scholarly journals The Role of Trees in Winter Air Purification on Children’s Routes to School

Forests ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Adrian Hoppa ◽  
Daria Sikorska ◽  
Arkadiusz Przybysz ◽  
Marta Melon ◽  
Piotr Sikorski
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Breathing Frequency ◽  
Ambient Particulate Matter ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Air pollution is now considered to be the world’s largest environmental health threat, accounting for millions of deaths globally each year. The social group that is particularly exposed to the harmful effects of air pollution is children. Their vulnerability results from higher breathing frequency and being subject to concentration peaks just above the ground. The negative effects of ambient particulate matter also depend on the time of exposure. A daily route to school can constitute an important component of children’s physical activity, but air pollution can pose a threat to their health. Numerous studies have proved that high loads of PM can be effectively reduced by vegetation. Little is known, however, on whether vegetation can also reduce PM during leaf dormancy. In this study we investigated the role of trees in air purification during the leafless period in children’s routes to selected schools located in Warsaw during winter. The results obtained show a weak impact of the tree canopy in winter.

scholarly journals The Role of Trees in Winter Air Purification on Children’s Routes to School

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Hoppa ◽  
Daria Sikorska ◽  
Arkadiusz Przybysz ◽  
Marta Melon ◽  
Piotr Sikorski
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽  
Pm Removal ◽  
Harmful Effects

Air pollution is now considered to be the world’s largest environmental health threat accounting for millions of deaths globally each year. The social group that is particularly exposed to the harmful effects of air pollution is the children. A daily route to school can constitute an important component of children’s physical activity, but air pollution can pose a threat to their health. Numerous studies have proved high loads of PM can be effectively reduced by vegetation. Little is however known, whether vegetation can also reduce PM during the leaf dormancy period. In this study, we investigated the role of trees in PM removal on children’s routes to schools during winter. We investigated walking routes to selected schools in Warsaw, by examining the adjacent vegetation and PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations and the presence of local black-smoke-belching stoves. We found that proximity to local CHP emitters had the strongest impact on pollution on the way to schools, while not finding a significant relationship between dense greenery and PM loads. Even more, the highest density of vegetation along walking routes tended to stimulate higher PM concentrations. The results obtained show the poor performance of tree canopy in reducing PM loads during winter.

scholarly journals Effects of negative social information on the willingness to support charities: the moderating role of regulatory focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhat Quang Le ◽  
Magne Supphellen ◽  
Richard P. Bagozzi
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Promotion Focus ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract Donation campaigns that have an unsuccessful start often trigger negative social information in the social and mass media (e.g., “few others have donated so far”). Little research exists to shed light on the effects of such information in the context of donations. Across three studies involving different causes and different channels of communication, we find harmful effects of negative social information on the willingness to donate among prevention-focused consumers but tendencies of positive effects for consumers with a promotion focus. We identify response efficacy as a mediator of the harmful effect for prevention-focused consumers. This finding suggests that social proof theory is not sufficient to explain the harmful effect of negative social information. Alternative mediators are tested and rejected. The findings imply that an effective strategy to avoid harmful effects of negative social information is to trigger a promotion focus in target group members and communicate facts about charity effectiveness.

scholarly journals A New Home for New Immigrants? A Case Study of the Role of Soka Gakkai in the Integration of Japanese and Mainland Chinese Immigrants in Hong Kong

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Ka Ng
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soka Gakkai ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Mainland Chinese Immigrants

In the discussion of migrant integration into local settings, most scholars agree on the positive linkages between religion and the construction of ethnic identity. However, beyond church and mosque, there appears to be a gap in the research of the roles played by other religions in the process of migrant integration. This paper attempts to fill this gap by studying the role of a new religion Soka Gakkai (SG) in the integration of Japanese and Mainland Chinese immigrants in Hong Kong. I argue that the social and spiritual support and the ideas of a “big family” and individual empowerment (i.e., empowering oneself to overcome challenges) are important resources for immigrants when starting a new life in Hong Kong. However, the controversial image of SG might also have negative effects on SG members’ effort at integration.

scholarly journals The Role of Humour in the Social Care Professions: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-796
Author(s):  
Molly Fogarty ◽  
Dely Lazarte Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Training ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Six social care professionals were recruited to take part in in-depth interviews that sought to explore their phenomenological experiences of humour within their place of work. Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach, the results suggest that humour serves various important functions within social care. Humour can allow social care professionals to relieve themselves of negative emotions, to avoid stress and cynicism, to achieve a sense of normality and perspective and to engage with service users. The positive impact humour appears to have upon these professionals is in keeping with the humour–health hypothesis, which posits that humour enhances well-being. However, results from this study also suggest that humour may be capable of negatively impacting well-being. Arguably, these findings highlight the need to extend the humour–health hypothesis and incorporate the negative effects humour can have upon well-being. Results also indicate that, if used appropriately, humour can be utilised to benefit work performance and service user outcomes. The findings of this research hold important implications for how humour may be understood and fostered in social care training, practice and policy.

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction and Problems among Academic Staff in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4865
Author(s):  
Adam R. Szromek ◽  
Radosław Wolniak
Keyword(s):  
Academic Staff ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

The role of a scientist in society is undoubtedly extremely important. This thesis was particularly confirmed by the global events of the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, when the spread of the COVID-19 virus revealed the helplessness of humanity in the face of a pandemic. Only intensive scientific work, having an interdisciplinary character, gives hope to stop the development of the spread of the virus. It turned out that it is scientists who are necessary to reduce mortality and morbidity, as well as the negative effects of a pandemic on the economy and public health. In this regard, it is worth discussing whether the scientific work of scientists is satisfying for them? Nowadays, the scientist is demanded for immediate effects of scientific research, implementation of inventions tailored to the emerging needs, and quick solutions to the problems of a dynamically changing society. However, along with the growing social expectations towards researchers, is their work increasingly appreciated? The aim of this article is getting to assess the level of satisfaction with scientific work among researchers and to identify the factors that influence its level. The article presents the results of research conducted on a random sample of 763 academics from Poland. The conducted scientific studies have established that: (1) The level of satisfaction of researchers concerning their own scientific work depends on employment conditions, as well as the social significance of the research carried out, (2) the level of satisfaction from work is closely correlated with the scientific opportunities of researchers (that is, the possibility of academic and didactic work, contact with students and co-workers) and negatively correlated with the necessity to carry out administrative work, and (3) the majority of Polish researchers are proud of their scientific achievements and treat their profession as a passion or vocation.

The Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Mediated Reality

2022 ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
Florin Gaiseanu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Inoculation Techniques ◽  
The Social ◽  
Collective Beliefs ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Individual Education ◽  
Informational System

This chapter described the intimate processes of the informational system of the human body and cells and their effect on the mind in order to understand how information is received/operated and integrated in the genetic structure of the organism by epigenetic mechanisms. Individual education/learning are the basic processes allowing the knowledge/judgement of mediated reality, and for the formation of decision criteria, beliefs, and mentality. The contributive role of media in education/behavior is highlighted, revealing the positive/negative effects of the persuasive messages in interaction with individual/collective beliefs and mentality. The inoculation techniques applied in various fields of media are discussed from the informational perspective, emphasizing the implication of the cognitive centers on such processes. Big data analysis and predictive conclusions on the social effects are used nowadays as feedback support, helping the optimization of the relation between audience and media products.

L'agricoltura legale: i terreni agricoli confiscati alla criminalitŕ organizzata

2009 ◽  
pp. 153-173
Author(s):  
Elisa Ascione ◽  
Manuela Scornaienghi
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Use ◽  
Agricultural Areas

- This paper examines the role of social agriculture in disseminating the culture of legality in agricultural areas fallen prey to organized crime. It also investigates the relations between corruption and crime, underlining their negative effects on the economic growth of areas, as well as their social implications, highlighting the positive role of the social farm. In this respect the confiscation of land belonging to criminal organizations and its social use is of key importance for the institutions in asserting the rule of law. Furthermore, the article analyzes the assignment and geographic range of lands, pointing out institutional problems and the role of local administrations.EconLit Classification: Q100, Q130, Q150, K400Keywords: Social Agriculture, Legality, Social FarmsParole chiave: Agricoltura sociale, Legalitŕ, Cooperative sociali

scholarly journals Accounting for Environmental Performance in Achieving the Social Responsibility of Economic Units in the Light of Contemporary Accounting Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Rajaa Sadiq Baychan
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Simple Addition ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industrial Security ◽  
Cultural Care

The objective of the research is to strive to highlight the role of economic units in contributing to the welfare of society by improving the environmental conditions and reducing the negative effects caused by its activity to the surrounding environment by reducing pollution and achieving economic development. More productive by developing their technical and productive capacities and providing industrial security for them. It is important to note that the provision of health, social and cultural care to them and to their families creates confidence, belonging and self-denial towards economic unity. The problem of research has been shaped by questions about the general criteria that can be adopted by the economic units and the appropriate data and statistics in the light of contemporary accounting problems. The development of specific questions to measure the role of environmental performance may complicate the possibility of applying CSR and delay their use for CSR applications in the absence of clear, quantifiable indicators. The research has reached a number of results, the most important of which is that the laws of many countries hold individuals accountable for the pollution and noise they cause to society and the damage they cause to public facilities and properties. This concept should apply to companies whose activities directly or indirectly harm the lives of citizens, Such as water, air and public health. Therefore, an important measure of efficiency of the company and the priority that can be enjoyed by its products in society is to reduce the damage to this community in any way. Accountability of social responsibility, the current research being a simple addition within the scope of Iraqi companies, is a tool for monitoring this aspect.

scholarly journals Perceived social support as predictor of treatment completion in methamphetamine dependent individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Fara Arreola ◽  
Perla Vargas ◽  
Miriam Domínguez ◽  
Elías Robles
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Treatment Completion ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Addiction Severity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Beneficial Impact

Introduction: perceived social support (PSS) is considered an important factor to lessen the negative effects of stressful events. Likewise, the literature suggests a beneficial impact on the evolution of different diseases. However, little is known about the relationship between PSS and treatment completion in methamphetamine-dependent individuals who receive help in a forced manner. Objective: to evaluate the effect of perceived social support (PSS) on treatment completion in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Methods: prospective study with a cohort of 67 men on whom PSS, addiction severity, anxiety, and depression were assessed. Results: analysis of variance of prospectively obtained data showed that age, years of drug use, and PSS differed between those who completed the treatment and those who did not. Logistic regression analysis showed that increases in PSS (Odds Ratio, OR = .970, Confidence Interval - CI 95 % = .943 - .999) were predictive of a decrease in the probability of completing the treatment, while age had the opposite effect (OR = 1.117, CI 95 % = .1.027 - 1.215). Discussion and conclusion: these results show that the role of social support in the treatment of chronic conditions is complex and suggest the need to study the nature and quality of the social interactions that lead to therapeutic success.

scholarly journals SYNERGETIC ROLE OF RECREATIONAL CYCLES IN HUMAN CAPITAL REPRODUCTION AND TOURIST SPHERE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIALLY ORIENTED ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Khytra
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Universal Accessibility ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The view that the successful development of tourism in the country is an important prerequisite for the formation of a socially oriented market economy and contributes to the reproduction of human capital has been substantiated in the article. The social essence of tourism, which is manifested in universal accessibility, democracy, humanization, as well as the implementation of the principles of partnership and intercultural interaction has been revealed. The role of recreational activities and, accordingly, the quality of recreational needs of each person in the reproduction of human capital has been substantiated. Based on the results of the study of social, economic, geographical and environmental aspects of recreational zoning, a conclusion has been made about the need to diversify the spatio-temporal combinations of recreational activities in recreational cycles. As the formation of recreational needs is influenced by a large number of interrelated (and sometimes contradictory) factors, it is advisable to use a nonlinear approach to develop a program to meet them. In addition, recreational activities take place in a non-linear recreational environment, which is a combination of natural and anthropogenic elements, the interaction of which can cause both favorable and negative effects on the results of planned and amateur recreational activities. It has been proved in the article that recreational cycles are formed on a synergetic basis: the dominance of the principles of self-organization at the personal level is balanced by coordinating measures at the social level. It has been suggested to supplement the system of concepts of recreational activities with the term "recreational time management", which is appropriate to denote a system of organizational, economic and socio-psychological measures aimed at creating conditions for optimal distribution of time between different recreational activities within the cycle of recreational activities. the vacationer to restore his own physical and spiritual strength as soon as possible. The use of time management techniques in combination with the principles of recreational zoning will ensure the achievement of optimal spatial and temporal indicators of recreation. The synergy of combining tourism and recreation in the context of increasing social and economic effects with a simultaneous reduction of the recreational loading on the natural complex has been substantiated.

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