scholarly journals Cellulose Blended Membranes for High-Salinity Water Pervaporation Desalination

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Jawad Fareed ◽  
Muhammad Zafar ◽  
Mohsin Saleem ◽  
Rizwan Ahmed Malik ◽  
Muddassir Ali
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Zro2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Tga And Dsc

In the current study, cellulose acetate (CA)/cellulose triacetate (CTA) nanocomposite membranes blended with zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) are prepared via phase inversion for pervaporation desalination performance. ZrO2 nanoparticles are added to enhance the hydrophilicity and porosity of the nanocomposite membranes. The fabricated nanocomposite membranes are characterized by SEM, FTIR, TGA, and DSC to study the surface morphology, chemical composition, thermal stability and strength. Nanocomposite membranes’ performance for pervaporation desalination is assessed as a function of feed concentration. Pervaporation results revealed that the nanocomposite membrane consisting of 2% ZrO2 achieved a maximum water flux of 6.5 kg/m2h, whereas the salt rejection was about 99.8%.

Monthly Water Exchange through the Ryukyu Islands Revealed by Salinity Structural Changes

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2335-2339
Author(s):  
Ya Pan Liu ◽  
Jian Cheng Kang ◽  
Jiong Zhu ◽  
Qin Chen Han
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
World Ocean Atlas

Using salinity database of World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09) issued by NOAA in 2010, refer the range of high-salinity tongue to indicate the strength about high-salinity water, from the perspective of structural changes of salinity; the water exchange through Ryukyu Islands upper 500 m have been analyzed, the results show that: due to Ryukyu Trough, currents on both sides of Ryukyu Islands occur exchange, for upper 500 m, high-salinity water in east of the Ryukyu Islands mainly invade the west waterthe Kuroshio in East China Sea; the intrusion strength is powerful from the depth of 100 m to 200 m, and the 150 m layer is the core layer of high-salinity water intrusion; the high-salinity water at the east of Ryukyu Islands invades the Kuroshio are stronger in March, May, June, September, October and November, are weaker in April and December.

THE FEASIBILITY OF KAOLIN AS MAIN MATERIAL FOR LOW COST POROUS CERAMIC HOLLOW FIBRE MEMBRANE PREPARED USING COMBINED PHASE INVERSION AND SINTERING TECHNIQUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman ◽  
A. F. Ismail ◽  
Mukhlis A. Rahman ◽  
Juhana Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽  
Fibre Membrane ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

Ceramic hollow fibre membrane (CHFM) demonstrated superior characteristics and performance in any separation application. The only problem associated with this kind of technology is the high cost. In order to effectively fabricate and produce low cost porous CHFM, a series of CHFMs made of kaolin were fabricated via combined phase inversion and sintering technique. The CHFMs from kaolin named as kaolin hollow fibre membranes (KHFMs) were studied at different kaolin contents of 35 wt.%, 37.5 wt.% and 40 wt.% sintered at 1200ºC. The result indicated that by varying kaolin contents, different morphologies were obtained due to changes in the viscosity of ceramic suspension containing kaolin. The optimum kaolin content for KHFM was identified. It was found that KHFM prepared at 37.5 wt% has a mechanical strength and pure water flux of A and B respectively.  

scholarly journals Mesoscale eddies and submesoscale structures of Persian Gulf Water off the Omani coast in spring 2011

Ocean Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre L'Hégaret ◽  
Xavier Carton ◽  
Stephanie Louazel ◽  
Guillaume Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Mesoscale Eddies ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Strait Of Hormuz ◽  
Persian Gulf Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Sea Of Oman

Abstract. The Persian Gulf produces high-salinity water (Persian Gulf Water, PGW hereafter), which flows into the Sea of Oman via the Strait of Hormuz. Beyond the Strait of Hormuz, the PGW cascades down the continental slope and spreads in the Sea of Oman under the influence of the energetic mesoscale eddies. The PGW outflow has different thermohaline characteristics and pathways, depending on the season. In spring 2011, the Phys-Indien experiment was carried out in the Arabian Sea and in the Sea of Oman. The Phys-Indien 2011 measurements, as well as satellite observations, are used here to characterize the circulation induced by the eddy field and its impact on the PGW pathway and evolution. During the spring intermonsoon, an anticyclonic eddy is often observed at the mouth of the Sea of Oman. It creates a front between the eastern and western parts of the basin. This structure was observed in 2011 during the Phys-Indien experiment. Two energetic eddies were also present along the southern Omani coast in the Arabian Sea. At their peripheries, ribbons of freshwater and cold water were found due to the stirring created by the eddies. The PGW characteristics are strongly influenced by these eddies. In the western Sea of Oman, in 2011, the PGW was fragmented into filaments and submesoscale eddies. It also recirculated locally, thus creating salty layers with different densities. In the Arabian Sea, a highly saline submesoscale lens was recorded offshore. Its characteristics are analyzed here and possible origins are proposed. The recurrence of such lenses in the Arabian Sea is also briefly examined.

scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of the potential for mangrove oyster cultivation in Piraquê-açu river estuary (Aracruz, ES)

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Alvarenga ◽  
Rosebel Cunha Nalesso
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
High Predation ◽  
Fouling Organisms ◽  
Oyster Cultivation

At Piraquê-açu river estuary, Aracruz, ES, the technical viability of Crassostrea rhizophorae cultivation was determined through monthly measures in shell length and weight. Seeds of C. rhizophorae were put in cages and suspended in rafts. Increase in height and weight (flesh and dry) of the oysters was measured. During ten months (July/98 to May/99), oyster shell reached an average of 37.6 mm in shell height and 3.0 g in flesh weight (the whole animal). High mortality rates were registered and could be related to the high salinity water and to high predation observed, especially by flatworms Stylochophana divae and snails Cymatium parthenopeum, as well as fouling organisms such as barnacles, Serpulidae polychaetes and seed of the same species.

Effective removal of 60Co from high-salinity water by Ca–Mg phosphate sorbents

2018 ◽  
Vol 318 (3) ◽  
pp. 2341-2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Ivanets ◽  
Natalja Kitikova ◽  
Irina Shashkova ◽  
Artem Radkevich ◽  
Lyudmila Shemet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Salinity Water

Trace element determination in high-salinity water using an online ion imprinted helical tube demineralizer combined with ICP-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1306-1315
Author(s):  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Bei Zheng ◽  
Chunfu Li ◽  
Jiale Zheng ◽  
Yanfen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Matrix Interference ◽  
Element Determination ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Ion Imprinted ◽  
Helical Tube ◽  
Trace Elements In Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
P Matrix

Matrix interference is a common problem in the measurement of trace elements in water via ICP-MS.

scholarly journals Salt tolerant acrylamide-based quenched polyampholytes for polymer flooding

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
N. Mukhametgazy ◽  
◽  
I.Sh. Gussenov ◽  
A.V. Shakhvorostov ◽  
S.E. Kudaibergenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Cationic Monomer ◽  
Aqueous Salt Solutions ◽  
Salinity Water

In our previous papers [1, 2] we considered the behavior of linear and crosslinked polyampholytes based on fully charged anionic monomer — 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPS) and cationic monomer — (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC) in aqueous-salt solutions, swelling and mechanical properties. In the present paper we report the applicability of salt tolerant amphoter-ic terpolymers composed of AMPS, APTAC and acrylamide (AAm) in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The amphoteric terpolymers of different compositions, particularly [AAm]:[AMPS]:[APTAC] = 50:25:25; 60:20:20; 70:15:15; 80:10:10 and 90:5:5 mol.% were prepared by free-radical polymerization, identified and their viscosifying ability with respect to reservoir saline water (salinity is 163 g⋅L-1) at 60 °C was tested. It was found that due to polyampholytic nature, the AAm-AMPS-APTAC terpolymers exhibited improved viscosifying behavior at high salinity water. As a result, the appropriate salt tolerant sample [AAm]:[AMPS]:[APTAC] = 80:10:10 mol.% was selected for polymer flooding experiments. Polymer flood-ing experiments on high permeable sand pack model demonstrated that only 0.5 % oil was recovered by am-photeric terpolymer. While injection of polyampholyte solution into preliminarily water flooded core sample resulted in the increase of oil recovery up to 4.8–5 %. These results show that under certain conditions the amphoteric terpolymers have a decent oil displacement ability.

scholarly journals Failure of Zoned Earth Dam (An analysis of earth dam break)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-353
Author(s):  
Abdul-Hassan K. Al-Shukur ◽  
Ranya Badea’ Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
The Body ◽  
Earth Dam ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Maximum Water Level ◽  
Maximum Water

One of the most common type of embankment dam failure is the dam-break due to overtopping. In this study, the finite elements method has been used to analyze seepage and limit equilibrium method to study stability of the body of an earthfill dam during the flood condition. For this purpose, the software Geostudio 2012 is used through its subprograms SEEP/W and SLOPE/W. Al-Adhaim dam in Iraq has been chosen to analysis the 5 days of flood. It was found that the water flux of seepage during the flood reaches about 8.772*10-5. m3/sec when the water level 146.5 m at 2nd day. Seepage through the embankment at maximum water level increased by 55.1 % from maximum water level. It was concluded that the factor of safety against sliding in downstream side decrease with increasing water level and vice versa. It was also concluded that the deposits are getting more critical stability during the conditions of flood when the factor of safety value reaches 1.219 at 2nd day.

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