scholarly journals Geographical Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as Determined by Region and Race/Ethnicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Wolf ◽  
Rachel Wattick ◽  
Olivia Kinkade ◽  
Melissa Olfert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is thought to be the most common endocrine disorder found in women. Common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycle, polycystic ovaries, and hirsutism, as well as an increased risk for a multitude of conditions, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and infertility. The prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome is generally thought to be between 3% and 10% but it is widely unknown for specific subpopulations based on geographical location and race/ethnicity. Based on the high degree of variability and inconsistencies between the different diagnostic criteria, there is a unique challenge that exists when determining the prevalence of this syndrome. There are a large percentage of individuals that remain undiagnosed even after visiting multiple health care providers. Most studies conducted across the world are limited by small sample size, selection bias, and lack of comparability across studies. There have been very few studies that have examined the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome across the United States. Based on the National Institutes of Health (NIH)’s diagnostic criteria, there is a similar prevalence of PCOS documented across the United States, the United Kingdom, Spain, Greece, Australia, and Mexico. Other studies have shown some differences between geographical location and race. The existing data is not conclusive enough to determine whether or not there is any significant differences in the prevalence of PCOS across geographical location, racial or ethnic groups. This review will seek to determine the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome based on geographical location and race/ethnicity.

Health Care-Related Economic Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the United States: Pregnancy-Related and Long-Term Health Consequences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Riestenberg ◽  
Anika Jagasia ◽  
Daniela Markovic ◽  
Richard P Buyalos ◽  
Ricardo Azziz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women, affecting approximately 5-20% of women of reproductive age. A previous estimate noted that the economic burden of PCOS approximates $3.7 billion annually in 2020 USD when considering only the costs of the initial diagnosis and of reproductive endocrine morbidities, not considering the costs of pregnancy-related and long-term morbidities. Objective To estimate the excess prevalence and economic burden of pregnancy-related and long-term health morbidities attributable to PCOS. Data Sources PubMed, EmBase and Cochrane Library. Study Selection Studies in which the diagnosis of PCOS was consistent with the Rotterdam, National Institutes of Health (NIH), or Androgen Excess & PCOS (AE-PCOS) Society criteria, or that used electronic medical record diagnosis codes, or diagnosis based on histopathologic sampling were eligible for inclusion. Studies that included an outcome of interest and a control group of non-PCOS patients who were matched or controlled for body mass index (BMI) were included. Data Extraction Two investigators working independently extracted data on study characteristics and outcomes. Data Synthesis Data was pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. The I 2statistic was used to assess inter-study heterogeneity. The quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results The additional total healthcare-related economic burden due to pregnancy-related and long-term morbidities associated with PCOS in the United States is estimated to be $4.3 billion annually in 2020 USD. Conclusions Together with our prior analysis, the economic burden of PCOS is estimated at $8 billion annually in 2020 USD.

scholarly journals Correlation of serum androgen and gonadotropin with anti-mullerian hormone in polycystic ovarian syndrome in Eastern Indian population

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Somnath Singh Raghuvanshi ◽  
Anirban Sinha ◽  
Animesh Maiti ◽  
Partha Pratim Chakraborty ◽  
Asish Kumar Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Ovarian steroidogenesis requires gonadotropin stimulation, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is a key factor in the hyperandrogenaemia of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Progesterone is the primary regulator of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) pulse frequency; however, in the polycystic ovary syndrome, the GnRH pulse generator is relatively resistant to the negative feedback effects of progesterone.  Study aims to evaluate the association of Anti-mullerian hormone with serum androgen and gonadotropin level in adolescents and young women of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).Methods: This was a single centre observational Cross-sectional study carried out in the department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata from March 2017 to January 2019. Total number of study subjects were 207 out of which 138 were cases.Results: The AMH had strong positive correlation with serum testosterone in both case and control groups (r 0.542, p<0.001 and r 0.57, p<0.001) respectively .After the adjustment of age and BMI , the AMH moderately positive  but extremely significant correlation with serum testosterone as compare to control.Conclusions: Hyperandrogenaemia and higher ratio of LH and FSH associated with higher serum AMH level is associated with the higher serum AMH in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

scholarly journals MULTIPLE APPROACHES IN AYURVEDA FOR PATHO-PHYSIOLOGY IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3055-3058
Author(s):  
R Andhare
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

The most prevalent endocrine condition in women is polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos).the clinical presentation of pcos ranges between mild menstrual dysfunction and extreme reproductive and metabolic function disruption. According to modern science, the physiology related to ovulation is controlled by hormones of hypothalamo – pituitary – ovarian axis. This axis is disturbed in pcos. According to ayurveda, patho-physiology involves vitiated doshas i.e. Vata, pitta, kapha and agni – especially dhatwagni. The pathophysiology of pcos is analysed to clarify the precise cause of the disorder in order to prepare therapy for a full cure. Multiple approaches in ayurveda for patho-physiology in polycystic ovarian syndrome. It is evident in conclusion that pcos is an enigma. There is no complete understanding of its fundamental pathophysiology as per modern science. No therapy is a panacea, as therapies have so far been targeted at the symptoms but not at the syndrome itself.

scholarly journals Quality of Life Specified for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Relationship With Nutritional Attitude and Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Yavarikia ◽  
Sara Dousti ◽  
Alireza Ostadrahimi ◽  
Majid Mobasseri ◽  
Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Objectives: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that can lead to hirsutism, menstrual disorders, obesity, acne, and sometimes abortion and infertility. Considering the effect of PCOS-induced obesity on quality of life, the present study was aimed to evaluate the quality of life specified for polycystic ovary syndrome and its relationship with nutritional attitude and behavior. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 150 PCOS cases through convenience sampling in educational hospitals of Tabriz, Iran, in 2015. The used tools included socio-demographic questionnaire, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Questionnaire (PCOSQ), Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18: uncontrolled eating (UE), cognitive restraint (CR), and emotional eating (EE)), and a questionnaire of eating attitudes (Eat-26: including food preoccupation, dieting, and oral control). The relationship between the quality of life and nutritional attitudes and behaviors was evaluated by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. In this study, P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: A mean quality of life score of 16.58±4.18 was obtained out of 0-35. Nutritional behavior averaged 42.28±19.63 out of a min-max range of 18 to 72. Mean nutritional attitude score was 24.64±12.55 out of 0-78. A significantly inverse relationship was observed between the quality of life and nutritional attitude (P<0.001, r=-0.317), as well as nutritional behavior (P=0.015, r=-0.198) in participants. In other words, the quality of life scores increased when nutritional attitude and behavior (positive attitude and behavior) decreased. Multivariate regression analysis showed that EE, dieting, and history of pregnancy were predictive variables affected the quality of life. Conclusions: There was a relationship between nutritional attitude and behavior and quality of life specified for polycystic ovary syndrome. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to nutritional and other predictors through better health planning for these women.

Comparison of Clomiphene Citrate Plus N-Acetyl Cysteine and Clomiphene Citrate Alone for Induction of Ovulation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1255
Author(s):  
S. Waseem ◽  
S. Gohar ◽  
M. Afzal ◽  
Z. Wali
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Group A ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Aim: To compare the frequency of ovulation with clomiphene citrate plus N-acetyl cysteine versus clomiphene citrate alone in married females presenting with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Study design: Randomized clinical trial Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit-3 Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from 1st September 2018 to 28th February 2019. Methodology: A total of 60 patients (30 in each group) were enrolled. In group A, females were prescribed clomiphene citrate 50-mg tablets twice daily with N-acetyl cysteine 1200 mg/day orally for 5 days starting on day 3 of the menstrual cycle and in group B, females were prescribed clomiphene citrate 50-mg tablets twice daily. Results: Patients ranged between 18-35 years of age. Mean age of the patients was 28.5±3.3 and 28.1±3.1 years in group A and B, respectively. Mean duration of marriage in group A was 3.4±0.9 and in group B 3.5±0.9 year. Mean BMI in group-A was 3.4±0.9 while in group-B 3.5±0.9 (kg/m2). Ovulation was observed at 1st month in group A was 12 (40%) and in group B 9 (30%). Ovulation was observed at 2nd month in group A was 16 (53.3%) and in group B 13 (43.3%). In 3rd months ovulation was seen in 19 patients (63.3%) of group A and 18 patients (60%) of group B. Stratification for age and BMI was also carried out. Conclusion: This study could not find any clinical superiority for clomiphene citrate plus N-acetyl cysteine versus clomiphene citrate alone in term of ovulation rate. Keywords: N-acetyl cysteine, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Ovulation induction

Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Marginalized Population in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninive Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract The National Institutes of Health has identified polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as a major public health problem for women in the United States and recommends establishing multidisciplinary programs to improve the awareness of the public and health care providers regarding management for women with PCOS. This article argues that individuals with PCOS are marginalized due to the syndrome’s misleading name; its underrepresentation in research; lack of culturally and gender-sensitive standards of care; debates about the contraceptive mandate; and stigmatization due to symptoms that do not conform to dominant social constructs of beauty, femininity, and womanhood. The article directs readers to key publications on the assessment and treatment of patients with PCOS, discusses a case study that illustrates the role of a social worker in treating an adolescent with PCOS as part of a multidisciplinary team, and emphasizes the importance of integrating behavioral health in the treatment of patients with PCOS.

scholarly journals ROLE FAILURE CORRECTION OF 25(OH)D IN PATIENTS WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
M. V. Matveyeva ◽  
Yu. G. Samoylova ◽  
O. A. Oleynik ◽  
M. V. Koshmeleva ◽  
M. A. Rotkank
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Objective. To estimate the correction failure 25 (OH) D in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Material and Methods. The study involved 44 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, aged 31.32 ± 5.05, who were randomly assigned to 2 groups: 1st – obtained coca biguanides and Kolekaltsiferol, second – combined oral contraceptive (combined hormonal ) and biguanides. The comparison group consisted of 22 healthy women matched for age and sex. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) was verified on theОригинальные статьиБюллетень сибирской медицины, 2015, том 14, № 5, с. 47–53 53basis of diagnostic criteria ESHRE / ASRM (2012). 25 (OH) vitamin D was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ng/ml). Examined glucose and fasting insulin, HOMA index of insulin re-sistance. Depression was assessed using the Beck test. Statistical analysis – R-system.Results. The patients with PCOS defined by the expression deficit of 25 (OH) D, which is associated with hyperandrogenism, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, as well as depression. Ad-mission kolekaltsiferola leads to improved glucose metabolism and manifestations of PCOS, and also significantly reduces the parameters of OT, OT / OB, depression.Conclusion. Failure correction of 25 (OH) D contributes to the improvement of metabolic and psycho-logical parameters of fertility.

scholarly journals The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Hamid Alavi Majd ◽  
Fazlollah Ahmadi ◽  
Giti Ozgoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The World ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Different Parts

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder with many complications. This syndrome is a growing concern among adolescents around the world, with varying reports of its prevalence in different parts of the world. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: In this study, a search for published articles with an English language limitation and without a time limit was done in different databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, Emabse and Cochrane) in January 2019. The 12 studies that met the criteria for entering a qualitative assessment scale of 5 and higher were subjected to systematic review and meta-analysis. Egger and Begg’s tests were used to check the publication bias. Data were analyzed with STATA software, version 11.1. Results: Twelve studies were included for meta-analysis. The total number of participants in the study was 149,477. The average quality score of all studies was 8.67 (range: 5–10). The prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescents based on the Rotterdam criteria was 11.04% (95% CI: 6.84–16.09%), based on the National Institute of Health criteria, it was 3.39% (95% CI: 0.28–9.54%), and based on Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society, it was 8.03% (95% CI: 6.24–10.01%). Conclusion: The result of this study showed that there is a variation in the prevalence of PCOS in adolescents based on different criteria; we suggest more community-based studies among adolescences in different parts of the world.

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