Metabolomic Profile and Biological Properties of Sea Lavender (Limonium algarvense Erben) Plants Cultivated with Aquaculture Wastewaters: Implications for Its Use in Herbal Formulations and Food Additives

Water extracts from sea lavender (Limonium algarvense Erben) plants cultivated in greenhouse conditions and irrigated with freshwater and saline aquaculture effluents were evaluated for metabolomics by liquid chromatography-tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), and functional properties by in vitro and ex vivo methods. In vitro antioxidant methods included radical scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and copper and iron chelating assets. Flowers’ extracts had the highest compounds’ diversity (flavonoids and its derivatives) and strongest in vitro antioxidant activity. These extracts were further tested for ex vivo antioxidant properties by oxidative haemolysis inhibition (OxHLIA), lipid peroxidation inhibition by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and anti-melanogenic, anti-tyrosinase, anti-inflammation, and cytotoxicity. Extract from plants irrigated with 300 mM NaCl was the most active towards TBARS (IC50 = 81 µg/mL) and tyrosinase (IC50 = 873 µg/mL). In OxHLIA, the activity was similar for fresh- and saltwater-irrigated plants (300 mM NaCl; IC50 = 136 and 140 µg/mL, respectively). Samples had no anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic abilities and were not toxic. Our results suggest that sea lavender cultivated under saline conditions could provide a flavonoid-rich water extract with antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties with potential use as a food preservative or as a functional ingredient in herbal supplements.

Download Full-text

In Vitro Enzyme Inhibitory and Antioxidant Properties, Cytotoxicity, and LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS Profile of Extracts from the Halophyte Lotus creticus L.

Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products ◽

10.5812/jjnpp.101125 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chloe Placines ◽

Viana Castaneda-Loaiza ◽

Maria J. Rodrigues ◽

Catarina G. Pereira ◽

Jose Paulo da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Cells ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Water Extract ◽

Array Detector ◽

Medicinal Species ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Esi Ms ◽

Fruit Extracts

Background: The halophyte Lotus creticus L. (creta trefoil, Fabaceae) belongs to a family and genus containing several medicinal species, and is considered a promising crop for saline Mediterranean areas. However, to the best of our knowledge, information regarding the biological properties of this species that could increase its biotechnological value is particularly scarce. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the potential use of creta trefoil collected in Southern Portugal (Algarve) as a source of bioactive products. Methods: Food-grade extracts (water, acetone, ethanol) were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction from aerial parts (stems and leaves) and fruits (pods), and evaluated for acute toxicity on mammalian cells. In vitro enzymatic inhibition was appraised on enzymes related to neurodegeneration (acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase: AChE and BuChE), type-2 diabetes (T2DM, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase), and hyperpigmentation/food browning (tyrosinase). In vitro, antioxidant activity included radical scavenging towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating activity on iron and copper. Chemical composition was established by liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS). Results: Samples were not toxic and were active towards AChE (especially acetone extracts) and BuChE (particularly ethanol and acetone fruits’ extracts). Acetone and water fruit extracts and ethanol extract from aerial organs displayed significant inhibition on α-glucosidase, but low capacity towards amylase. All extracts exhibited a high capacity to inhibit tyrosinase, except water extract from aerial organs. Fruit extracts had, in general, the highest antioxidant capacity, especially ethanol. Fruits exhibited the highest diversity of polyphenols, especially flavonols, catechins, quercetin, myricetin, and its derivatives. Conclusions: Overall, our results suggested that creta trefoil should be further explored as a source of natural products for the management of T2DM, hyperpigmentation disorders, or food additive to prevent food oxidation and browning.

Download Full-text

In vitro inhibitory potentials of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera flower against enzymes activities linked to diabetes

Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology ◽

10.34172/jhp.2021.48 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 408-414

Author(s):

Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde ◽

Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi ◽

Benjamin Olusola Omiyale ◽

Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Antioxidant Power

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been recognized as the seventh leading cause of global mortality; however, researchers seek alternative means to manage the menace. The current study sought to investigate antioxidant potentials, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera flower in vitro. Methods: Antioxidant properties of the extract were appraised by assessing its inhibition against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH•), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals, as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition.Results: In this study, ethanolic extract of M. oleifera flower demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against DPPH free radical (43.57–83.56%) in a concentration-dependent manner, while FRAP (101.76 ± 1.63 mg/100 g), OH• scavenging ability (71.62 ± 0.95 mg/100 g), and H2O2 free radical scavenging capacity (15.33 ± 1.20 mg/100 g) were also observed. In the same manner, ethanolic extract of M. oleifera flower revealed a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against α-amylase (IC50= 37.63 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase activities (IC50= 38.30 mg/mL) in the presence of their respective substrates in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with acarbose. Conclusion: Ethanoic extract of M. oleifera flower could be useful as an alternative phytotherapy in the management of DM, having shown a strong antioxidative capacity and substantial inhibition against the activities of key enzymes involved in carbohydrate hydrolysis in vitro.

Download Full-text

Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaves extracts of Ehretia pubescens

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3308 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 6262-6267

Author(s):

Krishnamoorthy Meenakumari ◽

Giridharan Bupesh ◽

Mayur Mausoom Phukan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Reducing Power Assay

The foods from plants were known to ensure against degenerative diseases and maturing because of their antioxidant activitycredited to their high content. Information on antioxidant activity of Indian medicinal plant is abundant. To the best of our knowledge, biological properties have not been accounted in the literature for this species of . As a point, this is the first results to assess the anti-oxidant activity of the plant which belongs to the family . The antioxidant activity of Methanol, , Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts of E. was determined using the DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. The DPPH scavenging activity showed higher activity observed in extract (63%) of E. than (54%), (44%) and aqueous (30%). the ABTS assay inhibition in extract (58%) than (43%), (38%) and aqueous (32%) extracts. The reducing power assay of different extracts was increased in extract (54%) than (40%), (34%) and aqueous (28%) extracts. Overall, the and ethyl acetate extract had higher antioxidant properties than other extract. However, in this study, extracts exhibit great potential for antioxidant activity and may be useful for their nutritional and medicinal functions.

Download Full-text

On the Anticataractogenic Effects of L-Carnosine: Is It Best Described as an Antioxidant, Metal-Chelating Agent or Glycation Inhibitor?

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2016/3240261 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hamdy Abdelkader ◽

Michael Longman ◽

Raid G. Alany ◽

Barbara Pierscionek

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Human Lens ◽

Lens Epithelial Cells ◽

Metal Chelating ◽

Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Purpose.L-Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide which recently gained popularity as an anticataractogenic agent due to its purported antioxidant activities. There is a paucity of research and conclusive evidence to support such claims. This work offers compelling data that help clarify the mechanism(s) behind the anticataract properties of L-carnosine.Methods.Direct in vitro antioxidant free radical scavenging properties were assayed using three different antioxidant (TEAC, CUPRAC, and DPPH) assays. Indirect in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant assays were studied by measuring glutathione bleaching capacity and total sulfhydryl (SH) capacity of bovine lens homogenates as well as hydrogen-peroxide-stress assay using human lens epithelial cells. Whole porcine lenses were incubated in high galactose media to study the anticataract effects of L-carnosine. MTT cytotoxicity assays were conducted on human lens epithelial cells.Results.The results showed that L-carnosine is a highly potent antiglycating agent but with weak metal chelating and antioxidant properties. There were no significant decreases in lens epithelial cell viability compared to negative controls. Whole porcine lenses incubated in high galactose media and treated with 20 mM L-carnosine showed a dramatic inhibition of advanced glycation end product formation as evidenced by NBT and boronate affinity chromatography assays.Conclusion.L-Carnosine offers prospects for investigating new methods of treatment for diabetic cataract and any diseases that are caused by glycation.

Download Full-text

The in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant properties, hypolipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activities of water extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves

Journal of Ethnopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.jep.2007.12.010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 116 (3) ◽

pp. 439-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 130

Author(s):

Pilaipark Chumark ◽

Panya Khunawat ◽

Yupin Sanvarinda ◽

Srichan Phornchirasilp ◽

Noppawan Phumala Morales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Water Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera Lam

Download Full-text

Chemical Profiling and Biological Properties of Extracts from Different Parts of Colchicum Szovitsii Subsp. Szovitsii

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8120632 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 632 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriele Rocchetti ◽

Biancamaria Senizza ◽

Gokhan Zengin ◽

Murat Ali Okur ◽

Domenico Montesano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Orthogonal Projections ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Latent Structures

Like other members of the Colchicum genus, C. szovitsii subsp. szovitsii is also of medicinal importance in Turkish traditional medicine. However, its biological properties have not been fully investigated. Herein, we focused on the evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects of flower, root and leaf extracts, obtained using different extraction methods. In addition, a comprehensive (poly)-phenolic and alkaloid profiling of the different extracts was undertaken. In this regard, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) allowed us to putatively annotate 195 polyphenols and 87 alkaloids. The most abundant polyphenols were flavonoids (83 compounds), whilst colchicine and 2-demethylcolchicine were some of the most widespread alkaloids in each extract analyzed. However, our findings showed that C. szovitsii leaf extracts were a superior source of both total polyphenols and total alkaloids (being, on average 24.00 and 2.50 mg/g, respectively). Overall, methanolic leaf extracts showed the highest (p < 0.05) ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) reducing power (on average 109.52 mgTE/g) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging (on average 90.98 mgTE/g). Interestingly, each C. szovitsii methanolic extract was more active than the water extracts when considering enzymatic inhibition such as against tyrosinase, glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Strong correlations (p < 0.01) were also observed between polyphenols/alkaloids and the biological activities determined. Multivariate statistics based on supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) allowed for the detection of those compounds most affected by the different extraction methods. Therefore, this is the first detailed evidence showing that C. szovitsii subsp. szovitsii might provide beneficial effects against oxidative stress and the associated chronic diseases. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanisms of action need to be further investigated.

Download Full-text

A New Insight into Meloxicam: Assessment of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycating Activity in In Vitro Studies

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph13090240 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 240 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cezary Pawlukianiec ◽

Małgorzata Ewa Gryciuk ◽

Kacper Maksymilian Mil ◽

Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska ◽

Anna Zalewska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Oxidation ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Oxidation Products ◽

Protein Glycation ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which has a preferential inhibitory effect to cyclooxyganase-2 (COX-2). Although the drug inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, the exact mechanism of meloxicam is still unknown. This is the first study to assess the effect of meloxicam on protein glyco-oxidation as well as antioxidant activity. For this purpose, we used an in vitro model of oxidized bovine serum albumin (BSA). Glucose, fructose, ribose, glyoxal and methylglyoxal were used as glycating agents, while chloramine T was used as an oxidant. We evaluated the antioxidant properties of albumin (2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power), the intensity of protein glycation (Amadori products, advanced glycation end products) and glyco-oxidation (dityrosine, kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, tryptophan and amyloid-β) as well as the content of protein oxidation products (advanced oxidation protein products, carbonyl groups and thiol groups). We have demonstrated that meloxicam enhances the antioxidant properties of albumin and prevents the protein oxidation and glycation under the influence of various factors such as sugars, aldehydes and oxidants. Importantly, the antioxidant and anti-glycating activity is similar to that of routinely used antioxidants such as captopril, Trolox, reduced glutathione and lipoic acid as well as protein glycation inhibitors (aminoguanidine). Pleiotropic action of meloxicam may increase the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatment in diseases with oxidative stress etiology.

Download Full-text

In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Caesalpinia volkensii Harms., Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm., and Acacia hockii De Wild

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/3586268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Beatrice Muthoni Guchu ◽

Alex King’ori Machocho ◽

Stephen Kiruthi Mwihia ◽

Mathew Piero Ngugi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Oxidative stress is the result of the disparity between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in an organism, and it is important in the pathogenesis of several degenerative disorders, such as arthritis, Alzheimer’s, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Free radicals can damage biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates, and the DNA leading to mutations. The use of antioxidants is effective in delaying the oxidation of biomolecules. Antioxidants are complexes found in the food that can retard or deter oxidation by preventing the initiation and propagation of oxidizing chain reactions. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by man to manage diseases and have a host of antioxidant complexes. Traditionally, Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii have folkloric remedies against associated oxidative stress-mediated complications. However, the upsurge in its use has not been accompanied by scientific validations to support these claims. In this study, in vitro antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii collected from Embu County (Kenya) were determined by radical scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical in addition to ferric reducing antioxidant power analyzed against that of L-ascorbic acid as the standard. The obtained results revealed remarkable antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts as evidenced by the low IC50 and EC50 values. These antioxidant activities could be due to the presence of antioxidants phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins among others. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of this plant could be due to their antioxidant properties. This study recommends bioassay of the extracts against oxidative stress-related disorders for development of phytomedicine with antioxidant properties.

Download Full-text

Sustainable Processes and Chemical Characterization of Natural Food Additives: Palmyra Palm (Borassus Flabellifer Linn.) Granulated Sugar

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12072650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2650

Author(s):

Dung Huynh Thi Le ◽

Wen-Chien Lu ◽

Po-Hsien Li

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Food Additives ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Natural Food ◽

Mineral Contents ◽

Drying Time ◽

Antioxidant Power

Palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer Linn.) is an important sugar-producing plant that is widely distributed in tropical Asian countries. Its jaggery and sweet sap are prevalent in Cambodia as a substitute for table sugar. They contain essential minerals, vitamins, and biological compounds. We investigated the changes in the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, and biological activity of palm granulated sugar prepared by using three different drying–solidification processes under vacuum conditions: the drying temperature was controlled at 80 °C, 90 °C, and 100 °C, and the drying time was 60, 75, and 90 min, respectively. Palm granulated sugar contains 10 kinds of vitamins (mainly vitamin E 52.15–55.12 mg/100 g), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (2.18 to 41.92 mg/100 g), and 38 volatile compounds that belong to the alcohol, ketones, pyrazines, acids, and phenols groups, and an aldehyde group. Moreover, palm granulated sugar exhibits a high total phenolic content (2.77–8.94 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (20.15%–37.88%), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value (322.68–378.23 μmol Fe2+/mL). Furthermore, palm granulated sugar-treated NIH3T3 cells showed a higher cell viability of 18.10% to 23.68%. This study confirmed that palm granulated sugar prepared at 90 °C for 75 min can have a better product quality with increased vitamin and mineral contents, antioxidant properties, and biological activity, while also being low in 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Sarcocarp of Cotoneaster multiflorus

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2018/4619768 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiangping Liu ◽

Jia Jia ◽

Xuemin Jing ◽

Guoliang Li

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Water Extract ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Water Fraction

The ethanol-water (7 : 3, v/v) extract of Cotoneaster multiflorus sarcocarp was sequentially fractionated by liquid-liquid partition using n-hexane, diethyl ether, methylene dichloride, and ethyl acetate. The contents of total polyphenols, total flavones, and oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the five parts (including the ethanol-water extract) were determined. In addition, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation decolorization, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays were conducted to test the antioxidant activities of Sample 1 (the ethanol-water fraction) and Sample 2 (the ethyl acetate fraction) in vitro. In the above five assays, Sample 2 showed greater antioxidant capacities than Sample 1. Furthermore, Sample 2 was better able to protect low-density lipoproteins from oxidation in a dose-dependent manner. The test results show that C. multiflorus sarcocarp, especially the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction, may be a potential source of natural antioxidants.

Download Full-text