scholarly journals Participation in Regular Physical Activity According to the Type of Disability, Sex, Point of Disability Diagnosis, and Ability to Walk Independently in South Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Changok Cho ◽  
Wonsang Shin ◽  
Sunga Kong
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Acquired Disability ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Disability Group

This study aimed to compare rates of participation in physical activity according to the type of disability, sex, point of disability diagnosis (congenital vs. acquired), and ability to walk independently. The study involved individuals who were registered as disabled based on the 2020 Sports Survey for the Disabled project of the Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare. Participants (mean age: 49.94 ± 12.35 years) included those with physical disabilities (n = 889), visual impairments (n = 523), hearing/speech impairments (n = 412), intellectual disabilities (n = 561), and disabilities associated with brain lesions (n = 364). Rates of severe (100%) and congenital disability (65.95%) were highest in the intellectual disability group. Acquired disability was most frequent in the physical disability group (94.71%). The highest frequency of independent walking ability was observed in the hearing/speech impairment group (99.27%). The rate of participation in physical activity was significantly higher in the acquired (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.87, p = 0.005) and independent walking (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.11–1.84, p = 0.005) hearing/speech impairment groups than in the corresponding physical disability groups after adjusting for age, sex, and severity. Our findings highlight the need to promote physical activity for people with physical and intellectual disabilities based on the factors examined in this study.

Stereotypes of People with Physical Disabilities and Speech Impairments as Detected by Partially Structured Attitude Measures

2010 ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Stern ◽  
John W. Mullennix ◽  
Ashley Davis Fortier ◽  
Elizabeth Steinhauser
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Speech Disabilities ◽  
People With Physical Disabilities

Partially Structured Attitude Measures (PSAMs) are non-reaction-time based measures of implicit attitudes. Participants’ attitudes are measured by the degree to which they react toward ambiguous stimuli. The authors developed a series of PSAMs to examine six stereotypes of people with disabilities: asexual, unappealing, isolated, dependent, entitled, and unemployable. In two studies, they found that PSAMs detected implicit endorsements of stereotypes toward people with a physical disability, speech impairment, or combination of the two. Compared to people without disabilities, stereotypes were endorsed for people with disabilities, with unappealing, dependent and unemployable being more prominent for physically disabled targets and dependent, entitled and isolated being more prominent for speech disabled targets. Implications for understanding the stereotyping of people with physical and speech disabilities are discussed.

The meaning of experiencing disability and its effect on one’s perception of society

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Monika Skura
Keyword(s):  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Check List ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
People With Physical Disabilities

People with physical disabilities, just as other people who have a different appearance or function in a different way may experience negative social mechanisms. Therefore, it is worth asking, what does it mean to experience different stages of the process of accepting one's disability in a society. The research sample consisted of 75 people with physical disabilities. The data was collected using a questionnaire and the Adjective Check List (ACL) by H.B. Gough, A.B. Heilbrun. The first part of this article aims to determine what difficulties are involved in experiencing a disability. Subsequently, the data is presented regarding the perception of the disabled people of: non-disabled people, people with physical disabilities and people with a different type of disability. It turns out, that regardless of the stage of adapting to their own disability, people with a physical disability are most likely to meet with the able-bodied and their own group of people.

scholarly journals Retrospective of Providing Assistance to Children with Various Developmental Disabilities in Ukraine: X-XX Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Yu. Lyndina ◽  
Oleksandr V. Kozynets
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pedagogical Analysis

The study and historical and pedagogical analysis of aiding children with mental and physical disabilities make it possible to trace the development of the educational system and find ways to improve it. The purpose of the study is to investigate the issue of supporting children with various variants of developmental disorders during the 10th and 20th centuries in Ukraine, analysis and justification of the problem. To fulfil this purpose, archival sources and scientific studies of scientists who studied this issue were investigated. The main chronological events of caring for children with various disorders, which later became the basis for the development of special education, are substantiated. Based on the chronicles of the Ipatiev and Lavrentiy lists, the public’s awareness of the importance of raising children with hearing and speech impairments, as well as studying the elements of literacy and learning the craft, was clarified. The history of care for children with physical and intellectual disabilities in Ukraine during the 10th-20th centuries is examined. The study outlines information about the facts of the first attempts to provide pedagogical assistance in the education of the so-called “limited abilities” students in the public education system, which was preceded by the reform in the field of education. Historical data on the attitude of society towards children with various developmental disabilities in Ukraine in the period of 10th20th centuries are analysed, as well as the dynamics of development in the field of assistance to children with mental and physical disabilities in this period. The facts about the transfer of the problem of raising children with intellectual disabilities to private institutions and the opening of psychiatric hospitals, which aided persons with developmental disabilities. The study covered I. Sikorsky's contribution to the problem of providing aid and care to those whose mental underdevelopment is a psychological and pedagogical problem. For a deeper retrospective of aiding children with various variants of developmental disabilities in Ukraine in the 10th and 20th centuries, it is necessary to explore the arguments for opening and organising state assistance to various categories of children with mental and physical disabilities

scholarly journals Atividade física e deficiência física: preferências, motivações e barreiras para a prática de atividade física

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Luciana Erina Palma ◽  
Bhianca Conterato Patias ◽  
Roberta Marostega Feck
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Motivational Factor ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Health Dimension ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
People With Physical Disabilities

OBJETIVO: Objetivou-se identificar as preferências, barreiras e motivações para a prática de atividade física por pessoas com deficiência física. MÉTODOS: A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo, do tipo descritivo. Participaram do estudo 34 indivíduos com deficiência física, 27 eram ativos e 7 inativos, com média de idades de 35,5 anos. Para as coletas dos dados, utilizaram-se questionários sobre preferência, motivações e barreiras para prática de atividade física. RESULTADOS: A partir dos resultados, as preferências identificadas envolvem a prática esportiva, especialmente, o basquetebol em cadeira de rodas. Sobre as motivações, a dimensão saúde se sobressaiu como o fator motivacional mais citado. Quanto às barreiras, a falta de equipamentos disponíveis e adaptados foi a mais evidenciada para a prática de atividades físicas. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados subsidiam a criação de atividades específicas considerando as preferências e as motivações apresentadas pelas pessoas com deficiência física, aliado à tentativa de minimizar as barreiras para esta prática.ABSTRACT. Physical activity and physical disability: preferences, motivations and barriers for the practice of physical activity.OBJECTIVE: The objective was to identify preferences, barriers and motivations for the practice of physical activity by people with physical disabilities. METHODS: The research is qualitative, of the descriptive type. Thirty-four individuals with physical disability participated in the study, 27 were active and 7 were inactive, with an average age of 35.5 years. For data collection, questionnaires were used on preferences, motivations and barriers for the practice of physical activity. RESULTS: From the results, the identified preferences involve the sports practice, mainly, the wheelchair basketball. On the motivations, the health dimension stood out as the most cited motivational factor, both by the active and the inactive subjects. As for the barriers, the lack of equipment available and adapted was the most evidenced for the practice of physical activities. CONCLUSION: These results subsidize the creation of specific activities considering the preferences and motivations presented by people with physical disabilities, along with the attempt to minimize the barriers for this practice.

scholarly journals Physical disabilities and psychosocial status of the patients attending in a selected specialized hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-745
Author(s):  
Mst Wazeda Begum ◽  
Ashees Kumar Saha ◽  
China Rani Mittra ◽  
Sajeda Khatun ◽  
Khorshed Ali Miah
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Psychosocial Status ◽  
The Disabled

This study was conducted at CRP Saver Dhaka, with a view to described the various factors that affect the physical disabilities and psychosocial status of the disabled patients, from January to December, 2015. The sample size was 150 and the data were collected by using purposive sampling technique with face-to-face interview. The study revealed that, counterpart (42%). Rural area was found to have highest (56.7%) of Physical disabilities than urban areas (43.3%). Majority of respondents were come from middle and low income group. Neuromuscular disability found higher numbered (67%) than that of musculo skeletal disability (33%). Regarding reasons of disability stroke (25.3%) was in highest position followed by fall from height (21.39%), RTA (16%) and occupational (5.30%) respectively. Physical disability was one of the major causes of psychological problem. Physical disability hamper the social status, (10.7%) of the respondents were lost their jobs due to disabilities. Study found the significance difference between the physical disabilities and interruption of community involvement (χ2 =34.162, p=<0.05). Studies regarding psychosocial aspect among the disabled are rare. This study might be improving the understanding of psychosocial problem of the physical disabled and thereby strengthening the design of more effective identification, prevention and intervention strategies. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 738-745

Examining the Connection between Exposure to People with Physical Disabilities and Staring Behaviour among Able-bodied Adults

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Seissman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Content Model ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
Activity Setting ◽  
People With Physical Disabilities ◽  
Image Type

Previous work suggests that interacting with people with disabilities is an effective strategy for improving attitudes and behaviours towards this stigmatized group. However, the optimal context for such interactions is unknown. Studies have found that portraying an individual with a disability as physically active may improve how able-bodied individuals perceive him/her. This study applies the stereotype content model to evaluate whether experience interacting with people with physical disabilities in a physical activity setting is a more effective strategy for mitigating negative behavioural reactions (staring) towards this population than interaction in a non-physical activity setting, or no interaction at all. The study uses eye tracking to evaluate staring behaviours in response to four image types: disabled/active, disabled/inactive, able-bodied/active, and able-bodied/inactive. Thus, this research will also examine interaction effects between experience level and image type. This study will provide evidence as to whether interacting with individuals with physical disability in a physical activity setting should be targeted as a real-word intervention for improving the way in which people with physical disabilities are treated.

scholarly journals Examining Implicit Attitudes towards Exercisers with a Physical Disability

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra D. Dionne ◽  
Heather L. Gainforth ◽  
Deborah A. O’Malley ◽  
Amy E. Latimer-Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Explicit Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
People With Physical Disabilities ◽  
Disability Attitudes

Background.Using measures of explicit attitudes, physical activity status has been established as a factor that reduces the stigma able-bodied people hold towards people with physical disabilities. This phenomenon is called the exerciser stereotype. However, whether the exerciser stereotype exists when using measures of implicit attitudes remains unknown.Objective.The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of negative implicit attitudes towards people with physical disabilities and determine whether implicit attitudes towards people with physical disabilities were influenced by the exerciser stereotype.Methods.One hundred able-bodied participants (82 females, 18 males) completed two implicit association tests (IATs): the Disability-Attitudes IAT and the Disability-Activity IAT. The Disability-Attitudes IAT measured implicit attitudes towards people who were not disabled relative to disabled; the Disability-Activity IAT measured attitudes towards people with a physical disability who were active relative to inactive.Results.Results revealed that 83.8% of participants had negative implicit attitudes towards people with a disability. Participants held more positive attitudes towards active versus inactive people with a physical disability.Conclusions.The study findings indicate that the exerciser stereotype exists implicitly and may undermine negative attitudes towards people with physical disabilities.

Modeling Different Groups of Pedestrians With Physical Disability, Using the Social Force Model and Fractional Order Potential Fields

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stuart ◽  
Mohammad Sadra Sharifi ◽  
Keith Christensen ◽  
Anthony Chen ◽  
Yong Seog Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Potential Fields ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disability Group

Modeling individuals with physical disabilities in a crowd has previously been in the form of a pure adjustment to velocity representing an entire group. However, current research involving individuals with various types of disability has shown interactions are far more complex and varying. These types comprised of mechanical and electric wheelchair, vision impaired, and various other mobility-related disabilities. Preliminary results have shown that each group varies not only in velocity, but also in composition of their environment. Further results show other differences in interaction within a crowd. This paper provides for some preliminary differences found in the study of individuals with disabilities within a crowd and how those differences change pedestrian interaction. Using the nature of Fractional Order Potential Fields (FOPF), this paper will provide some results for how pedestrian interaction can be adjusted to fit the varying differences found within each disability group.

scholarly journals The Effects of Societal and Structural Barriers on Participation among Individuals with Physical Disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Nathan Perkins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Recommended Guidelines ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines recommend that the more than 53 million people living with a physical disability in the United States to participate in regular physical activities consisting of both aerobic and anaerobic components, if possible. Also, if individuals with physical disabilities are unable to meet the recommended physical activity guidelines, they are encouraged to do as much as their physical disability permits. Despite the recommended guidelines, several individuals with physical disabilities do not participate in regular physical activities. Prior research suggests that several societal and structural barriers in sport and exercise environments often negatively affect individuals with physical disabilities. Thus, it is essential for family members, healthcare practitioners, rehabilitation/recreational teams, and community leaders to encourage individuals with physical disabilities to conquer barriers that restrict participation.

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