Depression, Suicidal Behaviour, and Mental Disorders in Older Aboriginal Australians

Objective: Worldwide, there has been substantial controversy with respect to whether military deployment is a risk factor for suicidal behaviour. The present study examined the relationship between lifetime exposure to deployment and deployment-related traumatic events (DRTEs) and past-year suicidal ideation (SI), suicidal plans (SP), and suicidal attempts (SA). Method: Data were analysed from the 2013 Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey (8161 respondents; response rate, 79.8%; aged 18-60 years). A total of 12 individual items assessed exposure to DRTEs (e.g., combat, witnessing human atrocities, feeling responsible for the death of Canadian or ally personnel, knowing someone who was injured or killed). We examined each individual DRTE type as well as the number of types of DRTEs in relation to suicidal behaviour. Results: Lifetime deployment was not significantly associated with suicidal behaviour. In models adjusted for sociodemographic variables, most of the individual DRTE items and the DRTE count variable were significantly associated with suicidal behaviours (adjusted odds ratio ranged between 1.10 and 5.32). When further adjusting for child abuse exposure, these associations were minimally attenuated, and some became nonsignificant. In models adjusting for mental disorders and child abuse, most DRTEs and number of types of DRTEs became nonsignificant in relation to SI, SP, and SA. Conclusions: Active military personnel exposed to increasing number of DRTEs are at increased risk for SI, SP, and SA. However, most of the association between DRTEs and suicidal behaviour is accounted for by child abuse exposure and mental disorders.

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Disability pension due to common mental disorders and subsequent suicidal behaviour: a Swedish study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.174 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (suppl_3) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

SG Rahman ◽

K Alexanderson ◽

J Jokinen ◽

E Mittendorfer-Rutz

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Suicidal Behaviour ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Swedish Study

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Somatic diseases and suicidal behaviour

Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention ◽

10.1093/med/9780198834441.003.0039 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 321-332

Author(s):

Elsebeth Stenager ◽

Egon Stenager ◽

Annette Erlangsen

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Suicidal Behaviour ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Medical Settings ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Pain Syndromes ◽

The Us ◽

Somatic Disorders ◽

Somatic Diseases ◽

Different Parts

The association between somatic disorders and suicidal behaviour has been examined in many studies. Despite large variation in quality and study design, recent studies have improved our knowledge substantially, not only regarding the extent of risk but also factors influencing the risk. Most studies have been conducted in European countries, the US, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. A series of studies have examined suicide risk in relation to somatic disorders of older persons, while others addressed somatic disorders and attempted suicide in children and youth. Physical conditions may play an important role in medical settings, regardless of whether mental disorders are present or not, though especially when mental disorders are present. This chapter presents a review of present knowledge on suicide and suicidal behaviour in selected somatic disorders and pain syndromes, with a focus on studies from different parts of the world.

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Lay health worker led intervention for depressive and anxiety disorders in India: impact on clinical and disability outcomes over 12 months

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.111.092155 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 199 (6) ◽

pp. 459-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 125

Author(s):

Vikram Patel ◽

Helen A. Weiss ◽

Neerja Chowdhary ◽

Smita Naik ◽

Sulochana Pednekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Suicidal Behaviour ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Stepped Care ◽

Psychological Morbidity ◽

Public Facilities ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Icd 10

BackgroundDepressive and anxiety disorders (common mental disorders) are the most common psychiatric condition encountered in primary healthcare.AimsTo test the effectiveness of an intervention led by lay health counsellors in primary care settings (the MANAS intervention) to improve the outcomes of people with common mental disorders.MethodTwenty-four primary care facilities (12 public, 12 private) in Goa (India) were randomised to provide either collaborative stepped care or enhanced usual care to adults who screened positive for common mental disorders. Participants were assessed at 2, 6 and 12 months for presence of ICD-10 common mental disorders, the severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety, suicidal behaviour and disability levels. All analyses were intention to treat and carried out separately for private and public facilities and adjusted for the design. The trial has been registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00446407).ResultsA total of 2796 participants were recruited. In public facilities, the intervention was consistently associated with strong beneficial effects over the 12 months on all outcomes. There was a 30% decrease in the prevalence of common mental disorders among those with baseline ICD-10 diagnoses (risk ratio (RR) = 0.70, 95% CI 0.53–0.92); and a similar effect among the subgroup of participants with depression (RR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.59–0.98). Suicide attempts/plans showed a 36% reduction over 12 months (RR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.42–0.98) among baseline ICD-10 cases. Strong effects were observed on days out of work and psychological morbidity, and modest effects on overall disability. In contrast, there was little evidence of impact of the intervention on any outcome among participants attending private facilities.ConclusionsTrained lay counsellors working within a collaborative-care model can reduce prevalence of common mental disorders, suicidal behaviour, psychological morbidity and disability days among those attending public primary care facilities.

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Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicidal Behaviour and Relationship with a Nurse-Led Suicide Prevention Programme

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17238765 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (23) ◽

pp. 8765

Author(s):

Judit Pons-Baños ◽

David Ballester-Ferrando ◽

Lola Riesco-Miranda ◽

Santiago Escoté-Llobet ◽

Jordi Jiménez-Nuño ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Suicide Prevention ◽

Suicidal Behaviour ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Prevention Programme ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Completed Suicide

Suicidal behaviour is a major public health problem that needs to be tackled by all health agents including mental health nurses. Aims: The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics and different kinds of suicidal behaviour with a nurse-led suicide prevention programme. Methods: The design was a cross-sectional study, performed in the region of Osona (Catalonia) in the five-year period 2013–2017. Suicidal behaviour was classified as suicidal ideation, interrupted self-directed violence, suicide attempt or completed suicide. Results: The sample included 753 patients (of whom 53 completed suicide) who experienced 931 suicidal behaviour episodes. Men represented only 38.4% of the sample but 81.1% of completed suicides. Mental disorders were associated with suicidal behaviour in 75.4% of the sample. Two thirds (66.4%) of the individuals (0.8% (n = 4) of whom completed suicide) were participants in a nurse-led suicidal behaviour case management programme. Conclusion: The main risk factors were being a woman for suicidal behaviour and being a man and being older for completed suicide. Mental disorders, widowhood and retirement were also associated with completed suicide. The completed suicide rate was lower among participants in the nurse-led programme.

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Predictors of suicidal behaviour in 36,304 individuals sickness absent due to stress-related mental disorders - a Swedish register linkage cohort study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-13-492 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kazi Ishtiak-Ahmed ◽

Aleksander Perski ◽

Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Suicidal Behaviour

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Psychological and social factors

Landmark Papers in Psychiatry ◽

10.1093/med/9780198836506.003.0006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

Shaun M. Eack

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Social Factors ◽

Suicidal Behaviour ◽

Compelling Evidence ◽

Social Environments ◽

The Social ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Psychiatric Conditions ◽

The Impact

This chapter on psychological and social factors reviews landmark papers addressing the social and psychological contributors to mental disorders and wellness across a range of psychiatric conditions. These papers provide a foundation for understanding the role of stress and critical social environments in psychoses, the cognitive factors that characterize depressive thinking, the impact of environmental trauma on the development of personality conditions and suicidal behaviour, and important social avenues for protecting against risk and facilitating human resilience. Collectively, this early and landmark literature provides compelling evidence for the social and psychological contributors to the development and maintenance of many psychiatric conditions, and illustrates that garnering a better understanding of such factors has led to numerous advances in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders.

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