scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Structure of Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlecht. Germplasm in Sichuan Province

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Hongwen Li ◽  
Snježana Bolarić ◽  
Aleš Vokurka ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Wild Strawberry ◽  
Strawberry Breeding

Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlecht. (wild strawberry) is widely distributed in Southwest China, characterized by stress tolerance and the fruits of a notable peach aroma. So far there is only limited knowledge of variability and genetic structure in this species. Using AFLP markers, we investigated the genetic variability of 37 plants of F. nilgerrensis sampled in six main mountain areas of Sichuan Province and analyzed their genetic structure. Genetic similarity according to Nei and Li was used for cluster analysis based on UPGMA method and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering. Stratification of plants into more distinctive genetic groups was determined using Bayesian structure analysis. Six primer combinations produced a total of 1302 fragments of which 818 (62.8%) were polymorphic. Bayesian analysis showed the 37 plants of F. nilgerrensis grouped into five distinctive genetic groups. Most of the plants from the same mountain area clustered into the same genetic group, indicating each area as an area with the unique genetic profile. The genetic parameters analyzed here indicate a huge genetic variability of F. nilgerrensis in Sichuan Province. Our results provide reference data for surveying and protecting the germplasm resources of F. nilgerrensis that could be used in strawberry breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of Zephyranthes fosteri, specie with ornamental and medicinal potential in Mexico

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Martha Isabel Torres-Morán ◽  
Ana Paulina Velasco-Ramírez ◽  
Norma Almaraz-Abarca ◽  
Julio Yesua Anaya- Covarrubias ◽  
Alejandro Velasco-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Amova Analysis

Zephyranthes fosteri is a wild species distributed in Mexico, it is popular for its ornamental quality. Anthropogenic activities perturbed its natural habitats and threaten its survival. At present time, there is not enough information about the genetic relationships and structure among Z. fosteri distributed in Mexico. The objective of this investigation was to elucidate the genetic relationships and structure among accessions of Z. fosteri collected in western and southeastern Mexico. ISSR markers were used to establish the genetic variability and genetic structure among 60 accessions randomly collected in western Mexico and one population found in southeastern Mexico. Jaccard’s coefficient and AMOVA analysis determined the similarity and variability among and within accessions, and Bayesian model was used to assess the genetic structure. A mean heterozygosity of 0.49 was found indicated a moderate variability. The AMOVA analysis showed that 75 % of this variability was within accessions, and 25 % among accessions. A 56.75 % polymorphism was detected with ISSR markers, and genetic structure analysis identified four genetic groups.

EVALUATION OF MOUNTAIN AREA AS NON-POINT SOURCE OF NITROGEN FOR SETO INLAND SEA: THE NORTHERN SHIKOKU REGION, JAPAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohei Morisawa ◽  
Shohei Morisawa ◽  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Takao Kunimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Concentration ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Seto Inland Sea ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
The Seto Inland Sea ◽  
Unit Load Method ◽  
Important Position

The northern Shikoku region is located in the Western part of Japan and faces towards the Seto Inland Sea. The forest area, which is one of the non-point sources in the Seto Inland Sea watershed, occupies 75% of the land use in the watershed of the northern Shikoku region. The amount of loadings of nutrients and COD in the Seto Inland Sea has been estimated by the unit load method but actually the data has not been investigated. It is however, necessary to know the real concentration of nitrogen in mountain streams to evaluate the role which is the mountain area plays as non-point sources. Therefore, more water samples of mountain streams in the watershed need to be taken and the concentrations of nitrogen analyzed. The mountain streams in the northern Shikoku area were investigated from April, 2015 to November, 2015. The number of sampling sites was 283, in addition to the past data by Kunimatsu et al. The average concentration of nitrate nitrogen in Ehime, Kagawa, and Tokushima was 0.61mg/L, 0.78mg/L and 0.34mg/L, respectively. The environmental standard range for nitrogen in the Seto Inland Sea is from between less than 0.2mg/L and less than 1mg/L. Therefore, the average concentration of nitrogen in these regions was over category II, and those of mountain streams in Kagawa Prefecture exceeded category III. About 20% of mountain streams were more than 1mg/L. It has become clear that mountain areas occupy an important position as non-point sources for the Seto Inland Sea.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and genome-wide association analysis of flavor and texture in cooked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Bassett ◽  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Daniel Ambachew ◽  
Karen Cichy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Flavor Intensity ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
White Bean ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
End Use

Abstract Key message Cooked bean flavor and texture vary within and across 20 Andean seed types; SNPs are significantly associated with total flavor, beany, earthy, starchy, bitter, seed-coat perception, and cotyledon texture. Abstract Common dry beans are a nutritious food recognized as a staple globally, but their consumption is low in the USA. Improving bean flavor and texture through breeding has the potential to improve consumer acceptance and suitability for new end-use products. Little is known about genetic variability and inheritance of bean sensory characteristics. A total of 430 genotypes of the Andean Diversity Panel representing twenty seed types were grown in three locations, and cooked seeds were evaluated by a trained sensory panel for flavor and texture attribute intensities, including total flavor, beany, vegetative, earthy, starchy, sweet, bitter, seed-coat perception, and cotyledon texture. Extensive variation in sensory attributes was found across and within seed types. A set of genotypes was identified that exhibit extreme attribute intensities generally stable across all three environments. seed-coat perception and total flavor intensity had the highest broad-sense heritability (0.39 and 0.38, respectively), while earthy and vegetative intensities exhibited the lowest (0.14 and 0.15, respectively). Starchy and sweet flavors were positively correlated and highest in white bean genotypes according to principal component analysis. SNPs associated with total flavor intensity (six SNPs across three chromosomes), beany (five SNPs across four chromosomes), earthy (three SNPs across two chromosomes), starchy (one SNP), bitter (one SNP), seed-coat perception (three SNPs across two chromosomes), and cotyledon texture (two SNPs across two chromosomes) were detected. These findings lay a foundation for incorporating flavor and texture in breeding programs for the development of new varieties that entice growers, consumers, and product developers alike.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variability of the Acoustic Climate of Ski Resorts in the Aosta Valley Territory

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Tibone ◽  
Marco Masoero ◽  
Filippo Berlier ◽  
Giovanni Tabozzi ◽  
Daniele Crea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
North West ◽  
Ski Resorts ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
High Level

The Aosta Valley is an alpine region in north-west Italy that is characterized by a high level of naturalness, with extensive uninhabited areas that are distant from artificial sound sources. The Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA-VdA) has been particularly sensitive to the preservation of the soundscape, which is considered an integral part of the landscape, since the laws on noise pollution were first introduced. The nature of the ski areas in the Aosta mountains, which undergoes changes throughout the year, is surely of great importance, especially during the winter season, when the number of visitors is particularly high. In fact, during the winter, the sounds of nature are replaced by those produced by recreation and sports activities. Mountain and snow tourism, which are developed in sensitive environmental contexts in the Aosta Valley, are sectors of immense social and economic importance. Much of this tourism takes place in ski resorts. Three mountain areas with different characteristics, in terms of attendance and recreational/sport activities, have been examined in this paper, as part of a collaboration between ARPA-VdA and the Politecnico di Torino. Acoustic measurements were performed in order to identify the seasonal variations of sound emissions from both natural and anthropic sound sources. In addition to the standard environmental acoustic descriptors foreseen by European legislation (LAeq, Ln, Lden, etc.), the harmonica (IH) index, which provides a quantitative evaluation of the acoustic quality on a zero to ten numerical scale, was used to qualify the acoustic climate of the three areas. The results presented in the paper provide useful information on a relevant subject—the preservation of the acoustic quality of a mountain area of touristic importance—which has been scarcely investigated so far.

scholarly journals Deep genetic structure at a small spatial scale in the endangered land snail Xerocrassa montserratensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Català ◽  
Vicenç Bros ◽  
Xavier Castelltort ◽  
Xavier Santos ◽  
Marta Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Small Spatial Scale ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Single Locality

AbstractSpecies with small geographic ranges do not tend to have a high genetic structure, but some land snail species seem to be an exception. Xerocrassa montserratensis, an endangered land snail endemic to Catalonia (northeastern Iberian Peninsula), is an excellent model to study the processes affecting the phylogeography of specialized species of conservation concern. This species is restricted to xerophilous stony slopes and occurs within a small and fragmented area of ca. 500 km2. We sequenced the COI barcode region of 152 individuals from eight sites covering the entire range of the species. We found four genetic groups mostly coincident with their geographic distribution: a central ancestral group containing shared haplotypes among five localities and three groups restricted to a single locality each. Two of these derived groups were geographically and genetically isolated, while the third and most differentiated group was not geographically isolated. Geomorphologic and paleoclimatic processes during the Pleistocene can explain the divergence found between populations of this low dispersal species with historical fragmentation and secondary contacts. Nonetheless, recent passive large dispersal through streams was also detected in the central group. Overall, our study uncovered four evolutionary units, partially matching morphologically described subspecies, which should be considered in future conservation actions.

Genetic variability and demographic history of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations from Brazil inferred by mtDNA sequences

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.C. Albernaz ◽  
K.L. Silva-Brandão ◽  
P. Fresia ◽  
F.L. Cônsoli ◽  
C. Omoto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Demographic Expansion ◽  
Significant Genetic Structure ◽  
History Of

AbstractIntra- and inter-population genetic variability and the demographic history of Heliothis virescens (F.) populations were evaluated by using mtDNA markers (coxI, coxII and nad6) with samples from the major cotton- and soybean-producing regions in Brazil in the growing seasons 2007/08, 2008/09 and 2009/10. AMOVA indicated low and non-significant genetic structure, regardless of geographical scale, growing season or crop, with most of genetic variation occurring within populations. Clustering analyzes also indicated low genetic differentiation. The haplotype network obtained with combined datasets resulted in 35 haplotypes, with 28 exclusive occurrences, four of them sampled only from soybean fields. The minimum spanning network showed star-shaped structures typical of populations that underwent a recent demographic expansion. The recent expansion was supported by other demographic analyzes, such as the Bayesian skyline plot, the unimodal distribution of paired differences among mitochondrial sequences, and negative and significant values of neutrality tests for the Tajima's D and Fu's FS parameters. In addition, high values of haplotype diversity (Ĥ) and low values of nucleotide diversity (π), combined with a high number of low frequency haplotypes and values of θπ<θW, suggested a recent demographic expansion of H. virescens populations in Brazil. This demographic event could be responsible for the low genetic structure currently found; however, haplotypes present uniquely at the same geographic regions and from one specific host plant suggest an initial differentiation among H. virescens populations within Brazil.

Potential impacts of p2p accommodation on rural-mountain areas. A case study from the Catalan Pyrenees (Spain)

Erdkunde ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
M. Belén Gómez-Martín ◽  
Xosé A. Armesto-López ◽  
Martí Cors-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Harmful Effects

This paper seeks to contribute to existing literature by exploring the potential impacts of Peer-to-Peer (p2p) accommodation on a rural mountain area in the Pyrenees in Catalonia (Spain). The results indicate how widely p2p accommodation can penetrate areas of this kind. The findings suggest that this phenomenon has brought few benefits for local development and has created severe competition for conventional tourism accommodation, despite having a smaller economic impact in terms of job creation and tourist spending. In addition, the relative ease with which it avoids administrative and fiscal controls has negative repercussions for the tax revenues of local authorities. The growth in tourist rental properties is also having harmful effects on the study area in terms of its tourist load capacity, and the high pressure it puts on housing stock is causing shortages in residential housing and sharp price increases.

Genetic variability of Tunisian wild strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) populations interfered from isozyme markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Mhamdi Takrouni ◽  
Imen Ben El Haj Ali ◽  
Chokri Messaoued ◽  
Mohamed Boussaid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Strawberry Tree ◽  
Wild Strawberry

scholarly journals Screening of Wild Strawberry Genotypes against Iron Deficiency under Greenhouse Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayfer Alkan TORUN ◽  
Nazife ERDEM ◽  
Yildiz AKA KACAR ◽  
Sedat SERCE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Deficiency Symptom ◽  
Wild Strawberry ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Spad Meter

The cultivated strawberry Fragaria × ananassa Duch. is the natural hybrid of F. chiloensis (L.) Mill. and F. virginiana Mill. The progenitor species have high genetic diversity compared with the cultivated genotypes; therefore, the use of wild relative in F. chiloensis breeding could provide a good for broadening the available genetic variations of cultivated species. In present study, 13 genotypes selected from strawberry super core collection were tested under Fe (-) and Fe (+) conditions for their response against Fe deficiency conditions in a growth medium (GM) (soil + sand + perlite), potentially able to simulate the actual GM in nature. SPAD-meter readings indicating chlorophyll levels of the leaf, shoot dry matter yield, Fe-efficiency rate, shoot total and active Fe concentrations were determined to evaluate the resistance levels of strawberry genotypes against Fe deficiency. Results of this study indicated that different response for strawberry subspecies and genotypes of the same subspecies grown in GM against Fe deficiency. Symptom for Fe deficiency of genotypes varied between 1-5, SPAD-meter readings 3, shoot dry matter yields and shoot Fe concentrations varied between 6.5-38, 1.02-6.06 g plant-1 and 41.8-233.1 mg kg-1 respectively. Iron-efficiencies of genotypes were found between 58–98%. Strawberry subspecies, F. virginiana spp. glauca, F. chiloensis ssp. chiloensis and F. chiloensis ssp. pacifica showed Fe-efficiency values of 93.8, 79.5 and 79.1% respectively. We concluded that shoot growth performance, Fe intake from GM, transfer of Fe from roots to shoots, shoot Fe-use efficiency, Fe deficiency symptom levels and SPAD-meter readings indicating chlorophyll levels were significant parameters to evaluate the resistance of strawberry genotypes against Fe deficiency. The most Fe-efficient genotypes belonging to F. virginiana spp. glauca could be used in breeding programs aiming at developing new strawberry genotypes suitable for growing under Fe deficient conditions.

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