scholarly journals Comparison of Energy Performance of Existing Building with Adoption of Nearly Zero Energy Building Concept in Rural Area of Bhutan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Samten Lhendup
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Buildings

The climate is changing very fast today, and this is not natural. We are experiencing the impact of climate change in many aspects. It is also expected to impact the performance of buildings badly in due course of time. In recent years, many countries started investing to evaluate the energy performances of the buildings and opting for the best suited energy-saving measures. However, this concept may be new in the context of Bhutan. However, the author expects that this new concept may revolutionize the building construction sectors in Bhutan. Many studies show that buildings are one of the world’s largest consumers of energy, and on the other hand, strategies are available to reduce energy consumption. The strategies can be applied right from the design phases for the new buildings and retrofits for the old buildings. In order to apply the best strategies of energy consumption reduction and to understand building energy consumption patterns, an evaluation of the building’s energy performance needs to be carried out.

scholarly journals Metamodeling of building energy consumption focused on climate, operation, space use and users related factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 04027
Author(s):  
Aymeric Novel ◽  
Francis Allard ◽  
Patrice Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Modeling Uncertainties ◽  
Operation Phase ◽  
The Impact

Energy performance guarantee projects aim at achieving a given energy consumption in real life conditions. Building energy consumption monitoring during operation phase often reveals that energy consumption is sensitive to building spaces use and systems operation quality, especially for buildings with high energy performance characteristics [7]. Other investigations show the impact of building users’ behaviour on energy consumption [28]. These factors must be added to climate factors for energy consumption prediction during operation phase. Number of factors and possible combinations is very high. Building energy modeling is limited regarding this issue and metamodeling has been used to solve this problem [25]. We developed metamodels that are polynomial functions using D-optimal design of experiment (DOE) approach. Such metamodels can become operational tools to use in the IPMVP framework, associated with a M&V plan. This paper shows the application of the method on a cultural building that comprises numerous systems and usages. We obtain a reliable metamodel of the energy consumption as a function of climate, operation, and space use factors. which meets IPMVP [11] and ASHRAE Guideline 14 [3] modeling uncertainties criteria. We also determine the global uncertainty resulting from predictors’ uncertainties propagation and modelling uncertainty associated with the metamodel.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the effects of thermal insulation levels on the energy performance of New Zealand office buildings- exploring the impact of building attributes on the performance of thermal insulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Brittany Grieve
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
The Impact

<p>This thesis explored the impact of thermal insulation on the energy performance of New Zealand air-conditioned commercial office buildings. A sample of calibrated energy models constructed using real building performance data and construction information was used to ensure that the results produced were as realistic as possible to the actual building performance of New Zealand commercial office buildings. The aim was to assess how different climates and building attributes impact thermal insulation's ability to reduce energy consumption in New Zealand commercial office buildings.   Driven by the ever increasing demands for healthier, more comfortable, more sustainable buildings, building regulations have steadily increased the levels of insulation they require in new buildings over time. Improving the thermal properties of the building envelope with the addition of thermal insulation is normally used to reduce the amount of heating and cooling energy a building requires. Thermal insulation reduces the conductive heat transfer through the building envelope and with a higher level of thermal resistance, the less heat would transfer through the envelope. Consequently, the common expectation is that the addition of thermal insulation to the building envelope will always reduce energy consumption. However, this assumption is not always the case. For internal load dominated buildings located in certain climates, the presence of any or a higher level of thermal insulation may prevent heat loss through the wall, increasing the cooling energy required. This issue is thought to have not been directly examined in literature until 2008. However, an early study undertaken in New Zealand in 1996 found that for climates similar or warmer than Auckland, the addition of insulation could be detrimental to an office building's energy efficiency due to increased cooling energy requirements.  The energy performance of a sample of 13 real New Zealand office building energy models with varying levels of thermal insulation in 8 locations was examined under various scenarios. A parametric method of analysis using building energy modelling was used to assess the energy performance of the buildings. Buildings were modelled as built and standardised with the current NZS4243:2007 regulated and assumed internal load and operational values. The effect the cooling thermostat set point temperature had on the buildings' energy performance at varying levels of insulation was also tested.   The study concluded that the use of thermal insulation in New Zealand office buildings can cause an increase in cooling energy for certain types of buildings in any of the eight locations and thermal insulation levels explored in the study. The increase in cooling energy was significant enough to increase the total energy consumption of two buildings when modelled as built. These buildings were characterised by large internal loads, low performance windows with high window to wall ratios and low surface to volume ratios. The current minimum thermal resistance requirements were found to not be effective for a number of buildings in North Island locations.</p>

scholarly journals An evaluation of the effects of thermal insulation levels on the energy performance of New Zealand office buildings- exploring the impact of building attributes on the performance of thermal insulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Brittany Grieve
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
The Impact

<p>This thesis explored the impact of thermal insulation on the energy performance of New Zealand air-conditioned commercial office buildings. A sample of calibrated energy models constructed using real building performance data and construction information was used to ensure that the results produced were as realistic as possible to the actual building performance of New Zealand commercial office buildings. The aim was to assess how different climates and building attributes impact thermal insulation's ability to reduce energy consumption in New Zealand commercial office buildings.   Driven by the ever increasing demands for healthier, more comfortable, more sustainable buildings, building regulations have steadily increased the levels of insulation they require in new buildings over time. Improving the thermal properties of the building envelope with the addition of thermal insulation is normally used to reduce the amount of heating and cooling energy a building requires. Thermal insulation reduces the conductive heat transfer through the building envelope and with a higher level of thermal resistance, the less heat would transfer through the envelope. Consequently, the common expectation is that the addition of thermal insulation to the building envelope will always reduce energy consumption. However, this assumption is not always the case. For internal load dominated buildings located in certain climates, the presence of any or a higher level of thermal insulation may prevent heat loss through the wall, increasing the cooling energy required. This issue is thought to have not been directly examined in literature until 2008. However, an early study undertaken in New Zealand in 1996 found that for climates similar or warmer than Auckland, the addition of insulation could be detrimental to an office building's energy efficiency due to increased cooling energy requirements.  The energy performance of a sample of 13 real New Zealand office building energy models with varying levels of thermal insulation in 8 locations was examined under various scenarios. A parametric method of analysis using building energy modelling was used to assess the energy performance of the buildings. Buildings were modelled as built and standardised with the current NZS4243:2007 regulated and assumed internal load and operational values. The effect the cooling thermostat set point temperature had on the buildings' energy performance at varying levels of insulation was also tested.   The study concluded that the use of thermal insulation in New Zealand office buildings can cause an increase in cooling energy for certain types of buildings in any of the eight locations and thermal insulation levels explored in the study. The increase in cooling energy was significant enough to increase the total energy consumption of two buildings when modelled as built. These buildings were characterised by large internal loads, low performance windows with high window to wall ratios and low surface to volume ratios. The current minimum thermal resistance requirements were found to not be effective for a number of buildings in North Island locations.</p>

scholarly journals Methodological evaluation of Integrated Façade Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-126
Author(s):  
Yahya Ibraheem ◽  
Poorang A.E. Piroozfar ◽  
Eric R.P. Farr ◽  
Neil Ravenscroft
Keyword(s):  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to test the robustness of energy performance of highly to fully glazed office buildings in hot and arid climates using the net energy figures. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a methodology to develop a base-case model for building energy simulation (BES) of highly to fully glazed office buildings followed by sensitivity analysis (linear regression model) to test the robustness of the results. Findings Net energy is best achieved on south, followed by southeast, and southwest façadesof the bulding; the increase in d/l ratio has a diverse effect, while there is a significant influence of glazing systems on the resultant net energy figures. Research limitations/implications The lack of experimental data for Integrated Façade System (IFS) with its various applications in the existing body of knowledge forms the main limitation of this research. Practical implications Findings can be of practical use to practitioners and academics to assist them as a decision tool when working on the energy performance of IFS. Social implications The research contributes to energy consumption reduction in office building stock at peak times, lowering the consequent energy shortage and blackouts for non-office buildings with clear positive social impacts. Originality/value Adopting a systemic approach in BES studies will help further the understanding on the impact of some phenomena and justify how the contributory parameters would behave when combined effects are under investigations.

scholarly journals Daily Habits and Energy Consumption: Go to Bed Earlier for Environmental Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Shigeru Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The Impact

Energy consumption reduction in the residential sector is crucial for mitigating global warming. This has prompted researchers to investigate the determinants of household energy consumption from various aspects. However, previous studies have not examined the impact of time allocation on energy consumption, primarily because of the lack of surveys that simultaneously examine time allocation and energy consumption. We conducted an original survey of 547 Japanese households to examine whether time allocation affects their electricity consumption. We divided a 48-hour period into 192 time slots and asked the households to choose one of the 20 types of actions listed for each slot. We also collected information on the socioeconomic background and electricity consumption of the households. After controlling for various factors that affect household electricity consumption, we examined whether time allocation determines electricity consumption. The empirical result of our study revealed that while a married male’s bedtime does not affect electricity consumption, a married female’s bedtime does. This suggests that it is essential to understand the daily habits of consumers for proposing effective energy conservation measures.Keywords: Electricity Usage, Household, Time Allocation

scholarly journals Approximate Computing Circuits for Embedded Tactile Data Processing

Electronics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Mario Osta ◽  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
Maurizio Valle
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Approximate Computing ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Kernel Approach ◽  
Computational Bottleneck ◽  
Value Decomposition ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of approximate computing techniques (ACTs) in the embedded Support Vector Machine (SVM) tensorial kernel circuit implementation in tactile sensing systems. Improving the performance of the embedded SVM in terms of power, area, and delay can be achieved by implementing approximate multipliers in the SVD. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is the main computational bottleneck of the tensorial kernel approach; since digital multipliers are extensively used in SVD implementation, we aim to optimize the implementation of the multiplier circuit. We present the implementation of the approximate SVD circuit based on the Approximate Baugh-Wooley (Approx-BW) multiplier. The approximate SVD achieves an energy consumption reduction of up to 16% at the cost of a Mean Relative Error decrease (MRE) of less than 5%. We assess the impact of the approximate SVD on the accuracy of the classification; showing that approximate SVD increases the Error rate (Err) within a range of one to eight percent. Besides, we propose a hybrid evaluation test approach that consists of implementing three different approximate SVD circuits having different numbers of approximated Least Significant Bits (LSBs). The results show that energy consumption is reduced by more than five percent with the same accuracy loss.

Determination of the optimal position of grain crusher boot screen of the impulse-reflective action

10.12737/2436 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Булатов ◽  
Sergey Bulatov ◽  
Савиных ◽  
Petr Savinykh ◽  
Миронов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Refinement Process ◽  
Consumption Change ◽  
The Impact

We have developed an experimental setup of corn crusher of shock-reflective action. The experimental data on the impact of the loading windows location of corn crusher of shock-reflective effect on its activity were obtained. Their analyses were carried out and we identified the optimal location of the loading window, from the point of view of the of energy consumption reduction of grain refinement process. The authors studied the influence of feed delivery through the lower, upper and both loading windows simultaneously. According to the results of the experiments, we constructed graphs of energy consumption change, depending on the capacity of the crusher, during the loading the crushed feed through the top, bottom and both windows. As a result of this work it was founded that: the lowest cost crusher throughput 90 kg per hour are observed, while loading the feed through both windows; increasing the capacity over 90 kg per hour implies a sharp increase in power consumption, when applying the feed through both windows, and minimal consumption - when filing through the upper window; minimum energy fall is when feeding the feed through the top of window and hitting speed of n=2900 ... 5100 min-1. Thus revealed, that in order to reduce the energy consumption for a finished product, we must conduct further studies at loading the feed through the top window, and the rotor speed must be within n=2900 ... 5100 min-1.

Study on Energy Consumption and Energy Saving Measures in Shanghai

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 1375-1379
Author(s):  
Qun Yin Gu ◽  
Cui Yu Wu ◽  
Hai Yan Chen ◽  
Qing Rong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Growth Economic

The energy consumption increases rapidly with the economic development and population change. Buildings are becoming the most important energy consumption sector in Shanghai. The gross domestic product per capita in Shanghai has reached to $13,500 in 2012 and the energy consumption is also amounted to 11,000×104 ton of coal equivalent. Buildings energy consumption accounted for about 25% of the total energy consumption. Building energy saving will greatly contribute to the energy saving and environmental protection. By analyzing the trend of population growth, economic development and energy consumption and the present buildings structure and situation in Shanghai, this paper proposed the measurements of building energy saving and energy consumption reduction.

Impact of roof shading on building energy performance in warm & humid climatic places of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Kuladeep Kumar Sadevi ◽  
Avlokita Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Base Case ◽  
U Value ◽  
The Impact

With the rise in awareness of energy efficient buildings and adoption of mandatory energy conservation codes across the globe, significant change is being observed in the way the buildings are designed. With the launch of Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in India, climate responsive designs and passive cooling techniques are being explored increasingly in building designs. Of all the building envelope components, roof surface has been identified as the most significant with respect to the heat gain due to the incident solar radiation on buildings, especially in tropical climatic conditions. Since ECBC specifies stringent U-Values for roof assembly, use of insulating materials is becoming popular. Along with insulation, the shading of the roof is also observed to be an important strategy for improving thermal performance of the building, especially in Warm and humid climatic conditions. This study intends to assess the impact of roof shading on building’s energy performance in comparison to that of exposed roof with insulation. A typical office building with specific geometry and schedules has been identified as base case model for this study. This building is simulated using energy modelling software ‘Design Builder’ with base case parameters as prescribed in ECBC. Further, the same building has been simulated parametrically adjusting the amount of roof insulation and roof shading simultaneously. The overall energy consumption and the envelope performance of the top floor are extracted for analysis. The results indicate that the roof shading is an effective passive cooling strategy for both naturally ventilated and air conditioned buildings in Warm and humid climates of India. It is also observed that a fully shaded roof outperforms the insulated roof as per ECBC prescription. Provision of shading over roof reduces the annual energy consumption of building in case of both insulated and uninsulated roofs. However, the impact is higher for uninsulated roofs (U-Value of 3.933 W/m2K), being 4.18% as compared to 0.59% for insulated roofs (U-Value of 0.33 W/m2K).While the general assumption is that roof insulation helps in reducing the energy consumption in tropical buildings, it is observed to be the other way when insulation is provided with roof shading. It is due to restricted heat loss during night.

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