Methanogenesis and Salt Tolerance Genes of a Novel Halophilic Methanosarcinaceae Metagenome-Assembled Genome from a Former Solar Saltern

Anaerobic archaeal methanogens are key players in the global carbon cycle due to their role in the final stages of organic matter decomposition in anaerobic environments such as wetland sediments. Here we present the first draft metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) sequence of an unclassified Methanosarcinaceae methanogen phylogenetically placed adjacent to the Methanolobus and Methanomethylovorans genera that appears to be a distinct genus and species. The genome is derived from sediments of a hypersaline (97–148 ppt chloride) unrestored industrial saltern that has been observed to be a significant methane source. The source sediment is more saline than previous sources of Methanolobus and Methanomethylovorans. We propose a new genus name, Methanosalis, to house this genome, which we designate with the strain name SBSPR1A. The MAG was binned with CONCOCT and then improved via scaffold extension and reassembly. The genome contains pathways for methylotrophic methanogenesis from trimethylamine and dimethylamine, as well as genes for the synthesis and transport of compatible solutes. Some genes involved in acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis are present, but those pathways appear incomplete in the genome. The MAG was more abundant in two former industrial salterns than in a nearby reference wetland and a restored wetland, both of which have much lower salinity levels, as well as significantly lower methane emissions than the salterns.

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Phylogeny and description of Eknomia, a morphologically unusual new genus of Neotropical Cryptinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), with three new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3237.1.3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3237 (1) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

BERNARDO F. SANTOS ◽

ALEXANDRE P. AGUIAR

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Sister Group ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Dorsal Valve ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Distinct Genus ◽

Three New Species ◽

Equal Weighting

The Cryptini Eknomia Santos et Aguiar gen. nov. is proposed, described, and cladistically compared with representativespecies of 40 outgroup genera from twelve cryptine subtribes. A total of 98 morphological characters were evaluated. Allanalyses, conducted in TNT under implied and equal weighting, clearly suggest that Eknomia is a monophyletic groupand can be treated as a distinct genus. Its likely sister group, however, varied among different analyses and could not beascertained. The relationships of the new genus are therefore unclear, and because of this it is not assigned to any of thecurrently recognized subtribes. Eknomia can be diagnosed mainly by the anterior transverse carina of propodeum entirelyabsent; propodeum more or less uniformly strigate; clypeus almost entirely flattened; ovipositor stout, with compressed,minutely serrate flange at apex of dorsal valve, subapically crossed by a subvertical line; first metasomal spiracle placedat tergite midlength or nearly so; and hind margin of metanotum with tooth-like projections. The species E. nigra Santoset Aguiar, sp. nov., E. rubra Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. and E. propodeator Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The genus is recorded from Colombia to southern Brazil.

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Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in archaeal phylum Verstraetearchaeota reveals the shared ancestry of all methanogens

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1815631116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 116 (11) ◽

pp. 5037-5044 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Bojk A. Berghuis ◽

Feiqiao Brian Yu ◽

Frederik Schulz ◽

Paul C. Blainey ◽

Tanja Woyke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Paradigm Shift ◽

Carbon Fixation ◽

Methanogenic Archaea ◽

Global Carbon Cycle ◽

Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis ◽

Shared Ancestry ◽

Hydrogenotrophic Methanogens ◽

Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase ◽

Global Carbon ◽

Insight Into

Methanogenic archaea are major contributors to the global carbon cycle and were long thought to belong exclusively to the euryarchaeal phylum. Discovery of the methanogenesis gene cluster methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr) in the Bathyarchaeota, and thereafter the Verstraetearchaeota, led to a paradigm shift, pushing back the evolutionary origin of methanogenesis to predate that of the Euryarchaeota. The methylotrophic methanogenesis found in the non-Euryarchaota distinguished itself from the predominantly hydrogenotrophic methanogens found in euryarchaeal orders as the former do not couple methanogenesis to carbon fixation through the reductive acetyl-CoA [Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP)], which was interpreted as evidence for independent evolution of the two methanogenesis pathways. Here, we report the discovery of a complete and divergent hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway in a thermophilic order of the Verstraetearchaeota, which we have named Candidatus Methanohydrogenales, as well as the presence of the WLP in the crenarchaeal order Desulfurococcales. Our findings support the ancient origin of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, suggest that methylotrophic methanogenesis might be a later adaptation of specific orders, and provide insight into how the transition from hydrogenotrophic to methylotrophic methanogenesis might have occurred.

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Morpho-molecular diversity of Linocarpaceae (Chaetosphaeriales): Claviformispora gen. nov. from decaying branches of Phyllostachys heteroclada

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.69.54231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

pp. 113-129

Author(s):

Xiu-Lan Xu ◽

Chun-Lin Yang ◽

Rajesh Jeewon ◽

Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe ◽

Ying-Gao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Molecular Diversity ◽

New Genus ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

New Taxon ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Distinct Genus

In this paper, Claviformisporagen. nov. in Linocarpaceae is introduced from Phyllostachys heteroclada in Sichuan Province, China. The new genus is characterised by its distinct morphological characters, such as ostiole with periphyses, asci with a thick doughnut-shaped, J- apical ring and clavate ascospore without septum-like band and appendage. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequence data from ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF-1α regions, provide further evidence that the fungus is a distinct genus within this family. The new genus is compared with similar genera, such as Linocarpon and Neolinocarpon. Descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided for the new taxon.

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New epiphytic sooty molds: Alloscorias syngonii (Readerielliopsidaceae) from Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.507.4.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 507 (4) ◽

Author(s):

SUKANYA HAITUK ◽

NAKARIN SUWANNARACH ◽

SINANG HONGSANAN ◽

CHANOKNED SENWANNA ◽

RATCHADAWAN CHEEWANGKOON

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Distinct Genus

A novel taxon was found as epiphytic sooty molds on Syngonium podophyllum from Thailand. A new genus, Alloscorias gen. nov. is established to accommodate a novel taxon, named A. syngonii. The morphological characters of the species are observed in culture. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of LSU, ITS, TEF-1α and RPB2 sequence data together with morphological support that Alloscorias is a distinct genus within Readerielliopsidaceae (Capnodiales). Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided in this paper.

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Taxonomy of Sarga, Sorghum and Vacoparis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae)

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb01006 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 279 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Russell E. Spangler

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Species Boundaries ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Species Limits ◽

The Past ◽

Distinct Genus ◽

Variable Species ◽

Rank Constraints ◽

Name Changes

Sorghum taxa are evaluated in light of recent molecular and morphological evidence. The data suggest that three distinct lineages exist, but relationships among these lineages are unresolved. Each lineage is recognised here as a distinct genus in the context of overall variation in tribe Andropogoneae. The type species for the name Sorghum is S. bicolor, the cultivar. S. halepense and S. nitidum are also retained in Sorghum. The name Sarga is resurrected to encompass the set of species formerly making up the bulk of subgenera Parasorghum and Stiposorghum. A new genus, Vacoparis, is defined to include the cytologically and morphologically distinct Australasian taxa, V. macrospermum and V. laxiflorum. The taxonomy proposed is contrasted with a rankless alternative to illustrate the smaller number of name changes that can be accomplished when rank constraints are not enforced. Uncertain relationships among the three lineages as well as among a large number of taxa comprising subtribe Saccharinae exemplifies the difficulties in assigning ranks to taxa that may have future dramatic name changes with new data. As discussions progress concerning the validity and utility of rankless classifications, concrete examples, such as the revision presented here, can provide insights into specific cases where strengths and weaknesses can be evaluated. Species boundaries in Sarga are different from those formerly defined. Continuous variation across specimens in characters used to distinguish taxa in the past led to the decision to broaden species limits so that fewer and morphologically variable species are recognised.

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Elbamycella rosea gen. et sp. nov. (Juncigenaceae, Torpedosporales) isolated from the Mediterranean Sea

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.55.35522 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 15-28

Author(s):

Anna Poli ◽

Elena Bovio ◽

Gerard Verkley ◽

Valeria Prigione ◽

Giovanna Cristina Varese

Keyword(s):

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Brown Alga ◽

New Genus ◽

Phylogenetic Inference ◽

New Taxon ◽

The Family ◽

Distinct Genus ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Bayesian Phylogeny

Elbamycellaroseasp. nov., introduced in the new genus Elbamycella, was collected in the Mediterranean Sea in association with the seagrass Posidoniaoceanica and with the brown alga Padinapavonica. The affiliation of the new taxon to the family Juncigenaceae is supported by both morphology and phylogenetic inference based on a combined nrSSU and nrLSU sequence dataset. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny proved Elbamycellagen. nov. as a distinct genus within Juncigenaceae. The new genus has been compared with closely related genera and is characterised by a unique suite of characters, such as ascospores with polar appendages and peculiar shape and dimension of ascomata and asci.

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Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in archaeal phylum Verstraetearchaeota reveals the shared ancestry of all methanogens

10.1101/391417 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bojk A. Berghuis ◽

Feiqiao Brian Yu ◽

Frederik Schulz ◽

Paul C. Blainey ◽

Tanja Woyke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Paradigm Shift ◽

Carbon Fixation ◽

Methanogenic Archaea ◽

Global Carbon Cycle ◽

Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽

Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis ◽

Shared Ancestry ◽

Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase ◽

Global Carbon ◽

Insight Into

AbstractMethanogenic archaea are major contributors to the global carbon cycle and were long thought to belong exclusively to the euryarchaeotal phylum. Discovery of the methanogenesis gene cluster methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr) in the Bathyarchaeota and thereafter the Verstraetearchaeota led to a paradigm shift, pushing back the evolutionary origin of methanogenesis to pre-date that of the Euryarchaeota. The methylotrophic methanogenesis found in the non-Euryarchaota distinguished itself from the predominantly hydrogenotrophic methanogens found in euryarchaeal orders as the former do not couple methanogenesis to carbon fixation through the reductive acetyl-coenzyme A (Wood-Ljungdahl) pathway, which was interpreted as evidence for independent evolution of the two methanogenesis pathways. Here, we report the discovery of a complete and divergent hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway in a novel, thermophilic order of the Verstraetearchaeota which we have named Candidatus Methanohydrogenales, as well as the presence of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in the crenarchaeal order Desulfurococcales. Our findings support the ancient origin of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, suggest that methylotrophic methanogenesis might be a later adaptation of specific orders, and provide insight into how transition from hydrogenotrophic to methylotrophic methanogenesis might occur.

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Thainema gen. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Synechococcales): A new genus of simple trichal cyanobacteria isolated from a solar saltern environment in Thailand

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261682 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. e0261682

Author(s):

Somayeh Rasouli-Dogaheh ◽

Jiří Komárek ◽

Thomrat Chatchawan ◽

Tomáš Hauer

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Solar Saltern ◽

Morphological Comparison ◽

Saline Environment ◽

The Family ◽

Cryptic Taxa ◽

Ecological Habitats ◽

Central Thailand

Simple trichal types constitute a group of cyanobacteria with an abundance of novel, often cryptic taxa. Here, we investigated material collected from wet surface-soil in a saline environment in Petchaburi Province, central Thailand. A morphological comparison of the isolated strain with similar known species, as well as its phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses based on the combined datasets of other related organisms, especially simple trichal cyanobacteria, revealed that the material of this study represented an independent taxon. Using a multifaceted method, we propose that this material represents a new genus, Thainema gen. nov., belonging to the family Leptolyngbyaceae, with the type species Thainema salinarum sp. nov. This novel taxon shares similar ecological habitats with strains previously placed in the same lineage.

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A New Genus of Trichostrongylid Worms from the Kangaroo

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s003118200002000x ◽

1924 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 160-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Asa C. Chandler

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

New Genus ◽

Distinct Genus ◽

Parasitic Worms

In the upper part of the small intestine of a Bennett's kangaroo, Macropus bennetti, there was found many parasitic worms which, although closely related to Nematodirus, differ from members of this genus sufficiently to warrant separation into a distinct genus.

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X.—On the Genus Plutonides (non Plutonia) from the Cambrian Rocks of St. David's

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756800121193 ◽

1895 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 230-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Henry Hicks

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

New Genus ◽

British Museum ◽

British Association ◽

Large Size ◽

Unusual Position ◽

Generic Term ◽

Distinct Genus ◽

The One ◽

First Time

Quite recently, Mr. B. B. Woodward, F.G.S., of the British Museum (Natural History), called my attention, for the first time, to the fact that the name Plutonia, which I adopted for a genus of Trilobites in 1868, had previously been used by Stabile (Atti. Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. vii, p. 121, 1864) for a genus of Mollusca. As Stabile's generic term has therefore a priority of four years it is necessary that I should rename the Trilobite, and it has been suggested to me by Mr. Belinfante, B.Sc., Assist. Sec. Geol. Soc., that Plutonides would be the most suitable term and the one least likely to lead to confusion. In the Report of the British Association for 1868, p. 69, where the genus is first mentioned, after describing the beds in which it occurs I refer to it as follows: “The new genus, for which the author proposes the name Plutonia, is only known to occur in these beds. This remarkable fossil is of very large size, equalling, indeed, in this respect Paradoxides Davidis. It is, perhaps, also more nearly allied to the genus Paradoxides than to any other known, but its peculiar character of being covered all over with very strong tubercles, associated with an unusual position for the eye suture, and straight, very long thoracic pleuræ, is sufficient to stamp it a new and distinct genus.”.

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