scholarly journals Potential Valorization of Hazelnut Shells through Extraction, Purification and Structural Characterization of Prebiotic Compounds: A Critical Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Andrea Fuso ◽  
Davide Risso ◽  
Ginevra Rosso ◽  
Franco Rosso ◽  
Federica Manini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Hazelnut Shell ◽  
Nutritional Effects ◽  
Hazelnut Shells ◽  
By Products

Hazelnuts are one of the most widely consumed nuts, but their production creates large quantities of by-products, especially shells, that could be upcycled into much more valuable products. Recent studies have shown that hazelnut shell hemicellulose is particularly rich in compounds that are potential precursors of xylooligosaccharides and arabino-xylooligosaccharides ((A)XOS), previously defined as emerging prebiotics very beneficial for human health. The production of these compounds on an industrial scale-up could have big consequences on the functional foods market. However, to produce (A)XOS from a lignocellulosic biomass, such as hazelnut shell, is not easy. Many methods for the extraction and the purification of these prebiotics have been developed, but they all have different efficiencies and consequences, including on the chemical structure of the obtained (A)XOS. The latter, in turn, is strongly correlated to the nutritional effects they have on health, which is why the optimization of the structural characterization process is also necessary. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the progress made by research in this field, so as to contribute to the exploitation of hazelnut waste streams through a circular economy approach, increasing the value of this biomass through the production of new functional ingredients.

Bioactive potential and structural characterization of sulfated polysaccharides from Bullet tuna (Auxis Rochei) by-products

2018 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mourad Jridi ◽  
Maram Mezhoudi ◽  
Ola Abdelhedi ◽  
Soumaya Boughriba ◽  
Walid Elfalleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals Structural characterization of 13C-enriched humins and alkali-treated 13C humins by 2D solid-state NMR

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 4383-4392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona van Zandvoort ◽  
Eline J. Koers ◽  
Markus Weingarth ◽  
Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx ◽  
Marc Baldus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Nmr Techniques ◽  
By Products

Complementary (2D) NMR techniques provide new insights into the molecular structure of humin by-products.

Saturated models of first-order many-valued logics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Badia ◽  
Carles Noguera
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Saturated Model ◽  
General Notion ◽  
First Order ◽  
Saturated Models ◽  
By Products

Abstract This paper is devoted to the problem of existence of saturated models for first-order many-valued logics. We consider a general notion of type as pairs of sets of formulas in one free variable that express properties that an element of a model should, respectively, satisfy and falsify. By means of an elementary chains construction, we prove that each model can be elementarily extended to a $\kappa $-saturated model, i.e. a model where as many types as possible are realized. In order to prove this theorem we obtain, as by-products, some results on tableaux (understood as pairs of sets of formulas) and their consistency and satisfiability and a generalization of the Tarski–Vaught theorem on unions of elementary chains. Finally, we provide a structural characterization of $\kappa $-saturation in terms of the completion of a diagram representing a certain configuration of models and mappings.

Synthesis and structural characterization of bio-based bis(cyclic carbonate)s for the preparation of non-isocyanate polyurethanes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Błażek ◽  
Hynek Beneš ◽  
Zuzana Walterová ◽  
Sabina Abbrent ◽  
Arantxa Eceiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Cyclic Carbonate ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Cyclic Carbonates ◽  
Molecular Weights

Full chemical structure characterization of cyclic carbonates from diepoxides synthesized using sustainable bio-based polyols with different molecular weights and carbon dioxide.

New ultrastructural findings about Borrelia burgdorferi by cryofixation, negative staining, thin sectioning and scanning techniques

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
S. F. Hayes ◽  
M. D. Corwin ◽  
T. G. Schwan ◽  
D. W. Dorward ◽  
W. Burgdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Ultrastructural Findings

Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi strains by means of negative staining EM has become an integral part of many studies related to the biology of the Lyme disease organism. However, relying solely upon negative staining to compare new isolates with prototype B31 or other borreliae is often unsatisfactory. To obtain more satisfactory results, we have relied upon a correlative approach encompassing a variety EM techniques, i.e., scanning for topographical features and cryotomy, negative staining and thin sectioning to provide a more complete structural characterization of B. burgdorferi.For characterization, isolates of B. burgdorferi were cultured in BSK II media from which they were removed by low speed centrifugation. The sedimented borrelia were carefully resuspended in stabilizing buffer so as to preserve their features for scanning and negative staining. Alternatively, others were prepared for conventional thin sectioning and for cryotomy using modified procedures. For thin sectioning, the fixative described by Ito, et al.

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