scholarly journals Can Ketogenic Diet Therapy Improve Migraine Frequency, Severity and Duration?

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1105
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Haslam ◽  
Aaron Bezzina ◽  
Jaimee Herbert ◽  
Neil Spratt ◽  
Megan E. Rollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Migraine Frequency ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
History Of ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Migraine is the third most common condition worldwide and is responsible for a major clinical and economic burden. The current pilot trial investigated whether ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) is superior to an evidence-informed healthy “anti-headache” dietary pattern (AHD) in improving migraine frequency, severity and duration. A 12-week randomised controlled crossover trial consisting of the two dietary intervention periods was undertaken. Eligible participants were those with a history of migraines and who had regularly experienced episodes of moderate or mildly intense headache in the previous 4 weeks. Migraine frequency, duration and severity were assessed via self-report in the Migraine Buddy© app. Participants were asked to measure urinary ketones and side effects throughout the KDT. Twenty-six participants were enrolled, and 16 participants completed all sessions. Eleven participants completed a symptom checklist; all reported side-effects during KDT, with the most frequently reported side effect being fatigue (n = 11). All completers experienced migraine during AHD, with 14/16 experiencing migraine during KDT. Differences in migraine frequency, severity or duration between dietary intervention groups were not statistically significant. However, a clinically important trend toward lower migraine duration on KDT was noted. Further research in this area is warranted, with strategies to lower participant burden and promote adherence and retention.

scholarly journals Protocol for an outcome assessor-blinded pilot randomised controlled trial of an ion-exchange water softener for the prevention of atopic eczema in neonates, with an embedded mechanistic study: the Softened Water for Eczema Prevention (SOFTER) trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e027168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarif K Jabbar-Lopez ◽  
Nikeeta Gurung ◽  
Danielle Greenblatt ◽  
Annette Briley ◽  
Joanne R Chalmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Atopic Eczema ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Softened Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Water Softener

IntroductionAtopic eczema affects 20% of UK children, and environmental factors are important in its aetiology. Several observational studies suggest an increased risk of atopic eczema in children living in hard water areas. The Softened Water for Eczema Prevention pilot trial tests the feasibility of installing domestic ion-exchange water softeners around the time of birth to reduce the risk of atopic eczema in children with a family history of atopy. A further aim is to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms for this in an embedded mechanistic study.Methods and analysisMulticentre parallel group assessor-blinded randomised controlled pilot trial. Participants are newborn babies (n=80) living in a hard water (>250 mg/L calcium carbonate) area at risk of developing atopic eczema because of a family history of atopy. Participants will be randomised prior to birth in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group will have an ion-exchange water softener installed prior to birth. The control group will receive their usual domestic hard water supply. Follow-up will be until 6 months of age. Data will be collected at birth (baseline), 1, 3 and 6 months of age. The main outcome is the proportion of eligible families screened who are willing and able to be randomised. Several secondary feasibility and clinical endpoints will also be evaluated, alongside mechanistic outcomes. Data will be analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. There will be no hypothesis testing for the clinical outcomes. Study acceptability will be evaluated through semistructured interviews.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been reviewed and given a favourable opinion by the North West–Liverpool East Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 17/NW/0661). The results of the study will be reported at international conferences and in peer-reviewed scientific journals. We will send participating families a summary of the pilot trial results.Trial registration numberNCT03270566.

scholarly journals Ketogenic Diets for Adults with Highly Refractory Epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 346-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya J. W. McDonald ◽  
Mackenzie C. Cervenka
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Ketogenic Diets ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

The current review highlights the evidence supporting the use of ketogenic diets in the management of drug-resistant epilepsy and status epilepticus in adults. Ketogenic diet variants are compared and advantages and potential side effects of diet therapy are discussed.

scholarly journals A Traditional Korean Diet Alters the Expression of Circulating MicroRNAs Linked to Diabetes Mellitus in a Pilot Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2558
Author(s):  
Phil-Kyung Shin ◽  
Myung Sunny Kim ◽  
Seon-Joo Park ◽  
Dae Young Kwon ◽  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Conditions

The traditional Korean diet (K-diet) is considered to be healthy and circulating microRNAs (miRs) have been proposed as useful markers or targets in diet therapy. We, therefore, investigated the metabolic influence of the K-diet by evaluating the expression of plasma and salivary miRs. Ten women aged 50 to 60 years were divided into either a K-diet or control diet (a Westernized Korean diet) group. Subjects were housed in a metabolic unit-like condition during the two-week dietary intervention. Blood and saliva samples were collected before and after the intervention, and changes in circulating miRs were screened by an miR array and validated by individual RT-qPCRs. In the K-diet group, eight plasma miRs were down-regulated by array (p < 0.05), out of which two miRs linked to diabetes mellitus, hsa-miR26a-5p and hsa-miR126-3p, were validated (p < 0.05). Among five down-regulated salivary miRs, hsa-miR-92-3p and hsa-miR-122a-5p were validated, which are associated with diabetes mellitus, acute coronary syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In the control diet group, validated were down-regulated plasma hsa-miR-25-3p and salivary hsa-miR-31-5p, which are associated with diabetes mellitus, adipogenesis and obesity. The K-diet may influence the metabolic conditions associated with diabetes mellitus, as evidenced by changes in circulating miRs, putative biomarkers for K-diet.

scholarly journals ACTR-44. FEASIBILITY, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF THE GLIOMA ATKINS-BASED DIET (GLAD) FOR PREVENTING TUMOR RECURRENCE IN GLIOMA PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi23-vi23
Author(s):  
Karisa Schreck ◽  
Fang-Chi Hsu ◽  
Adam Berrington ◽  
Bobbie J Henry-Barron ◽  
Lindsay Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Dietary Compliance ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Modified Atkins Diet ◽  
Atkins Diet

Abstract INTRODUCTION Exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities via ketosis is a promising approach for gliomas. The modified Atkins diet is a ketogenic diet therapy efficacious in adults with refractory epilepsy. We evaluated the feasibility, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics(PK/PD), and cerebral activity of this dietary intervention intended to induce ketosis. METHODS 25 patients with biopsy-confirmed WHO Grade 2–4 astrocytoma with stable disease after adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in an 8-week GLioma Atkins-based Diet (GLAD). GLAD consisted of 2 ‘intermittent fasting’ days(IF; calories < 20% of recommended daily allowance) interleaved between 5 modified-Atkins diet days(MAD; carbohydrates < 20 gm/day) each week. The primary outcome was dietary compliance. Secondary outcomes were PK assessed by urine ketones post-FAST and post-MAD, PD assessed by serum insulin and IGF-1, and cerebral activity measured by MR spectroscopy at baseline and week 8. RESULTS Grade 2(n=2;8%), Grade 3(n=11;44%) and GBMs(n=12;48%) were enrolled. While only 48% of participants satisfied pre-defined compliance criteria, overall compliance with MAD(80%) was higher than IF(72%). Weight loss was observed (-4.8 + 2.2kg,p< 0.0001) consisting primarily of decreased fat mass (-2.5 + 3.1%,p< 0.0001), with increased lean body mass (2.4 + 3.2%,p< 0.0001), stable nutritional status (phase angle, -0.26 + 0.94%,p=0.22), and normalization of BMI. Urine acetoacetate significantly increased with 55% achieving moderate ketosis at week 8 (p=0.0005). Serum insulin and IGF-1 significantly decreased indicating systemic dietary response and were associated with higher ketones post-IF, but not post-MAD. MRS demonstrated cerebral activity with increased ketones in lesional (0.06±0.03- >0.27±0.06i.u,p=0.005) and contralateral brain at week 8 (0.041±0.01- >0.16±0.04i.u.,p=0.004). Higher cerebral acetone correlated with higher urine ketones (r >0.75,p< 0.02) and lower fasting glucose (r >-0.74,p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The GLAD diet was challenging to maintain but demonstrated quantifiable biologic effects systemically and intratumorally. MAD was more feasible than IF, but changes in PD markers correlated most strongly with IF. The role of ketogenic diet therapy for preventing glioma growth remains uncertain.

scholarly journals Seizure First Aid Training For people with Epilepsy (SAFE) frequently attending emergency departments and their significant others: results of a UK multi-centre randomised controlled pilot trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e035516
Author(s):  
Adam J Noble ◽  
Dee Snape ◽  
Sarah Nevitt ◽  
Emily A Holmes ◽  
Myfanwy Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Intervention Cost ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility and optimal design of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Seizure First Aid Training For Epilepsy (SAFE).DesignPilot RCT with embedded microcosting.SettingThree English hospital emergency departments (EDs).ParticipantsPatients aged ≥16 with established epilepsy reporting ≥2 ED visits in the prior 12 months and their significant others (SOs).InterventionsPatients (and their SOs) were randomly allocated (1:1) to SAFE plus treatment-as-usual (TAU) or TAU alone. SAFE is a 4-hour group course.Main outcome measuresTwo criteria evaluated a definitive RCT’s feasibility: (1) ≥20% of eligible patients needed to be consented into the pilot trial; (2) routine data on use of ED over the 12 months postrandomisation needed securing for ≥75%. Other measures included eligibility, ease of obtaining routine data, availability of self-report ED data and comparability, SAFE’s effect and intervention cost.ResultsOf ED attendees with a suspected seizure, 424 (10.6%) patients were eligible; 53 (12.5%) patients and 38 SOs consented. Fifty-one patients (and 37 SOs) were randomised. Routine data on ED use at 12 months were secured for 94.1% patients. Self-report ED data were available for 66.7% patients. Patients reported more visits compared with routine data. Most (76.9%) patients randomised to SAFE received it and no related serious adverse events occurred. ED use at 12 months was lower in the SAFE+TAU arm compared with TAU alone, but not significantly (rate ratio=0.62, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.17). A definitive trial would need ~674 patient participants and ~39 recruitment sites. Obtaining routine data was challenging, taking ~8.5 months.ConclusionsIn satisfying only one predetermined ‘stop/go’ criterion, a definitive RCT is not feasible. The low consent rate in the pilot trial raises concerns about a definitive trial’s finding’s external validity and means it would be expensive to conduct. Research is required into how to optimise recruitment from the target population.Trial registration numberISRCTN13871327

288: The Men's Eating and Living (Meal) Study: A Multi-Center Pilot Trial of Dietary Intervention for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
J. Kellogg Parsons ◽  
Vicky Newman ◽  
James L. Mohler ◽  
John P. Pierce ◽  
Electra Paskett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Meal Study

Probiotics in gastroenterology – from a different angle

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 294-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Miklós Buzás
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

After a short overview of the history of probiotics, the author presents the development of human intestinal microflora based on the newest genetic data and the microbiological features of main probiotics. The indications of probiotic administration have been defined and extended in recent years. The author reviews significant results of probiotic treatment in some gastrointestinal diseases based on meta-analytical data. Probiotics are useful in preventing and treating diarrhoea caused by antibiotics and Clostridium difficile caused diarrhoea. In the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, preparations containing certain Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium strains or Saccaromyces boulardii could enhance by 5–10% the rate of successful eradication and reduce the incidence and severity of the side effects. Some symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and thus the quality of life can be improved by probiotics. Their beneficial effect in ulcerative colitis was proven, while in Crohn’s disease has not yet been defined. The use of probiotics is not included in guidelines, with the exception of the Maastricht IV/Florence consensus. For each disease it is advisable to use probiotics containing strains only with proven beneficial effect. The efficiency of preparations containing mixed strains has not yet been properly investigated. The author reviews the rare but potentially serious side effects of probiotics. In Hungary, there are many probiotic preparations available which can be purchased in pharmacies without prescription: their use is more empirical than evidence-based. The European Food Safety Authority has recently rejected claims for probiotics to be classed as medicines given the lack of convincing evidence on the effects of probiotics on human health and well-being. Clearly, further research is needed to collect evidence which could be incorporated into the international guidelines. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 294–304.

Profiles of Psychosocial and Clinical Functioning in Adolescence and Risk for Later Depression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M Olino ◽  
Daniel Klein ◽  
John Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Background: Most studies examining predictors of onset of depression focus on variable centered regression methods that focus on effects of multiple predictors. In contrast, person-centered approaches develop profiles of factors and these profiles can be examined as predictors of onset. Here, we developed profiles of adolescent psychosocial and clinical functioning among adolescents without a history of major depression. Methods: Data come from a subsample of participants from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project who completed self-report measures of functioning in adolescence and completed diagnostic and self-report measures at follow-up assessments up to approximately 15 years after baseline. Results: We identified four profiles of psychosocial and clinical functioning: Thriving; Average Functioning; Externalizing Vulnerability and Family Stress; and Internalizing Vulnerability at the baseline assessment of participants without a history of depression at the initial assessment in mid- adolescence. Classes differed in the likelihood of onset and course of depressive disorders, experience of later anxiety and substance use disorders, and psychosocial functioning in adulthood. Moreover, the predictive utility of these classes was maintained when controlling for multiple other established risk factors for depressive disorders. Conclusions: This work highlights the utility of examining multiple factors simultaneously to understand risk for depression.

EFFECTS OF “HOE HOA TAN II” REMEDY IN THE TREATMENT OF INTERNAL HAEMORROHIDS GRADE I, II AND III

2015 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Van Anh Nguyen ◽  
Van Nhan Le ◽  
Nguyen Nhu Phuong Phan
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Radix Angelicae Sinensis ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Citrus Deliciosa ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Angelicae Sinensis

Objectives: To investigate and evaluate the therapeutic effects of Hoe hoa tan II in the treatment of internal haemorroids grade I, II and III. Ingredients of the remedy include: Hoe Hoa (Styphonolonium japonicum), Chi xac (Fructus citri Aurantii), Hau phac (Magnolia offinalis), Tran bi (Citrus deliciosa Tenore), Thuong thuat (Atractylodes lancea), O mai (Armeniaca vulgaris Lamk), Cam thao (Clycyrrhiza uralensis), Duong quy (Radix Angelicae Sinensis). Subjects and methods: Randomised controlled study (RCT) has been conducted on 60 patients which were divided into two groups, i.e. the first 30 patient group were treated with Hoe hoa tan II remedy 20 g, and the second 30 patient group were treated with Daflon 500 mg in the course of 14 days. Results: Study showed that Hoe hoa tan II has helped improve symptoms of internal haemorroids grade I, II and III such as bleeding, anal exudation, pain, reducing the size of the haemorroid tissues. The remedy has been shown to have the most significant effect on relieving constipation which is typical in haemorroids. The study also revealed no unwanted effects caused by this formula. Conclusion: Hoe hoa tan II can be therapeutically used to treat internal haemorroids grade I, II and III without causing any serious side effects. Key words: Hoe hoa tan II, internal haemorroids grade I, II, III.

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