scholarly journals Obesity and Morbidity Risk in the U.S. Veteran

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Jose A. Betancourt ◽  
Paula Stigler Granados ◽  
Gerardo J. Pacheco ◽  
Ramalingam Shanmugam ◽  
C. Scott Kruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The U.S

The obesity epidemic in the United States has been well documented and serves as the basis for a number of health interventions across the nation. However, those who have served in the U.S. military (Veteran population) suffer from obesity in higher numbers and have an overall disproportionate poorer health status when compared to the health of the older non-Veteran population in the U.S. which may further compound their overall health risk. This study examined both the commonalities and the differences in obesity rates and the associated co-morbidities among the U.S. Veteran population, utilizing data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data are considered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to be the nation’s best source for health-related survey data, and the 2018 version includes 437,467 observations. Study findings show not only a significantly higher risk of obesity in the U.S. Veteran population, but also a significantly higher level (higher odds ratio) of the associated co-morbidities when compared to non-Veterans, including coronary heart disease (CHD) or angina (odds ratio (OR) = 2.63); stroke (OR = 1.86); skin cancer (OR = 2.18); other cancers (OR = 1.73); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 1.52), emphysema, or chronic bronchitis; arthritis (OR = 1.52), rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia; depressive disorders (OR = 0.84), and diabetes (OR = 1.61) at the 0.95 confidence interval level.

Health-Related Quality of Life: A Comparative Analysis of Caregivers of People With Dementia, Cancer, COPD/Emphysema, and Diabetes and Noncaregivers, 2015–2018 BRFSS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekin Secinti ◽  
Ashley B Lewson ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Erin E Kent ◽  
Catherine E Mosher
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Many informal caregivers experience significant caregiving burden and report worsening health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Caregiver HRQoL may vary by disease context, but this has rarely been studied. Purpose Informed by the Model of Carer Stress and Burden, we compared HRQoL outcomes of prevalent groups of caregivers of people with chronic illness (i.e., dementia, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]/emphysema, and diabetes) and noncaregivers and examined whether caregiving intensity (e.g., duration and hours) was associated with caregiver HRQoL. Methods Using 2015–2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we identified caregivers of people with dementia (n = 4,513), cancer (n = 3,701), COPD/emphysema (n = 1,718), and diabetes (n = 2,504) and noncaregivers (n = 176,749). Regression analyses were used to compare groups. Results Caregiver groups showed small, nonsignificant differences in HRQoL outcomes. Consistent with theory, all caregiver groups reported more mentally unhealthy days than noncaregivers (RRs = 1.29–1.61, ps < .001). Caregivers of people with cancer and COPD/emphysema reported more physically unhealthy days than noncaregivers (RRs = 1.17–1.24, ps < .01), and caregivers of people with diabetes reported a similar pattern (RR = 1.24, p = .01). However, general health and days of interference of poor health did not differ between caregivers and noncaregivers. Across caregiver groups, most caregiving intensity variables were unrelated to HRQoL outcomes; only greater caregiving hours were associated with more mentally unhealthy days (RR = 1.13, p < .001). Conclusions Results suggest that HRQoL decrements associated with caregiving do not vary substantially across chronic illness contexts and are largely unrelated to the perceived intensity of the caregiving. Findings support the development and implementation of strategies to optimize caregiver health across illness contexts.

scholarly journals 23Multiple Chronic Conditions: Need for Ongoing Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance

Abstract Background Increasing burden of Multiple Chronic Conditions (MCC) is a global priority. However, lack of a consistent definition makes it a challenge to compare burden of MCC amongst countries. The objective of this study is twofold: 1) to present research on the prevalence of MCC among US adults and 2) to reopen a global dialogue on potential areas for intervention including a consensus on the taxonomy of MCC. Methods Combined data for 2015 through 2018 from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor and Surveillance system (n = 1373755) were analyzed to determine prevalence of MCC. Adults were categorized as having 0, 1, 2, or 3 or more of the following diagnosed chronic conditions: angina, arthritis, asthma, cancer, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, myocardial infarction (heart attack), obesity, or stroke. Results More than 61% of US adults had at least 1 of the 12 selected chronic conditions. Furthermore, 47.8 percent of US adults had MCC. For US adults with 2 chronic conditions, the MCC dyad with the highest prevalence was arthritis and obesity. Among adults with 3 or more chronic conditions, the MCC triad of arthritis, asthma, and obesity was the most prevalent. Conclusions The findings of this study contribute information to the field of MCC research in response to the need for ongoing surveillance. Key messages Ongoing MCC research efforts will provide a much needed paradigm shift in management of chronic conditions in the public health domain.

scholarly journals Physical Activity in Older Cancer Survivors: What Role Do Multimorbidity and Perceived Disability Play?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley M. Bluethmann ◽  
Wayne Foo ◽  
Renate M. Winkels ◽  
Scherezade K. Mama ◽  
Kathryn H. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Perceived Disability

Purpose: (a) To describe the relationship of multimorbidity and physical activity (PA) in cancer survivors and (b) to explore perceived disability and PA in middle-aged and older survivors. Methods: The authors analyzed the data from cancer survivors (N = 566), identified using the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry, who responded to a Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System-derived questionnaire. They created age groups (e.g., 45–54 years, 55–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and older) and calculated a composite score of eight common comorbidities (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease) to assess multimorbidity. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of demographic and behavioral/clinical risk factors (e.g., multimorbidity, perceived disability, body mass index) with PA. Results: Most respondents were females (62%), older (mean age = 68 years) and represented diverse cancer sites, including breast (n = 132), colorectal (n = 102), gynecologic (n = 106), prostate (n = 111), and lung (n = 80). PA participation was mixed; 44% of survivors reported achieving >150 min of aerobic PA, but half of lung and 37% of gynecologic survivors reported no PA (0 min/week). Higher multimorbidity (odds ratio = 0.82, confidence  interval [0.69, 0.98], p < .05), obesity (odds ratio = 0.51, confidence  interval [0.30, 0.86], p < .05), and perceived disability (odds ratio = 0.49, confidence  interval [0.32, 0.77], p < .001) were negatively associated with PA participation. Strength training was suboptimal across all survivors. Conclusion: Most older survivors experienced comorbid conditions, and this was associated with less PA. Survivors who perceived themselves as disabled or who were obese were half as likely as others to participate in PA. This suggests an increasing need to address both physical and psychological limitations in designing PA interventions for real-world needs. Exercise interventions that address the unique needs of older survivors for multimorbidity, obesity, and perceived disability may strengthen opportunities for PA.

scholarly journals 990. Impact of Influenza Vaccination Setting on Timing of Vaccination in a National Sample of Influenza-Vaccinated Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S293-S293
Author(s):  
Megan Luther
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Flu Shot

Abstract Background The CDC recommends annual influenza vaccination by the end of October if possible. Timing of vaccination is vital since people over 65 may be at risk for intraseason immunity waning. Traditionally, vaccinations occur in doctor’s offices, but other settings are increasing the availability and convenience of vaccines. The objective was to assess the association between timing and setting of influenza vaccination. Methods The 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) telephone survey was used to identify adults in the United States who reported a flu shot in the past year. Based on self-reported date of flu shot, the 2014–2015 flu season was included and divided into early (July–October) vs. late (November–May) vaccination. Settings of vaccination included doctor’s office, clinic/hospital, store, and work. Covariates of interest were demographics, having a checkup within previous 1 year, insurance, obesity (BMI ≥ 30), alcohol use, current smoking status, and comorbidities. Comorbidities (hypertension, high cholesterol, stroke, angina, heart attack, skin cancer, other cancer, arthritis, depression, kidney disease, diabetes, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) were categorized as 0, 1–2, or 3+ present. Logistic regression, stratified by age ≥65, identified predictors of early vaccination. Results A total of 130,615 patients were included. Patients vaccinated in doctor’s offices and stores tended to be older and have higher rates of comorbidities compared with those in clinics or at work. In age-stratified analyses, patients 18–64 had higher odds of early vaccination at clinics (odds ratio 1.11, 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.22), stores (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.002–1.19), and work (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.71–2.05) compared with doctor’s offices. Patients aged ≥65 had higher odds of early vaccination at stores (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.27) and work (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.33–2.09). Patients with certain traits (e.g., males, smokers, and those with children) have lower odds of early vaccination. Conclusion Vaccination setting is associated with vaccination timing: nontraditional (store, work) settings increase the odds of receiving a flu shot before the end of October. Age plays a key role in when and where patients receive flu vaccinations. Vaccination programs in nontraditional settings should consider targeting the later flu season to increase participation. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Difference in Long-Term Trends in COPD Mortality between China and the U.S., 1992–2017: An Age–Period–Cohort Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyu Wen ◽  
Cong Xie ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Yafeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Copd Mortality ◽  
The U.S

Complications due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death in China and the United States (U.S.). This study aimed to investigate the long-term trends in COPD mortality in China and the U.S. using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) and explore the age, period, and cohort effects independently by sex under the age–period–cohort (APC) framework. Taking the age group 40–44 years old, the period 1992–1996, and the birth cohort 1913–1917 as reference groups, we found that the age relative risks (RRs) of COPD mortality increased exponentially in both China and the U.S., the period RRs increased in the U.S. but decreased in China; and the cohort RRs showed an overall downward trend in both China and the U.S. with the year of birth. From 1992 to 2017, the increased RRs of COPD mortality in the U.S. was mainly attributable to the increased prevalence of smoking before 1965, while the decreased RRs of COPD mortality in China was mainly attributable to reduced air pollution as well as improvements in medical technology and more accessible health services. Reducing tobacco consumption may be the most effective and feasible way to prevent COPD in China. However, we also need to pay more attention to COPD in nonsmokers in the future.

scholarly journals 1165Multiple Chronic Conditions: Need for Ongoing Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance

Abstract Background Increasing burden of Multiple Chronic Conditions (MCC) is a global priority. However, lack of a consistent definition makes it a challenge to compare burden of MCC amongst countries. The objective of this study is twofold: 1) to present research on the prevalence of MCC among US adults and 2) to reopen a global dialogue on potential areas for intervention including a consensus on the taxonomy of MCC. Methods Combined data for 2015 through 2018 from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor and Surveillance system (n = 1373755) were analyzed to determine prevalence of MCC. Adults were categorized as having 0, 1, 2, or 3 or more of the following diagnosed chronic conditions: angina, arthritis, asthma, cancer, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, myocardial infarction (heart attack), obesity, or stroke. Results More than 61% of US adults had at least 1 of the 12 selected chronic conditions. Furthermore, 47.8 percent of US adults had MCC. For US adults with 2 chronic conditions, the MCC dyad with the highest prevalence was arthritis and obesity. Among adults with 3 or more chronic conditions, the MCC triad of arthritis, asthma, and obesity was the most prevalent. Conclusions The findings of this study contribute information to the field of MCC research in response to the need for ongoing surveillance. Key messages Ongoing MCC research efforts will provide a much needed paradigm shift in management of chronic conditions in the public health domain.

scholarly journals SOHAM: SEARCHING OUR-OWN HEALTH AFTER MEDICINE By Understanding Physician Mortality Data from The United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Deepak Gupta ◽  
Sarwan Kumar ◽  
Shushovan Chakrabortty
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Control And Prevention

While SEARCHING OUR-OWN HEALTH AFTER MEDICINE (SOHAM), we as aging physicians have to first explore and expose our mortality with underlying uniqueness of causes for physician mortality. Herein, publicly available data at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from National Occupational Mortality Surveillance program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health comes in handy. As compared to all occupational workers in the United States, intentional self-harm, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s and other degenerative disease were more likely causes of death while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diseases of the respiratory system, ischemic heart disease and diseases of the heart were less likely causes of death among physicians in the United States. Summarily, we as physicians may have somewhat overcome sufferings of our lungs and hearts but surrendered to sufferings of our brains and minds and therefore must envisage devising physical, psychological, socioeconomic and spiritual interventions for constantly bettering our living.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document