas

An understanding of the factors, patterns of activities and seasonality per region that shape the response to the human–crocodile (HC) conflict in Mexico by humans is essential for prevention and mitigation of negative interactions. We compiled the publicly available data on incidents of crocodile attacks on the Gulf of Mexico and Mexican Pacific coast from January 2000 to the first days of January 2018. Of the recorded unprovoked crocodile attacks (n=149) on humans in Mexico, 102 cases correspond to the Mexican Pacific coast and 47 to the Gulf of Mexico. The age of victims involved in the majority of the attacks ranged from 19 to 40 years old. Three municipalities of high risk (hotspots areas) were Puerto Vallarta, Lázaro Cárdenas and Pinotepa Nacional in the Mexican Pacific coast, whereas, in the Gulf of Mexico, only Bénito Juárez was of high risk. To mitigate this conflict, it is necessary that local authorities in the municipalities (mainly in those of high risk) establish public-safety programs with the goal of raising awareness of the risk of crocodile attacks on the basis of information status and distribution of the crocodile population, linked to the extent of HC conflicts, as a first step for better management and risk mitigation.

scholarly journals The Occupational Stress from Workplace Violence and the 2019-nCoV Pandemic in Chinese Healthcare Professionals: A Mobile App-Based Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Sun ◽  
Lanbo Zhao ◽  
Lisong He ◽  
Zhihua Ma ◽  
Junkai Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Occupation

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the medical occupational risk and stress level of workplace violence (WPV) and novel coronavirus 2019 ( 2019-nCoV) pandemic in Chinese healthcare professionals (HPs).Methods: A national questionnaire survey was created to investigate HPs from 21 provinces of China. Seven questions in environment part and eight questions in stress part were used to assess medical occupation risk and stress respectively. Categorical data were statistically analyzed using chi-square tests. Structural equation model was performed to examine the correlations and differences among experiences of WPV, the 2019-nCoVpandemic, and occupational stress.Results:Totally, 1241 HPs completed the online survey from March 1st, 2020 to May 25th, 2020. The majority of the participants thought the current Chinese medical occupation was in inferior circumstance (n = 433, 34.89%), at high risk (n = 1082, 81.19%) and was in middle class (n = 717, 57.78%). Work-related stress ranked first of medical occupational risk (n = 786, 63.34%). When being asked the possility for their children to choose medicine, most HPs were uncertain (n = 542, 43.67%) or opposed (n = 547, 44.08%). More HPs thought there was no stress under 2019-nCoV pandemic (n = 303, 24.42%) than that under WPV (n = 48, 3.87%). WPV (Stress index = 3.23) put more pressure on HPs than the 2019-nCoV pandemic did (Stress index = 2.33) with significant difference (P = 0.006). WPV had a positive relationship with increasing doctor-patient conflicts (E=0.5, P0.000), and a negative correlation with ego-enhancement (E=-0.2, P=0.000) and public concern (E=-0.2, P=0.000). The 2019-nCoV pandemic had a positive correlation with ego-enhancement (E=0.09, P=0.006), the public's concern (E=0.1, P=0.002) and healthcare reform (E=0.1, P=0.000).Conclusions: Most HPs believe that the current environment for Chinese medical occupation is abominable and at high risk. Compared with WPV, the 2019-nCoV pandemic increases personal risks and reduces psychological stress to HPs. WPV weakens enthusiasm and significantly intensifies doctor-patient conflicts.

An exploration of the use of tactical officers in three Canadian police services

2020 ◽  
pp. 0032258X2096283
Author(s):  
Bryce Jenkins ◽  
Tori Semple ◽  
Craig Bennell ◽  
Laura Huey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Tactical Officers

In order to better understand the use of tactical police resources in Canada we interviewed patrol and tactical officers ( N = 28) from three Canadian police services. A thematic analysis indicated that tactical officers are primarily responding to calls beyond the capabilities of patrol to resolve optimally which included high-risk calls as denoted by the presence of risk-factors and calls unfolding in special environments. Further, tactical officer response is thought to result in a reduced threat to officer and public safety. Our findings suggest that in contrast to previous claims, tactical officers are often responding to calls where significant risk is present.

scholarly journals Early detection of lung cancer in a population at high risk due to occupation and smoking

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S Welch ◽  
John M Dement ◽  
Kim Cranford ◽  
Janet Shorter ◽  
Patricia S Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancers

ObjectiveThe US National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends two pathways for eligibility for Early Lung Cancer Detection (ELCD) programmes. Option 2 includes individuals with occupational exposures to lung carcinogens, in combination with a lesser requirement on smoking. Our objective was to determine if this algorithm resulted in a similar prevalence of lung cancer as has been found using smoking risk alone, and if so to present an approach for lung cancer screening in high-risk worker populations.MethodsWe enrolled 1260 former workers meeting NCCN criteria, with modifications to account for occupational exposures in an ELCD programme.ResultsAt baseline, 1.6% had a lung cancer diagnosed, a rate similar to the National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST). Among NLST participants, 59% were current smokers at the time of baseline scan or had quit smoking fewer than 15 years prior to baseline; all had a minimum of 30 pack-years of smoking. Among our population, only 24.5% were current smokers and 40.1% of our participants had smoked fewer than 30 pack-years; only 43.5% would meet entry criteria for the NLST. The most likely explanation for the high prevalence of screen-detected lung cancers in the face of a reduced risk from smoking is the addition of occupational risk factors for lung cancer.ConclusionOccupational exposures to lung carcinogens should be incorporated into criteria used for ELCD programmes, using the algorithm developed by NCCN or with an individualised risk assessment; current risk assessment tools can be modified to incorporate occupational risk.

scholarly journals An Innovative Approach to Determining High-Risk Nodes in a Complex Urban Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Urban Sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Liudan Jiao ◽  
Shulin Chen ◽  
Milan Deng ◽  
Ningxin Shen
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Transit Station

Public safety presents high importance in urban sustainable development. Transportation safety is a significant section in public safety. Over the last couple of decades, as a sustainable means of public transportation, urban rail transit presents a rapid development in China. Increasing initiatives and practices have been engaged with views to facilitating people’s travel and intensive utilizing land resources. Echoing this, rail transit stations with multi-floor structure have been built and show structure complexity. Due to this complexity, there is a need to focus on risk management for the stations to guarantee operation safety. Accordingly, this research introduces an innovative approach to identify high-risk nodes in the complex rail transit stations. The high-risk nodes are determined according to two aspects, which are the key nodes of the station and presenting large passenger volumes. Complex network analysis and field investigation were adopted in this study. The Lianglukou rail transit station in Chongqing, China was selected for case study. The research results in this study indicate that (1) in platform floors, stairs/escalators are almost high-risk nodes; (2) columns and metal fences that have been determined as high-risk nodes are located near stairs/escalators; (3) in concourse floor, the determined high-risk nodes present relative high degree centrality and low betweenness centrality compared with nodes in platform floor. The obtained high-risk nodes are helpful for the management firms to develop risk mitigation measures and re-allocate their resources to create a safe environment for passengers in the stations. The guarantee for the rail transit station operation safety plays an important role in enhancing urban sustainability.

scholarly journals The improving state of Q fever surveillance. A review of Queensland notifications, 2003–2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Tozer ◽  
Caitlin Wood ◽  
Damin Si ◽  
Michael Nissen ◽  
Theo Sloots ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Exposure Pathways

Q fever is a notifiable zoonotic disease in Australia, caused by infection with Coxiella burnetii. This study has reviewed 2,838 Q fever notifications reported in Queensland between 2003 and 2017 presenting descriptive analyses, with counts, rates, and proportions. For this study period, Queensland accounted for 43% of the Australian national Q fever notifications. Enhanced surveillance follow-up of Q fever cases through Queensland Public Health Units was implemented in 2012, which improved the data collected for occupational risk exposures and animal contacts. For 2013–2017, forty-nine percent (377/774) of cases with an identifiable occupational group would be considered high risk for Q fever. The most common identifiable occupational group was agricultural/farming (31%). For the same period, at-risk environmental exposures were identified in 82% (961/1,170) of notifications; at-risk animal-related exposures were identified in 52% (612/1,170) of notifications; abattoir exposure was identified in 7% of notifications. This study has shown that the improved follow-up of Q fever cases since 2012 has been effective in the identification of possible exposure pathways for Q fever transmission. This improved surveillance has highlighted the need for further education and heightened awareness of Q fever risk for all people living in Queensland, not just those in previously-considered high risk occupations.

scholarly journals The improving state of Q fever surveillance. A review of Queensland notifications, 2003–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Tozer ◽  
Caitlin Wood ◽  
Damin Si ◽  
Michael Nissen ◽  
Theo Sloots ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Exposure Pathways

Q fever is a notifiable zoonotic disease in Australia, caused by infection with Coxiella burnetii. This study has reviewed 2,838 Q fever notifications reported in Queensland between 2003 and 2017 presenting descriptive analyses, with counts, rates, and proportions. For this study period, Queensland accounted for 43% of the Australian national Q fever notifications. Enhanced surveillance follow-up of Q fever cases through Queensland Public Health Units was implemented in 2012, which improved the data collected for occupational risk exposures and animal contacts. For 2013–2017, forty-nine percent (377/774) of cases with an identifiable occupational group would be considered high risk for Q fever. The most common identifiable occupational group was agricultural/farming (31%). For the same period, at-risk environmental exposures were identified in 82% (961/1,170) of notifications; at-risk animal-related exposures were identified in 52% (612/1,170) of notifications; abattoir exposure was identified in 7% of notifications. This study has shown that the improved follow-up of Q fever cases since 2012 has been effective in the identification of possible exposure pathways for Q fever transmission. This improved surveillance has highlighted the need for further education and heightened awareness of Q fever risk for all people living in Queensland, not just those in previously-considered high risk occupations.

On-site defibrillation by lay people in high risk public areas: An innovative project in Portugal

Resuscitation ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Filipa Canário-Almeida ◽  
O. Camacho ◽  
C. Granja ◽  
A. Costa-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Innovative Project ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Public Areas

Influence of Working Conditions of Priority Sectors of the Economy of Kazakhstan on the Formation of Occupational Risks

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
S.A. Bekeeva ◽  
◽  
N.G. Dzhumagulova ◽  
Zh.Kh. Esbenbetova ◽  
A.E. Tanabaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
High Degree

Occupational risk assessment was carried out for the employees of 956 different professions of 20 enterprises under study in five sectors of the economy: construction, mining, manufacturing, agriculture, transportation, and warehousing. The study was conducted using the Methodological Recommendation on the implementation of the occupational risk management system at an enterprise. This Methodological Recommendation was developed by the Republican state enterprise on the right of economic management — Republican Scientific Research Institute for Labour Protection of Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Occupational risks were assessed in the context of specific professions and structural divisions of the enterprises by five indicators: harmful working conditions, injury risk of the labor process, safety of production equipment, availability of personal protective equipment, and risk of morbidity. Based on the results of the assessment, the degree of individual occupational risk on each assessed indicator is determined by five gradations: I — acceptable risk, II — low, III — medium, IV — high and V — very high. According to the results of the occupational risk assessment, a high risk (4 degree) was established at the enterprises of mining, construction, agricultural industries, as well as transport, and warehousing industries. According to the results of equipment safety assessment, a high risk (grade IV) was identified at the enterprises of transport and mining industries. Due to the low provision with the personal protective equipment and its non-compliance with the certification requirements, a high risk is assigned to the enterprises of mining and construction industries. It is established that a high degree of occupational risk is due to the injury risk of working conditions, insufficient provision of personal protective equipment along with their low quality, the severity and intensity of the labor process accompanied by a high degree of the employees morbidity, as well as the use of the outdated equipment in production.

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