scholarly journals An Angiosperm Species Dataset Reveals Relationships between Seed Size and Two-Dimensional Shape

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Cervantes ◽  
José Javier Martín Gómez ◽  
Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo ◽  
Luís Silva Dias
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Genome Complexity ◽  
Geometric Type ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Angiosperm Species

Datasets containing information on seed size have been published and are currently available. Nevertheless, there is a lack in the literature of a dataset dedicated to seed shape. We present a preliminary version for a dataset on seed morphology based on a comparison of seed shape with geometric figures. Similarity of the outline of seed images with geometric models is considered as a basis to classify seeds according to the geometric figures they resemble (e.g., ellipse, oval, cardioid). This allows, first, the classification of plant species according to their geometric type of seed, and second, seed shape quantification. For each seed image, the percent of similarity of their outline with a geometric figure can be calculated as a J index. Similarity in absolute terms is considered only when the J index >90. This criterion is important to avoid ambiguity and increase discrimination. The dataset opens the possibility of studying the relationship between seed shape and other variables such as seed size, genome complexity, life form or adaptive responses.

The seed morphology and anatomy of the allium anisopodium on the seed genebank

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Binderya G ◽  
Tumenjargal D
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The paper presents the results of the study on seed morphology and anatomy of Allium anisopodium Ldb. The seed shape is elliptic, glossy-black in color. The seed surface is scaly and its hilum appears in white color. The seed size is 1.7-2.1 mm long, 1.2-1.4 wide, 0.5-2.1 mm in thick and one thousand seed weight is 1.9 g. The anatomical structure is endospermic one cotyledons seed type. The seed coat thin and cotyledon is emphasized apparently from longitudinal section. The embryo is curved, coiled and black colored embryonic roots are relatively thick. The endosperm is surrounded by seed coat moreover between the cotyledon and embryo.

scholarly journals Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Emilio Cervantes ◽  
José Javier Martín-Gómez ◽  
Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa-Roldán ◽  
Gregorio Muñoz-Organero ◽  
Ángel Tocino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Geometric Figure ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Models

Ampelography, the botanical discipline dedicated to the identification and classification of grapevine cultivars, was grounded on the description of morphological characters and more recently is based on the application of DNA polymorphisms. New methods of image analysis may help to optimize morphological approaches in ampelography. The objective of this study was the classification of representative cultivars of Vitis vinifera conserved in the Spanish collection of IMIDRA according to seed shape. Thirty eight cultivars representing the diversity of this collection were analyzed. A consensus seed silhouette was defined for each cultivar representing the geometric figure that better adjusted to their seed shape. All the cultivars tested were classified in ten morphological groups, each corresponding to a new model. The models are geometric figures defined by equations and similarity to each model is evaluated by quantification of percent of the area shared by the two figures, the seed and the model (J index). The comparison of seed images with geometric models is a rapid and convenient method to classify cultivars. A large proportion of the collection may be classified according to the new models described and the method permits to find new models according to seed shape in other cultivars.

scholarly journals Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Cervantes ◽  
José Javier Martín-Gómez ◽  
Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa Roldán ◽  
Gregorio Muñoz Organero ◽  
Ángel Tocino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Geometric Figure ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Models

Ampelography, the botanical discipline dedicated to the identification and classification of grapevine cultivars, was grounded on the description of morphological characters and more recently is based on the application of DNA polymorphisms. New methods of image analysis may help to optimize morphological approaches in ampelography. The objective of this study was the classification of representative cultivars of Vitis vinifera conserved in the Spanish collection of IMIDRA according to seed shape. Thirty eight cultivars representing the diversity of this collection were analyzed. A consensus seed silhouette was defined for each cultivar representing the geometric figure that better adjusted to their seed shape. All the cultivars tested were classified in ten morphological groups, each corresponding to a new model. The models are geometric figures defined by equations and similarity to each model is evaluated by quantification of percent of the area shared by the two figures, the seed and the model (J index). The comparison of seed images with geometric models is a rapid and convenient method to classify cultivars. A large proportion of the collection may be classified according to the new models described and the method permits to find new models according to seed shape in other cultivars.

scholarly journals Seed Geometry in the Arecaceae

Horticulturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo ◽  
José Javier Martín-Gómez ◽  
Ángel Tocino ◽  
Emilio Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Model System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Geometric Representations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Shape Quantification

Fruit and seed shape are important characteristics in taxonomy providing information on ecological, nutritional, and developmental aspects, but their application requires quantification. We propose a method for seed shape quantification based on the comparison of the bi-dimensional images of the seeds with geometric figures. J index is the percent of similarity of a seed image with a figure taken as a model. Models in shape quantification include geometrical figures (circle, ellipse, oval…) and their derivatives, as well as other figures obtained as geometric representations of algebraic equations. The analysis is based on three sources: Published work, images available on the Internet, and seeds collected or stored in our collections. Some of the models here described are applied for the first time in seed morphology, like the superellipses, a group of bidimensional figures that represent well seed shape in species of the Calamoideae and Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud. Oval models are proposed for Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart. and cardioid-based models for Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl. Diversity of seed shape in the Arecaceae makes this family a good model system to study the application of geometric models in morphology.

scholarly journals Characterization of wheat varieties (Triticum spp.) through seed morphology

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
J. B. Patel ◽  
J. D. Ukani ◽  
C. A. Babariya ◽  
P. S. Ramani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
National Level ◽  
Central India ◽  
State Level ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Hair Length ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Triticum Spp

An experiment was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, to characterize 28 wheat varieties of different species [17 varieties (MP 4010, HI 1500, HI 1531, HI 1544, GW 1, GW 503, DL 788-2, HD 2932, GW 11, GW 173, GW 190, GW 273, LOK 1, GW 322, MP 3288, GW 366 and GW 496) of Triticum aestivum, 9 varieties (HI 8381, HI 8498, HI 8627, HI 8713, A 28, A 206, GDW 1255, GW 1139 and RAJ 1555) of Triticum durum and 2 varieties (DDK 1025, DDK 1029) of Triticum dicoccum)] released for general cultivation in Gujarat at state level as well as at the National level in Central India based on the seed morphological characters. Based on the seed colour, the varieties were grouped into amber (25), white (1) and red (2). On the basis of seed shape, wheat varieties were separated in to round (2) ovate (7), oblong (12) and elliptical (7). On the basis of seed size, varieties were grouped into medium seed size (5), bold seed size (15) and very bold seed size (8). On the basis of seed hardness, varieties were grouped into soft (1), semi-hard (7) and hard (20). Based on the seed germ width, varieties were grouped into medium (15), wide (9) and narrow (4) seed germ width types. The varieties were grouped based on the seed crease into three groups, as medium (11),shallow (12) and deep (5) grain crease types. Based on the brush hair length, wheat varieties were grouped as short (17), medium (7) and long (4) brush hair length types.

scholarly journals Seed Shape Description and Quantification by Comparison with Geometric Models

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cervantes ◽  
Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Shape Description ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Horticultural Plants ◽  
The Relationship

Modern methods of image analysis are based on the coordinates of the points making the silhouette of an image and allow the comparison between seed shape in different species and varieties. Nevertheless, these methods miss an important reference point because they do not take into consideration the similarity of seeds with geometrical figures. We propose a method based on the comparison of the bi-dimensional images of seeds with geometric figures. First, we describe six geometric figures that may be used as models for shape description and quantification and later on, we give an overview with examples of some of the types of seed morphology in angiosperms including families of horticultural plants and addressing the question of how is the distribution of seed shape in these families. The relationship between seed shape and other characteristics of plant species is discussed.

Detection and Mapping of RAPD Markers Associated with QTL Affecting Seed Size and Shape in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547b-547
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
H. Ariyarathne
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Ri Lines

Seed size is an important trait in common bean. The objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for seed weight, seed length, and seed height in a molecular marker-based linkage map in a recombinant inbred (RI) population from the common bean cross of the larger seeded (100 seed/39 to 47 g) PC-50 (ovate seed shape) × smaller seeded (100 seed/26 to 35 g) XAN-159 (flat rhomboidal seed shape). The parents and RI lines were grown in two separate greenhouse and two field (Wisconsin, Dominican Republic) experiments using a RCBD. Continuous distributions for seed weight, seed length, and seed height were observed for RI lines indicating quantitative inheritance. One to three QTLs affecting seed weight explained 17% to 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two to three QTLs for seed length explained 23% to 45% of the phenotypic variation. One to four QTL associated with seed height explained 17% to 39% of the phenotypic variation. A RAPD marker M5.850 in linkage group 3 was consistently associated with seed weight, seed length, and seed height in all experiments and explained 7% to 13% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A seedcoat pattern morphological marker (C) in linkage group 1 was associated with seed weight and seed height in two greenhouse experiments.

Seed morphology and ultrastructure in Citrus garrawayi (Rutaceae) in relation to germinability

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim N. Hamilton ◽  
Sarah E. Ashmore ◽  
Rod A. Drew ◽  
Hugh W. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Outer Integument ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Embryonic Axis ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Immature Seeds

Combinational traits of seed size and seed-coat hardness in Citrus garrawayi (F.M.Bailey) (syn. of Microcitrus garrowayi) were investigated as markers for estimation of seed morphological and physiological maturity. Seed size (length) and coat hardness correlated well with changes in seed coat and embryo morphological development, dry-weight accumulation, decreases in moisture content and a significant increase in germinability. Seed moisture content decreased from 82 ± 1% in immature seeds to 40 ± 1% at seed maturation. The outer integument of immature seeds consisted of thin-walled epidermal fibres from which outgrowths of emerging protrusions were observed. In comparison, mature seed coats were characterised by the thickening of the cell walls of the epidermal fibres from which arose numerous protrusions covered by an extensive mucilage layer. Immature seeds, with incomplete embryo and seed-coat histodiffereniation, had a low mean germination percentage of 4 ± 4%. Premature seeds, with a differentiated embryonic axis, were capable of much higher levels of germination (51 ± 10%) before the attainment of mass maturity. Mature seeds, with the most well differentiated embryonic axis and maximum mean dry weight, had the significantly highest level of germination (88 ± 3%).

scholarly journals Seed Morphology in the Vitaceae Based on Geometric Models

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Javier Martín-Gómez ◽  
Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo ◽  
Mariano Ucchesu ◽  
Gianluigi Bacchetta ◽  
Félix Cabello Sáenz de Santamaría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Drop ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Geometric Models ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Circularity Index ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Length Width

Morphometric methods based on artificial vision algorithms provide measurements for magnitudes descriptive of seed images (i.e., the length, width, area, and surface circularity index). Nevertheless, their results frequently omit the resemblance of the images to geometric figures that may be used as models. A complementary method based on the comparison of seed images with geometric models is applied to seeds of Vitis spp. The J index gives the percentage of similarity between a seed image and the model. Seven new geometric models are described based on the heart-shaped and piriform curves. Seeds of different species, subspecies and cultivars of Vitis adjust to different models. Models 1 and 3, the heart curve and the water drop, adjust better to seeds of V. amurensis, V. labrusca and V. rupestris than to V. vinifera. Model 6, the Fibonacci’s pear, adjusts well to seeds of V. vinifera, in general, and better to V. vinifera ssp. vinifera than to V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris. Seed morphology in species of Cissus and Parthenocissus, two relatives of Vitis in the Vitaceae, is also analysed. Geometric models are a tool for the description and identification of species and lower taxonomic levels complementing the results of morphometric analysis.

scholarly journals Seed micromorphological study on endemic and subendemic species of Veronica L. (Plantaginaceae Juss.) in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Soghra Ramzi ◽  
Shahryar Saedi-Mehrvarz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Scanning Electron

Seed morphology of 12 Iranian endemic and subendemic species of Veronica was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Seven qualitative and quantitative characters were measured using SEM micrographs and stereomicroscopy. The seed shape of most species is ovate and plano-convex. The size of seeds ranges from 1.25 x 0.75 mm in V. khorassanica to 2.5 x 1.75 mm in V. viscosa Boiss. The ornamentation of seed coat is reticulate-verrucate in V. khorassanica, V. czerniakowskiana, V. mazanderanae and V. rubrifolia, reticulate-rugate in V. acrotheca, V. aucheri, V. viscosa and V. intercedens, rugose in V. microcarpa, V. chionantha and V. rechingeri, and reticulate-porate in V. gaubae. The testa cells are polygonal in ten species and irregular in two species. Micromorphological characters of seeds are useful in specific and subspecific delimitations of Iranian Veronica.

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