scholarly journals Diluted Acetic Acid Softened Intermuscular Bones from Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) by Dissolving Hydroxyapatite and Collagen

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yueyue Liu ◽  
Huiman Jiang ◽  
Longteng Zhang ◽  
Yuqing Tan ◽  
Yongkang Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix ◽  
Physical Hazards ◽  
Collagen Molecules ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Intermuscular bones (IBs) pose physical hazards that threaten consumer health and food safety. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of softening IBs from silver carp with diluted acetic acid. IBs (separated from muscle) and fillets (without removing IBs) were treated with diluted acetic acid. Analyses of sensory attributes and the hardness of treated IBs indicated that diluted acetic acid (<10 mmol/L) could soften IBs effectively. Additionally, 0.5 mmol/L acetic acid softened IBs within fillets without significantly affecting the texture and flavor of fillets. Analyses of microstructure, minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and collagen content, and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of IBs indicated that acetic acid broke connections (formed by collagen that shared hydroxyl groups) between collagen molecules, and between collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAP), thus inducing the dissolution of collagen and HAP. The dissolution of HAP contributed more to IBs softening than collagen.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characteristics of acid soluble collagen from the skin of Parang parang fish (Chirocentrus dorab)

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-452
Author(s):  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Kustiariyah Tarman ◽  
Pipih Suptijah ◽  
Neni Widowati
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Denaturation Temperature ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Soluble Collagen ◽  
Acid Soluble Collagen ◽  
Collagen Protein ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Waste of parang parang fish (Chirocentrus dorab) skin can be used as a source of collagen. Collagen isolation can be done chemically by the Acid Soluble Collagen (ASC) method. The objective of this research was to isolate collagen with ASC method and characterize their physicochemical. Collagen isolation consisted of pretreatment and hydrolysis with acids. The pretreatment used NaOH 0.1 M for 12 hours, while hydrolysis used acetic acid 0.5 M. Pretreatment results indicated that the concentration of non-collagen protein was 0.1243 mg/mL, while the yield collagen was 2.61%. The collagen had the viscosity of 6.50 cP, the denaturation temperature of 4°C, the transition temperature of 77.30°C, and the melting temperature of 153.90°C. The obtained collagen also had pH of 6.25. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis showed the collagen contained amide A (3425.58), B (2924.09), I (1647.21), II (1543.05), and III (1246.02) (cm-1). The collagen also contained glycine (26.69%), proline (12.24%) and alanine (9.51%).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of combined acetic acid and ascorbic acid spray on fresh silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fish to increase shelf-life at refrigerated temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-426
Author(s):  
Islam Monirul ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Mahmud Niaz ◽  
Jiang Qixing ◽  
Xia Wenshui
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix ◽  
Fish Fillets ◽  
Carp Fish

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of application of acetic acid and ascorbic acid spray on the surface decontamination and shelf-life of silver carp fish at refrigerated temperature (40C) during 9 days of storage period. Silver carp is one of the most abundant freshwater fish speciesin the world. However, the rapid quality degradation soon after post-mortem makes them highly putrefactive while reducing the nutritional attributes. In this regard, our study aimed at applying organic acids to extend shelf-life of silver carp fish while investigating the quality attributes such as sensory, peroxide values, pH and microbial loads of the fish fillets during 9 days of refrigerated temperature storage (40C). Acetic acid and ascorbic acid are found to have strong antibacterial activities against different microorganisms. Fish fillets samples were treated with alone or in combination with acetic acid and ascorbic acid spray while keeping one group of fish fillets untreated. Total Viable Count (TVC) was found greater in the samples kept untreated and treated alone with acetic acid and ascorbic acid. However, fish fillets treated with acetic acid and ascorbic acid in combination were reported with lesser number of microbial counts. Moreover, Peroxide Value (PV) and pH were significantly lower in the sample treated with in combination of acetic acid and ascorbic acid. Sensory analysis revealed that fish fillets treated with combined treatment had better quality retention at the end of 9 days storage period. The findings suggest that the application of acetic acid and ascorbic acid alone or in different combination have the potential to decrease microbial loads while facilitating the shelf-life of fish fillets during 9 days of refrigerated temperature (40C) storage period.

The structure of the kaolinite minerals — a FT-Raman study

Clay Minerals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

AbstractThe Fourier transform Raman spectra of the kaolinite minerals have been measured in the 50–3800 cm−1 region using near infrared spectroscopy. Kaolinites are characterized by remarkably intense bands in the 120–145 cm−1 region. These bands, attributed to the O-Si-O and O-Al-O symmetric bending modes, are both polymorph and orientation dependent. The 200–1200 cm−1 spectral range is a finger-print region for clay minerals and each kaolinite clay has its own characteristic spectrum. The structure of clays is fundamentally determined by the position of hydroxyl groups. Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy readily enables the hydroxyl stretching region to be examined allowing identification of the component bands. The advantages of FT-Raman spectroscopy are shown to enhance the study of the kaolinite structure.

Impact of Feeding Activity of Silver Carp on Plankton Removal from a High-Rate Pond Effluent

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Berday ◽  
Driss Zaoui ◽  
Abdeljaouad Lamrini ◽  
Mustapha Abi
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Plankton Communities

Abstract The effect of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) feeding activity on the plankton communities in a high-rate pond technology system (HRPTS) effluent was investigated over a period of 100 days. The experiment was conducted at the experimental wastewater treatment plant of the Agronomic and Veterinary Medicine Institute (AVI) of Rabat, Morocco, using a HRPTS in a fish pond receiving the plant effluent. The effluent was highly dominated by phytoplankton (99.95%). Silver carp could survive and grow in the fish pond. Production was 37 kg with a very low mortality rate (12%). The high specific intestine weight (7%) and intake rates of biomass and phytoplankton by silver carp (616 g kg-1 of fish day-1 and 1.6 x 1011 cell kg-1 of fish day-1, respectively) demonstrated the importance of the feeding activity of the fish. Zooplankton intake rates were lower (2 x 107 bodies kg-1 of fish day-1). The high intestine index (3 to 4.3 for fish sizes of 14 to 22 cm) and the dominance of phytoplankton in the gut contents (99.95%) confirmed an omnivorous/ phytoplanctivorous diet. Silver carp were efficient in removing plankton from the HRPTS effluent. The net removal yields of biomass were 285 g m-3 day-1 and 322 g kg-1 of fish day-1, 7 x 1010 algal cells kg-1 of fish day-1 and 8.7 x 107 zooplankton bodies kg-1 of fish day-1, with net removal rates of 47, 64 and 62%, respectively. The total suspended solids concentration decreased from 211 in the inflow to 112 mg L-1 in the fish pond.

Novel Compound from Flowers of Moringa oleifera Active Against Multi- Drug Resistant Gram-negative Bacilli

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Santi M. Mandal ◽  
Subhanil Chakraborty ◽  
Santanu Sahoo ◽  
Smritikona Pyne ◽  
Samaresh Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Isolated Compound ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Background: The need for suitable antibacterial agents effective against Multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria is acknowledged globally. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible antibacterial potential of an extracted compound from edible flowers of Moringa oleifera. Methods: Five different solvents were used for preparing dried flower extracts. The most effective extract was subjected to fractionation and further isolation of the active compound with the highest antibacterial effect was obtained using TLC, Column Chromatography and reverse phase- HPLC. Approaches were made for characterization of the isolated compound using FTIR, NMR and Mass spectrometry. Antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the CLSI guidelines. Results: One fraction of aqueous acetic acid extract of M. oleifera flower was found highly effective and more potent than conventional antibiotics of different classes against Multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) when compared. The phytochemical analysis of the isolated compound revealed the presence of hydrogen-bonded amine and hydroxyl groups attributable to unsaturated amides. Conclusion: The present study provided data indicating a potential for use of the flowers extract of M. oleifera in the fight against infections caused by lethal MDR-GNB. Recommendations: Aqueous acetic acid flower extract of M. oleifera is effective, in-vitro, against Gram-negative bacilli. This finding may open a scope in pharmaceutics for the development of new classes of antibiotics.

The effects of water hardness on the hatching and viability of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) eggs

Aquaculture ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelito C. Gonzal ◽  
Emiliano V. Aralar ◽  
Josefina Ma.F. Pavico
Keyword(s):  
Silver Carp ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix

scholarly journals Strain Sensitivity Enhancement of Broadband Ultrasonic Signals in Plates Using Spectral Phase Filtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2582
Author(s):  
Lucas M. Martinho ◽  
Alan C. Kubrusly ◽  
Nicolás Pérez ◽  
Jean Pierre von der Weid
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Strain Level ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Short Time Fourier Transform ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Frequency Representation ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Sensitivity Gain

The focused signal obtained by the time-reversal or the cross-correlation techniques of ultrasonic guided waves in plates changes when the medium is subject to strain, which can be used to monitor the medium strain level. In this paper, the sensitivity to strain of cross-correlated signals is enhanced by a post-processing filtering procedure aiming to preserve only strain-sensitive spectrum components. Two different strategies were adopted, based on the phase of either the Fourier transform or the short-time Fourier transform. Both use prior knowledge of the system impulse response at some strain level. The technique was evaluated in an aluminum plate, effectively providing up to twice higher sensitivity to strain. The sensitivity increase depends on a phase threshold parameter used in the filtering process. Its performance was assessed based on the sensitivity gain, the loss of energy concentration capability, and the value of the foreknown strain. Signals synthesized with the time–frequency representation, through the short-time Fourier transform, provided a better tradeoff between sensitivity gain and loss of energy concentration.

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