scholarly journals High Glucosinolate Content in Rocket Leaves (Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Eruca sativa) after Multiple Harvests Is Associated with Increased Bitterness, Pungency, and Reduced Consumer Liking

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Luke Bell ◽  
Stella Lignou ◽  
Carol Wagstaff
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Cut Leaves

Rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Eruca sativa) leaves delivered to the UK market are variable in appearance, taste, and flavour over the growing season. This study presents sensory and consumer analyses of rocket produce delivered to the UK over the course of one year, and evaluated the contribution of environmental and cultivation factors upon quality traits and phytochemicals called glucosinolates (GSLs). GSL abundance was positively correlated with higher average growth temperatures during the crop cycle, and perceptions of pepperiness, bitterness, and hotness. This in turn was associated with reduced liking, and corresponded to low consumer acceptance. Conversely, leaves with greater sugar content were perceived as more sweet, and had a higher correlation with consumer acceptance of the test panel. First cut leaves of rocket were favoured more by consumers, with multiple leaf cuts associated with low acceptance and higher glucosinolate concentrations. Our data suggest that the practice of harvesting rocket crops multiple times reduces consumer acceptability due to increases in GSLs, and the associated bitter, hot, and peppery perceptions some of their hydrolysis products produce. This may have significant implications for cultivation practices during seasonal transitions, where leaves typically receive multiple harvests and longer growth cycles.

Milk Alternatives. What Advice should Dental Professionals be Giving?

Dental Update ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Imran Thalukder ◽  
Halima Torofdar ◽  
Mechelle Collard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Form Part ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Drinking Milk ◽  
Dental Professionals

Drinking milk-like fluids made from plant-based materials, such as soya, nuts and peas, is an increasing trend within the population, and regular consumption of these non-dairy alternatives may increase the risk of developing caries. This article focuses on current research relating to caries risk and consumption of milk-like products, and also investigates the sugar content of milk alternatives available in the UK. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Frequent sugar attacks causes caries. Dentists need to be aware of milk and milk alternatives for some may contribute to the development of caries, and this should form part of their caries risk assessment.

scholarly journals Implications of Brexit on the effectiveness of the UK soft drinks industry levy upon CHD in England: a modelling study

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 3431-3439
Author(s):  
Paraskevi Seferidi ◽  
Anthony A Laverty ◽  
Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard ◽  
Maria Guzman-Castillo ◽  
Brendan Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Policy ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Sugar Price ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Economic Circumstance ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

AbstractObjectiveAn industry levy on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) was implemented in the UK in 2018. One year later, Brexit is likely to change the UK trade regime with potential implications for sugar price. We modelled the effect of potential changes in sugar price due to Brexit on SSB levy impacts upon CHD mortality and inequalities.DesignWe modelled a baseline SSB levy scenario; an SSB levy under ‘soft’ Brexit, where the UK establishes a free trading agreement with the EU; and an SSB levy under ‘hard’ Brexit, in which World Trade Organization tariffs are applied. We used the previously validated IMPACT Food Policy model and probabilistic sensitivity analysis to estimate the effect of each scenario on CHD deaths prevented or postponed and life-years gained, stratified by age, sex and socio-economic circumstance, in 2021.SettingEngland.SubjectsAdults aged 25 years or older.ResultsThe SSB levy was associated with approximately 370 (95 % uncertainty interval 220, 560) fewer CHD deaths and 4490 (2690, 6710) life-years gained in 2021. Associated reductions in CHD mortality were 4 and 8 % greater under ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ Brexit scenarios, respectively. The SSB levy was associated with approximately 110 (50, 190) fewer CHD deaths in the most deprived quintile compared with 60 (20, 100) in the most affluent, under ‘hard’ Brexit.ConclusionsOur study found the SSB levy resilient to potential effects of Brexit upon sugar price. Even under ‘hard’ Brexit, the SSB levy would yield benefits for CHD mortality and inequalities. Brexit negotiations should deliver a fiscal and regulatory environment which promotes population health.

scholarly journals Compost application in integrated and organic fruit cultivation

2012 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Anita Szabó ◽  
István Gonda ◽  
Inre Vágó
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
One Year ◽  
Organic Fruit

Nowadays the success vegetable and fruit production are unimaginable without regular nutrient management. One of the ways to supply the required nutrients in an environmentally friendly way is the application of composts, which is less widespread so far. Compost doses were applied in biological and integrated apple orchards in cooperation with the Institute of Horticultural Science in the years 2010 and 2011. Different changes were resulted by the compost treatments in the examined parameters in case of both apple varieties (Golden Delicious and Pinova). There is no clear effect of compost on the changes of ash-, total acids, Vitamin C and the sugar content until now, because the improvement of the nutritional indicators takes more time. However significant differences were observed after one year between the apple varieties. Higher ash-, total acids and sugar content were measured in case of the apple variety Pinova, while the measurements showed higher Vitamin C content in case of the variety Golden Delicious.

scholarly journals French Bulldogs differ to other dogs in the UK in propensity for many common disorders: a VetCompass study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan G. O’Neill ◽  
Rowena M.A. Packer ◽  
Peter Francis ◽  
David B. Church ◽  
Dave C. Brodbelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Issues ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Modelling Methods ◽  
French Bulldog

Abstract Background The French Bulldog is a highly popular dog breed but is linked with many serious health issues. A holistic view of breed health in French Bulldogs would assist efforts to appreciate the overall health strengths and weaknesses in the French Bulldog and to take appropriate steps to mitigate these. Based on random sampling of French Bulldogs and non-French Bulldogs under primary veterinary care during 2016 within the VetCompass Programme, a cohort study design was used to estimate the one-year (2016) period prevalence of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in each group. Risk factor analysis used multivariable logistic regression modelling methods. Results The analysis included 2,781 French Bulldogs and 21,850 non-French Bulldogs. French Bulldogs were younger (1.51 years, IQR 0.86 – 2.77 vs. 4.48 years, IQR 1.94 – 8.14) (p < 0.001) and lighter (12.45 kg, IQR 11.00 – 14.03 versus 13.80 kg, IQR 8.10 – 25.12) (p < 0.001) than non-French Bulldogs. Of 43 common specific-level disorders across both groups, French Bulldogs had significantly increased adjusted odds of 20/43 (46.5 %) disorders and significantly reduced adjusted odds of 11/43 (25.6 %) disorders compared to non-French Bulldogs. Highly predisposed disorders in French Bulldogs included stenotic nares (OR 42.14; 95 % CI 18.50 to 95.99; p < 0.001), Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (OR 30.89; 95 % CI 20.91 to 45.64; p < 0.001), aural discharge (OR 14.40; 95 % CI 9.08 to 22.86; p < 0.001), skin fold dermatitis (OR 11.18; 95 % CI 7.19 to 17.40; p < 0.001) and dystocia (OR 9.13; 95 % CI 5.17 to 16.13; p < 0.001). At a grouped-level of diagnostic precision, French Bulldogs had increased adjusted odds of 12/32 (37.5 %) disorders and reduced adjusted odds of 6/32 (18.8 %) disorders compared to non-French Bulldogs. Conclusions These results identified ultra-predispositions with worryingly higher odds in French Bulldogs for several disorders, suggesting that the health of French Bulldogs has diverged substantially from, and may be lower than, the health of the wider non-French Bulldog population. Many of these predispositions are closely associated with the conformational extremes that define the French Bulldog breed. Shifting the typical conformation of the French Bulldog population towards a more moderate phenotype is proposed as a logical opportunity to reduce the serious health issues endemic in the French Bulldog breed.

scholarly journals Don't Have a Cow, Man: Consumer Acceptance of Animal-Free Dairy Products in Five Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Zollman Thomas ◽  
Christopher Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Purchase Intent ◽  
Consumer Adoption ◽  
Willingness To Buy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Concern with the ethical, environmental and health consequences of the livestock industry is pushing the growth of a sector of animal-free alternatives. Advancing research is allowing these products to increasingly deliver experiences on a par with and beyond the products they originally sought to emulate, but widespread consumer adoption has not yet been realised. This research surveyed 5,054 individuals from Brazil, Germany, India, the UK and the USA, examining the nature and extent of acceptance of dairy products derived from precision fermentation, one of the three main pillars of alternative proteins. We find substantial consumer acceptance across countries for these products, animal-free dairy cheese, seeing 78.8% of consumers as probably or definitely likely to try such a product, with 70.5% probably or definitely likely to buy, substantially higher than previous research has found for cultivated meat products. Consumers anticipated animal-free dairy cheese to be significantly more tasty than current vegan cheese products, and just as tasty and safe as basic animal-derived cheese while rating it as significantly more ethical and environmentally friendly. Multiple linear regression revealed that within dietary identifiers, vegetarianism and veganism were strong predictors of willingness to buy but flexitarianism showed the strongest predictive power for willingness to buy. Of all variables, the strongest predictor of willingness to buy was current level of cheese consumption. Further regressions revealed that taste perception was key to driving purchase intent across all countries. The implications of these results for the development of the animal-free dairy sector are discussed.

23. Value Added Tax

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
J. Scott Slorach ◽  
Jason Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

This chapter discusses value added tax (VAT) in the UK. VAT is charged on supplies of goods and services made in the UK. Where a person makes taxable supplies in excess of a set limit in any one-year period, he must register with Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC). He must then account to HMRC for VAT on all taxable supplies made. The total amount payable may be reduced by the amount of VAT paid on certain taxable supplies made to him. The liability to pay VAT to HMRC rests on suppliers of goods and services. However, the cost of the tax is actually borne by suppliers’ customers who are charged VAT on the goods and services they purchase. VAT is charged in the UK under the Value Added Tax Act (VATA) 1994.

scholarly journals Relationship between travel time to primary and tertiary care centres and survival in glioblastoma: the NHS Grampian experience.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv17-iv17
Author(s):  
Damjan Veljanoski ◽  
Raphae Barlas ◽  
Aimun Jamjoom ◽  
Phyo Myint
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis ◽  
Treatment Type ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Studies have demonstrated a distance-decay effect, whereby patients who live further away from their healthcare facility have poorer health outcomes. The geographical catchment area served by the neurosurgical unit in Aberdeen, Grampian region, Scotland is one of the largest in the UK. We aimed to examine the relationship between travel time as a proxy of distance travelled, and survival outcome for glioblastoma. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cohort analysis of patients with glioblastoma referred for treatment from January 2009 to December 2018. Travel time was calculated from the patients’ home to their general practitioner (GP) and to the neurosurgical unit. Logistic regression models were constructed to estimate survival at three, six and 12 months, as well as treatment within 62 days of GP referral, and within 31 days of diagnosis controlling for age, sex and treatment type. Results There were 195 patients (mean age (SD) 64.4 ± 12.9 years)57.9% were men, 65.1% were treated surgically, and 48.2% were alive after one year. Longer time travelled to GP, but not to tertiary care centre, was associated with reduced odds of mortality at three months (OR 0.88 95%CI 0.79–0.98; p=0.005) and six months (OR 0.92 95%CI 0.85–0.99; p=0.01), for each incremental increase in one minute. Conclusions Patients with glioblastoma with longer travel times to their GP were more likely to be alive at three months and six months. Further work is required to identify other factors, including degrees of socio-economic deprivation and rurality, which may influence this finding.

scholarly journals Outcome after conservatively managed intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
LS Moulton ◽  
NL Green ◽  
T Sudahar ◽  
NK Makwana ◽  
JP Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Infection Pressure ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Admission Status ◽  
American Society ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk

Introduction In 2012, 2.6% of hip-fracture patients in the UK were treated conservatively. There is little data on outcome for these patients. However, one study demonstrated that though 30-day mortality is higher, mortality over the rest of the year is comparable with that in surgical groups. Therefore, we assessed conservatively managed patients in our unit. Methods Patients with intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck treated by conservative means between 2010 and 2012 inclusive were identified. Data were collected: American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS), mobility, mortality (30 days and one year) and pain levels. Results Thirty-two patients formed the study cohort. Mean age was 85.6 years. Median ASA grade was 4. Mortality at 30 days and one year was 31.3% and 56.3%, respectively. There was one case of pneumonia and one of infection. Pressure sores or venous thromboembolism were not documented. Three patients underwent surgery once their health improved. In general, mobility was decreased, but 30.8% of patients could mobilise with two aids or a frame. Only two cases had ongoing problems with pain. Conclusions Our data are similar to those published previously. Our patients were likely to have higher mortality data due to selection bias. Thirty-day mortality was significantly higher than the national average, but patients surviving 30 days had a prevalence of mortality similar to those managed by surgical means. Despite mobility decreasing from the pre-admission status, a considerable number of patients were free of pain and could mobilise. These data suggest that conservative management of intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck can produce acceptable results.

Health, growth and development of pre-school children in Newcastle upon Tyne

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-424
Author(s):  
H. Mary Fellowes ◽  
Catherine A. Hytten ◽  
W.Z. Billewicz ◽  
A.M. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Transient Effect ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Developmental Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Newcastle Upon Tyne

SummaryOne hunderd and forty 'normal' children aged 0—5 years, selected from three large general medical practices to represent a wide socioeconomic range, were seen monthly for periods of at least one year. Average growth patterns, previously shown to be related to the energy value of diets, conformed to British standards. Height and weight were not significantly related to socioeconomic status, maternal 'efficiency', number of sibs nor place in family. About half the children aged 0.5 years or less changed growht 'channels', falling to 0.4% in children aged 2 years or more. Respiratory illnesses showed seasonal changes, but growth rates did not, and there was no evidence that illness of any kind or severity had more than a transient effect on growth rates. Developmental test scores were not found to be related to growth rates. Girls tended to have higher scores than boys. Children from non-manual families and those with sїbs at least 5 years older scored more highly in tests of language than those in other types of family.

Designing, Setting Up, and Facilitating a Knowledge Sharing Virtual Community of Practice, between Social Work Lecturers in the UK and India

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual Community of Practice (vCoP) which was developed between social work lecturers in two University settings – one in the UK and the other in India. The design and methodology draws on qualitative data collected from online discussions and semi-structured questionnaires arising from the involvement of twelve participants over a one year period. An Action Research method was adopted which allowed the shift of power from the designer to the participants over the year. This paper illustrates how a vCoP can be an ideal tool to aid communication and knowledge sharing between universities within an international context. It adds value by increasing the knowledge of participant lecturers to more than local perspectives and gives a greater understanding of social work from an international, cross-country, perspective. Although one of the limitations is that this is a small scale study, it does raise important considerations necessary for ensuring the success for vCoP’s and offers a model to aid successful online collaboration as well as important messages for those who are developing online courses and teaching within an international environment. It further gives insight into adopting Action Research as a research methodology that can be usefully used for online collaborative research.

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