scholarly journals Monitoring of a Seedling Planting Restoration in a Permanent Preservation Area of the Southeast Atlantic Forest Biome, Brazil

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia V. Fiore ◽  
Carolina C. Ferreira ◽  
Maíra Dzedzej ◽  
Klécia G. Massi
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Exotic Grasses ◽  
Exotic Grass ◽  
Forest Biome

The Atlantic Forest biome is a biodiversity hotspot with only 13% of its native vegetation cover remaining in Brazil. Forest restoration is an important process for the re-establishment of biodiversity and the preservation of water resources in degraded areas, like riparian forests. Monitoring is an essential step of restoration, because the periodic evaluation of indicators allows researchers to analyze the effectiveness of applied techniques. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental quality of a seedling planting (active restoration) in a Permanent Preservation Area (PPA) of the Southeast Atlantic Forest biome, through a monitoring protocol, within a year. More specifically, we aimed to investigate the following questions: (1) do some ecological groups or families grow more than others? and (2) is the cover of exotic grasses negatively influencing forest regeneration? Data were collected during November 2017 and April (interval represents five months of wet season) and October 2018 (six months of dry season). Eight plots of 9 × 18 m were established and all individuals were identified and measured (diameter at ground level (DGL), height (H), and canopy diameter (CD)). Exotic grass cover and richness of regenerating species were also recorded. We registered 119 individuals during the three inventories, distributed in 35 species and 14 families. Results indicate an inverse association between exotic grasses and the presence of recruits in the area. Thus, exotic grass control may be needed while the forest canopy is not closed. A significant growth of individuals in the whole study period, especially during the wet season, was detected. Legumes grew more in trunk and canopy diameter (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan and Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T. D. Penn. had the biggest growth, respectively) than non-legumes during wetter months and within a year. Pioneers had greater height increase compared to non-pioneers only during wetter months. Legumes may be important species to be used in other young tropical forest restoration areas.

scholarly journals Albedo Trend Analyses in Atlantic Forest Biome Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisiane Alba ◽  
Rudiney S. Pereira ◽  
Juliana Marchesan ◽  
Emanuel A. Silva ◽  
Fábio de J. Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Atmospheric Transmissivity ◽  
Forest Biome

The albedo is an important variable that controls the balance of radiation and energy of the atmosphere, so changes in land cover cause alterations in albedo values, influencing changes in climate behavior at different scales. The goal in this work was to investigate the possible occurrence and causes associated with surface albedo trends within the Atlantic Forest biome (São Francisco de Paula, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), during the last thirty years (1987-2017), evaluating the impacts of the forest cover structure on albedo trends. The study included images of the TM/Landsat 5 and OLI/Landsat 8 sensors over the period 1987 to 2017. The surface albedo was obtained from the SEBAL algorithm, which includes in its variables the reflectance values of each band, reflected solar radiation and atmospheric transmissivity. The trend analysis was performed by the Mann-Kendall test verifying the existence of significant trends over 30 years. Subsequently, the influence of vegetation greenness on the trend presented by the albedo surface was evaluated. Approximately 92% of the pixels with significant tendency are associated with the decreasing tendency of the albedo. The downward trend was observed with the change from the field to the forest cover, while increasing trends were influenced by the change in forest cover, such as the suppression of individuals from the upper forest canopy. The forest populations in areas of the Mata Atlântica biome had a large participation in the energy balance, which exposed a reduction of approximately 60% of the surface albedo with its implantation, showing its importance for reducing the emission of energy to the atmosphere. The spatial pattern of the trend distribution of the surface albedo is related to the concentration and vigor of the arboreal vegetation.

Use of physiological attributes to select native forest species for forest restoration in the southern Atlantic forest biome, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 119659
Author(s):  
Marllos S. de Lima ◽  
Maristela M. Araujo ◽  
Suelen C. Aimi ◽  
Vanessa V.T. de Oliveira ◽  
Álvaro L.P. Berghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Physiological Attributes ◽  
Forest Biome

Phytosociology as a tool for forest restoration: a study case in the extreme South of Atlantic Forest Biome

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1463-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Turchetto ◽  
Maristela M. Araujo ◽  
Rafael M. Callegaro ◽  
Adriana M. Griebeler ◽  
Jessé C. Mezzomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Forest Biome

scholarly journals Manual Crowning Versus Cardboard in Forest Restoration: Costs and Effect on Seedling Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.L.A. GONÇALVES ◽  
A.S. RESENDE ◽  
I.S.S. LIMA ◽  
G.M. CHAER
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Restoration Practice ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Forest Biome

ABSTRACT: Invasive grasses are one of the biggest obstacles to be overcome in restoration plantations. Thus, developing efficient and low-cost techniques to overcome this obstacle is a challenge for science and the ecological restoration practice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of cardboard for the crowning operation on the growth of forest tree species from the Atlantic Forest biome and on the operating costs of this technique in a reforestation implemented in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro state. The predominant vegetation of the area was of Andropogon bicornis L. An experiment was installed in randomized blocks, with two treatments and 12 replications. The treatments consisted of crowning with cardboard and crowning with hoe. The used cardboard (50 x 50 cm) were pre-treated with a preservative solution with CuSO4. Treatments were applied to 11 forest species from the Atlantic Forest biome: Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul, Citharexylum myrianthum Cham., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, Eugenia brasiliensis Lam, Eugenia uniflora Lam, Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos, Hymenaea courbaril L., Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd., Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel, Plathymenia reticulata Benth. e Triplaris americana L. Evaluations were carried out as for height, diameter at collar height (DCH) and survival rate, 6, 12 and 18 months after planting. The costs of each crowning method were also quantified. Overall, the height, DCH and growth rates did not differ between the crowning treatments for the species evaluated. However, the cardboard crowning treatment showed a higher survival rate (80%) of plants, compared with the hoe crowning (73%). The cost of the crowning with cardboard over a 12-month period was 40% lower than that of the crowning with hoe. These results show that the cardboard crowning technique can be a viable and a cost effective alternative to replace the crowning with hoe in reforestation areas with species from the Atlantic Forest biome.

Buffer zone delimitation of conservation units based on map algebra and AHP technique: A study from Atlantic Forest Biome (Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 108905
Author(s):  
Manoela Sacchis Lopes ◽  
Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil ◽  
Dejanira Lüderitz Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Map Algebra ◽  
Forest Biome

scholarly journals Carbon, nitrogen and sulfur (CNS) status and dynamics in Amazon basin upland soils, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Matschullat ◽  
Roberval Monteiro Bezerra de Lima ◽  
Sophie F. von Fromm ◽  
Solveig Pospiech ◽  
Andrea M. Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
C And N

Abstract. Given the dimensions of the Amazon basin (7.5 million km2), its internal dynamics, increasing anthropogenic strain on this large biome, and its global role as one of two continental biospheric tipping elements, it appears crucial to have data-based knowledge on carbon and nitrogen concentrations and pools as well as on possible intra-annual dynamics. We quantified carbon (Ct, Corg), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) concentrations in litter (ORG) and mineral soil material (TOP 0–20 cm, BOT 30–50 cm) of upland (terra firme) oxisols across Amazonas state and present a first pool calculation. Data are based on triplicate seasonal sampling at 29 sites (forest and post-forest) within the binational project EcoRespira-Amazon (ERA). Repeated sampling increased data accuracy and allows for interpreting intra-annual (seasonal) and climate-change related dynamics. Extreme conditions between the dry season in 2016 and the subsequent wet season (ENSO-related) show differences more clearly. Median CNS in the Amazon basin TOP soils (Ct 1.9, Corg 1.6, N 0.15, S 0.03 wt-% under forest canopy) as well as Corg / N ratios show concentrations similar to European soils (FOREGS, GEMAS). TOP Ct concentrations ranged from 1.02 to 3.29 wt-% (medianForest 2.17 wt-%; medianPost-Forest 1.75 wt-%), N from 0.088 to 0.233 wt-% (medianForest 0.17 wt-%; medianPost-Forest 0.09 wt-%) and S from 0.012 to 0.051 wt.-% (medianForest 0.03 wt.-%; medianPost-Forest 0.02 wt-%). Corg / N ratios ranged from 6 to 14 (median 10). A first pool calculation (hectare-based) illustrates forest versus post-forest changes. The elements are unevenly distributed in the basin with generally higher CNS values in the central part (Amazonas graben) as compared to the southern part of the basin. Deforestation and drought conditions lead to C and N losses – within 50 years after deforestation, C and N losses average 10 to 15 %. Regional climate change with increased drought will likely speed up carbon and nitrogen losses.

Plant Species from the Atlantic Forest Biome and Their Bioactive Constituents

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-256
Author(s):  
Rebeca Previate Medina ◽  
Carolina Rabal Biasetto ◽  
Lidiane Gaspareto Felippe ◽  
Lilian Cherubin Correia ◽  
Marília Valli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Forest Biome

scholarly journals Allometric equations for estimating tree biomass in restored mixed-species Atlantic Forest stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro Rodrigues Nogueira Júnior ◽  
Vera Lex Engel ◽  
John A. Parrotta ◽  
Antonio Carlos Galvão de Melo ◽  
Danilo Scorzoni Ré
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Biomass Equation ◽  
South Central ◽  
Biomass Equations

Restoration of Atlantic Forests is receiving increasing attention because of its role in both biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration for global climate change mitigation. This study was carried out in an Atlantic Forest restoration project in the south-central region of São Paulo State - Brazil to develop allometric equations to estimate tree biomass of indigenous tree species in mixed plantations. Above and below-ground biomass (AGB and BGB, respectively), stem diameter (DBH: diameter at 1.3 m height), tree height (H: total height) and specific wood density (WD) were measured for 60 trees of 19 species. Different biomass equations (linear and nonlinear-transformed) were adjusted to estimate AGB and BGB as a function of DBH, H and WD. For estimating AGB and BGB, the linear biomass equation models were the least accurate. The transformed nonlinear biomass equation that used log DBH2, log H and log WD as predictor variables were the most accurate for AGB and the transformed nonlinear biomass equations that used log DBH2*WD as predictor variables were the most accurate for BGB. It is concluded that these adjusted equations can be used to estimate the AGB and BGB in areas of the studied project. The adjusted equations can be recommended for use elsewhere in the region for forest stands of similar age, tree size ranges, species composition and site characteristics.

scholarly journals Forest fragmentation in the landscape in the Atlantic Forest Biome: A systematic review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephany Diolino Cunha ◽  
Bruna Sampaio Crivilin ◽  
Matheus da Silva Araújo ◽  
Luís Antônio Coimbra Borges
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Forest Biome ◽  
Degree Of Fragmentation

Forest fragmentation is defined as the process by which a continuous area of habitat is reduced in size and divided between spaces. Therefore, due to the increase in these areas, this study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature on forest fragments in the Atlantic Forest biome in order to verify their main characteristics and landscape ecology. Publications in search platforms referring to the period from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed such as: SciELO, Google academic and CAPES journals portal. The search terms entered were: “Studies of forest fragments in the Atlantic Forest biome” and “Landscape ecology in forest fragments”. A total of 15 articles were selected from among the works found, and 5 of these were chosen to be evaluated in the present study. Four of the five works were carried out in the state of Espírito Santo, close to basins and sub-basins, and only one work was carried out in a state park. Thus, the evaluated works with the theme, study of fragmentation and ecology of the landscape showed a high degree of fragmentation, meaning that they have fragments smaller than 5 hectares; in addition, all fragments have an irregular edge effect. Therefore, measures aimed at the conservation of biodiversity are needed in all places so that there is ecological restoration of the landscape and conservation of fauna and flora in the Atlantic Forest biome. 

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