scholarly journals Assessing the Technical Efficiency of Timber Production during the Transition from a Production-Oriented Management Model to a Multifunctional One: A Case from Poland 1990–2019

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1287
Author(s):  
Jan Banaś ◽  
Katarzyna Utnik-Banaś ◽  
Stanisław Zięba ◽  
Krzysztof Janeczko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Management Priorities ◽  
Mature Stands

The present work applied a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to assess changes in the technical efficiency of timber production at a period of transition in forest management priorities. The study material consisted of data on timber sold by Polish State Forests (PSF) and on its forest management inputs in the years 1990–2019. During the period of economic transition in Poland (1990–2003) the technical efficiency of timber production on average amounted to 0.809 and was highly variable. In the free-market period, that efficiency was much higher (on average 0.939) and more stable. This improvement was achieved by substantial layoffs in the PSF, and steady rise in the share and standing volume of mature stands, which made it possible to increase timber production while adhering to sustainable management principles. Analysis of the various categories of inputs to timber production revealed that the greatest decline, in labor costs, was attributable to a fourfold reduction in the workforce, and was accompanied by a 2.4-fold increment in timber production. On the other hand, logging costs increased due to, among other causes, the pursuit of environmentally friendly but more expensive harvesting procedures and reductions in clearcutting, which entailed more dispersed harvesting operations.

The impacts of economic reform on the efficiency of silviculture: a non-parametric approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Impact

Institutions and organizations are regarded as being important in determining the efficiency of economic agents and public units. This study first reviews the economic reforms in silvicultural activities in China's state-owned forestry bureaux, then empirically examines the impact of economic reforms. Panel data from 40 forestry bureaux in Heilongjiang Province, and two different economic regimes: from the pre-reform and economic transition periods, are analyzed by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The technical efficiency has been decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency and then examined. Our results show that the economic reforms have increased efficiency on average by about 25 per cent. Moreover, the study qualitatively analyses the sources of improvement and argues that the efficiency gain is a result of reductions in labour shirking and administration costs.

Halting Forest Encroachment in Terai: What Role for Community Forestry?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Prabin Bhusal ◽  
Naya Sharma Paudel ◽  
Anukram Adhikary ◽  
Jisan Karki ◽  
Kamal Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Local Livelihoods

This paper highlights the lessons of using adaptive learning in community forestry that effectively help to resolve forest based conflicts in Terai region of Nepal. The paper is based on a three-year action research carried out in Terai. Qualitative methods including participatory rural appraisal tools and documentation of engaged action and reflections were used. Methods and tools that largely fall under adaptive learning were deployed. The field data was complemented by review of secondary data and literature on environmental history of Terai. We found that policies on land and forest in Terai for the last fifty years have induced and aggravated conflicts over access and control between state and communities and also within diverse groups of local communities. These conflicts have had serious negative impacts on sustainable management of forests and on local people’s livelihoods, particularly resource poor and landless people. Centralised and bureaucratic approaches to control forest and encroachment have largely failed. Despite investing millions of Rupees in maintaining law and order in forestlands, the problem continues to worsen often at the cost of forests and local communities. We found that transferring management rights to local communities like landless and land poor in the form of community forestry (CF) has induced strong local level collective action in forest management and supported local livelihoods. Moreover, adding adaptive learning, as a methodological tool to improve governance and enhance local level collective action significantly improves the benefit of CF. It implies that a major rethinking is needed in the current policies that have often led to hostile relationships with the local inhabitants- particularly the illegal settlers. Instead, transferring forest rights to local communities and supporting them through technical aspects of forest management will strengthen local initiatives towards sustainable management of forests.

scholarly journals Technical efficiency among agricultural households and determinants of food security in East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachman Hakim ◽  
Tri Haryanto ◽  
Dyah Wulan Sari
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Logit Regression ◽  
Agricultural Households ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Land Size ◽  
Average Consumption

AbstractRice is a staple food in East Java, and the average consumption is 100 kg/capita/year. However, rice productivity has declined dramatically in recent years. Food security can be reached by improving the technical efficiency of rice farming, especially in rice farming centers such as East Java Province. This study aims to measure technical efficiency and its determinants using two limit tobit. And it also aims to examine the effect of the technical efficiency of rice farming on food security using logit regression. Technical efficiency will be measured by using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results show that the technical efficiency of rice farming is very low in East Java. Government assistance, irrigation, and extension have a significant effect on technical efficiency. Meanwhile, membership of farmer organization has no effect on technical efficiency. Around 69% of farmers can be categorized as food secure households. The estimation of logit regression shows that household size, income, land size, education, age, and gender significantly influence food security in East Java. Meanwhile, credit and technical efficiency did not have any significant effect.

Making the Case for Reforms of Forestry Policy and Law: Lessons and Experiences from Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bola Fajemirokun
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Forestry Policy ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Development Goals

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development incorporates 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Goal 15 (SDG 15) focuses on terrestrial ecosystems. Regarding forests, it sets targets requiring signatories to promote the implementation of the sustainable management of all types of forests by 2020 and further mobilize significant resources from all sources to achieve sustainable forest management. The United Nations Strategic Plan for Forests 2017 – 2030 advances the vision of SDG 15. Nigeria’s high demographic growth rate has led to the surging demand for land to support settlements and farming. Coupled with extensive illegal or uncontrolled logging, the annual forest net loss of 5% is one of the highest rates globally in percentage terms. This paper is a critical analysis of the policy-law interface of the forestry sector in Nigeria. It examines the country’s trajectory or state of preparedness for sustainable forest management, and it concludes that forestry policy and law in Nigeria must undergo urgent reforms so that the forest commitments such as those under SDG 15 and other regional and global instruments can be ultimately achieved.

scholarly journals Operationalization of Remote Sensing Solutions for Sustainable Forest Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Gintautas Mozgeris ◽  
Ivan Balenović
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Status

The pre-requisite for sustainable management of natural resources is the availability of timely, cost-effective, and comprehensive information on the status and development trends of the management object [...]

History of forestry and forest management

1975 ◽  
Vol 271 (911) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Private Landowners ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Britain possesses a forest area which is one of the smallest in Europe in relation to its population and land area. In the past, forests have been felled to make way for farming and to supply timber for ships, houses, fuel and metal smelting. Timber was a key to sea power, and repeatedly the availability of home timber supplies has proved crucial in time of war. The nation’s dwindling reserves of timber have been a source of anxiety since Tudor times and periodic surges of planting for timber production by private landowners took place until about 1850. Thereafter, interest faded with the advent of the iron ship, the Industrial Revolution and the availability of cheap timber imports. Govern­ ment activity was minimal until a national forest authority was formed in 1919 to create a strategic timber reserve. Since 1958 there have been frequent policy reviews to assess the changing needs of the nation for timber and the new values associated with the social and environmental benefits of forests.

scholarly journals The Measurement of Innovation Efficiency of Chinese High-tech Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (s2) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Jiang ◽  
Yunyu Jiang ◽  
Zhijun Wu ◽  
Dongsheng Liao ◽  
Runfa Xu
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Economic Competitiveness ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Using Data

In the era of knowledge economy, a country’s economic competitiveness depends largely on the development level of high-tech industry. This paper evaluates the efficiency of China’s high-tech industry in 31 provinces in 2012 with data envelopment analysis. The empirical results are summarized as following. Firstly, when the effects of exogenous environmental variables are not controlled, the comprehensive technical efficiency of 31 provinces will be overestimated, the pure technical efficiency will be underestimated, and the scale efficiency value will be overestimated. Secondly, after eliminating the environmental impact, the comprehensive technical efficiency of 31 provinces with the average of 0.395 is rather low, due to the low scale efficiency.

scholarly journals Does Farm Size and Specialization Matter for Productive Efficiency? Results from Kansas

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin W. Mugera ◽  
Michael R. Langemeier
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Analysis Techniques

In this article, we used bootstrap data envelopment analysis techniques to examine technical and scale efficiency scores for a balanced panel of 564 farms in Kansas for the period 1993–2007. The production technology is estimated under three different assumptions of returns to scale and the results are compared. Technical and scale efficiency is disaggregated by farm size and specialization. Our results suggest that farms are both scale and technically inefficient. On average, technical efficiency has deteriorated over the sample period. Technical efficiency varies directly by farm size and the differences are significant. Differences across farm specializations are not significant.

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