Perceptions of Chinese Towards Dementia in Hong Kong—Diagnosis, Symptoms and Impacts

The increasing prevalence of dementia has become a public health issue worldwide including China. This study aims to explore the perception of Chinese in Hong Kong towards the diagnosis, symptoms and impacts of dementia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among outpatients (without diagnosed dementia) attending a regional public hospital using a standard questionnaire. The results from 290 respondents showed that most preferred to be told about the diagnosis of dementia as soon as possible if they got it, in order to deal with the news and to access treatment and support early. Nearly two thirds of the respondents perceived practical issues (61.3%), physical health (61.0%), and emotional distress (58.4%) as their most fearful impacts, while legal issues (7.4%) were their least concerns. Family history/genes (79.1%) and brain injury (75.9%) were the most commonly perceived causes of dementia. For symptoms, respondents were more likely to identify cognitive impairments than undesirable behaviours. The accepting and proactive attitudes of the public indicate that there is a timely need of more public education about the disease, early screening and better continuity of care to fulfil the anticipated increase of the dementia patient population.

Download Full-text

Associations of Delay in Doctor Consultation With COVID-19 Related Fear, Attention to Information, and Fact-Checking

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.797814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Agnes Yuen-Kwan Lai ◽

Shirley Man-Man Sit ◽

Socrates Yong-Da Wu ◽

Man-Ping Wang ◽

Bonny Yee-Man Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Population Based ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Related Information ◽

Fact Checking

Background: Delaying doctor consultation is harmful. Fear of COVID-19 leads to delays in seeking medical care at a time when pandemic information overflows. However, little is known about the role of COVID-19 related fear, attention to information, and fact-checking in such delay.Objective: Under the Hong Kong Jockey Club SMART Family-Link Project, we examined the associations of delay in doctor consultation amidst the pandemic with sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 related fear, attention to information, and fact-checking.Methods: We conducted a population-based online cross-sectional survey in May 2020 on Hong Kong Chinese adults. Respondents reported whether the pandemic caused any delay in doctor consultation (yes/no), level of COVID-19 related fear, attention to information and fact-checking (all on a scale of 0 to 10 and recoded into tertiles of low, moderate, high). Regression analyses were used to examine the associations of delay and fear with sociodemographic characteristics, attention and fact-checking, adjusting for covariates. Data were weighted by sex, age and education level of the population.Results: Of 4,551 respondents (46.5% male, 59.7% aged over 45 years), 10.1% reported delay in doctor consultation. The mean score was 6.4 for fear, 8.0 for attention and 7.4 for fact-checking. Delay was more common in males and increased with age and fear. High vs. low level of fear was associated with delay [adjusted odd ratios (AOR) 2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.08, 3.47]. Moderate level of fact-checking was negatively associated with delay (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 0.98, 1.67). Females reported greater fear and fear decreased with age. Fear increased with attention to information and decreased with fact-checking. Fear substantially mediated the association of delay with attention (96%) and fact-checking (30%).Conclusions: We have first shown that delay in doctor consultation increased with fear of COVID-19 and decreased with fact-checking amidst the pandemic. Fear also increased with attention to COVID-19 related information and decreased with fact-checking. Understanding these associations can help policymakers develop targeted communication and support to the public to reduce delayed doctor consultations and the associated COVID-19-related or unrelated morbidity and mortality in the community.

Download Full-text

A public survey of traditional, complementary and integrative medicine use during the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253890 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0253890

Author(s):

Chun Sing Lam ◽

Ho Kee Koon ◽

Vincent Chi-Ho Chung ◽

Yin Ting Cheung

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Integrative Medicine ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Public Survey ◽

Complementary And Integrative Medicine ◽

Management Approaches

Background During COVID-19, the public actively sought non-pharmacological and self-management approaches to prevent infection. Little is known on the use of traditional, complementary and integrative medicine (TCIM) by the public as preventive measures. This study investigated the prevalence and patterns of TCIM use during the pandemic, and identified factors associated with its use among the general population in Hong Kong. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from November to December 2020. The survey solicited information on the respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, risk perception of the pandemic, and use of TCIM before and during the pandemic. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine predictors of TCIM use. Results In total, 632 responses (completion rate = 88.1%) were analyzed. TCIM was used by 44.0% of respondents during the pandemic. The most popular forms of TCIM were vitamins or other dietary supplements (n = 160, 25.3%) and Chinese herbal medicine (n = 122, 19.3%) during the pandemic. The most frequently reported indication was strengthening the immune system, especially for vitamins or other dietary supplements (n = 142/160, 88.8%). Respondents who reported using TCIM were more likely to be female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–2.59), had higher education attainment (aOR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.39–3.59), and older-aged (age >55 years: aOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.04–3.02). Respondents who resided in districts with moderate to high number of confirmed COVID-19 cases (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.07–2.42) and had a higher level of risk perception (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.07) were also more likely to use TCIM. Conclusion TCIM was used commonly in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. While vaccination and social distancing remain the mainstay of controlling the pandemic, professional bodies should proactively consider public preferences and provide information regarding the effectiveness and safety of TCIM for COVID-19 prevention and treatment.

Download Full-text

Dyadic Association between Sexual Dysfunction and Sexual Satisfaction: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Heterosexual Couples in Hong Kong

Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy ◽

10.1080/0092623x.2021.1877859 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Qingong Wei ◽

Huiping Zhang ◽

Susan Fan ◽

Paul Yip

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Sexual Satisfaction ◽

Heterosexual Couples ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Adherence Improvement of Five Moments Hand Hygiene with Increasing Motivation of Nurses

Media Keperawatan Indonesia ◽

10.26714/mki.1.1.2018.12-19 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Menik Kustriyani ◽

Ivana Probo Kaeksi ◽

Tamrin Tamrin

Keyword(s):

Hand Hygiene ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Public Hospital ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Joint Commission International ◽

R Value ◽

Spearman Test

Joint Commission International ( JCI ) required the achievement of 100% five moment hand hygiene for the nurses who have provided care to patients. The adherence of five moments hand hygiene has been done to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. The adherence of five moments hand hygiene has been determined by inside and outside factors, and one of the inside factors is the motivation. The research is a qualitative research with cross sectional approach. The number of sample is 153 nurses with the proportionate random sampling technique at the Public Hospital of Loekmono Hadi Kudus. The research instruments used the questionaire and observation sheet. The research showed the result of Rank Spearman test p value = 0,000 with r value = 0.296, positive correlation means that the higher the nurse motivation, the higher the nurse aderence of five moment hand hygiene.

Download Full-text

Acceptance Rates and Beliefs toward COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.21-0297 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Farah Yasmin ◽

Waleed Asghar ◽

Maryam Salma Babar ◽

Hiba Khan ◽

Shoaib Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Polio Vaccination ◽

Acceptance Rates ◽

To Receive ◽

Do So

Developing countries like Pakistan have previously suffered from barriers to acceptance of vaccination by the public because of financial and belief barriers. This study aims to explore these beliefs and highlight concerns regarding vaccine hesitancy in the general population of Pakistan since they are a hindrance to an effective coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) immunization in the country. A cross-sectional study was performed involving 1,778 participants from all four provinces of Pakistan. Results from the study showed more than half of the participants to be unsure of the safety (50%) and efficacy (51%) of the vaccine, whereas 42% were concerned about the side effects of the vaccine. About 72% of the respondents planned to get vaccinated, whereas 28% refused to do so. Internationally made imported vaccines were more trusted by the participants. Forty-four percent of the participants agreed to receive the vaccine upon recommendation from a physician. Lastly, participants who believed in the efficacy of the polio vaccination also considered the COVID-19 vaccine to be safe and effective.

Download Full-text

Effect of Audit Expectation Gap in Nigerian Capital Market

International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting ◽

10.5296/ijafr.v4i2.6485 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 294 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul N. Onulaka

Keyword(s):

Capital Market ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Expectation Gap ◽

The Relationship

Audit expectation gap is a phenomenon that presently attracts the attention of researchers all over the world. The basic problem is in the area of how the public perceives the role of the auditor, which in most cases centers on the prevention of fraud and irregularities. On the other hand the auditor and the auditing profession always exonerate themselves from the fact and perception of the public towards their work. However, the continued litigation against the auditor and the auditing profession has called on a rethink on the relationship of the auditor and the audit work he performs This paper is structured to briefly establish what auditing and its expectations gap is and the relationship audited financial statement has on capital market and to investigate if the identified gaps have any significant effect in the volume of transactions in the Nigerian capital market.It sought to establish the perception of the capital market operators on its existence. Respondents view was also sought on how the gap could be narrowed. Chi-square (χ2) was used to analyze the data obtained from the study. The data were obtained through questionnaire. Two hundred and ninety (290) copies of the instrument were found useful out of 350 copies distributed using purposive sampling technique. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Lagos and Abuja stock Exchange to capture the perceptions of key users of financial statements in Nigerian capital market. The tests of hypothesis were done using Microsoft Excel 2010 version. Tests were carried out at a significant level of 5% and twelve degree of freedom. The findings of the study indicated that there is a wide expectation gap in the areas of auditors’ responsibility for fraud prevention and detection. Audit expectation gap has negative impact on the volume of transactions in Nigerian stock exchange.

Download Full-text

The Acceptability of HPV Vaccines and Perceptions of Vaccination against HPV among Physicians and Nurses in Hong Kong

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16101700 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 1700 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Teris Cheung ◽

Joseph T.F. Lau ◽

Johnson Z. Wang ◽

Phoenix Mo ◽

C.K. Siu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Health Belief ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Background Variable ◽

Hpv Vaccines ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Belief Model

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections nationwide. Methods: This is the first cross-sectional survey assessing physicians’ and nurses’ knowledge of HPV and recording their attitudes to HPV vaccination in Hong Kong. Survey questions were derived from the Health Belief Model. Results: 1152 clinicians (170 physicians and 982 nurses) aged 21 and 60 participated in this study. A multiple stepwise regression model was used to examine associations between cognitive factors (clinicians’ attitudes) and subjects’ intention to HPV vaccine uptake. Results showed that only 30.2% of physicians and 21.2% nurses found vaccinating for HPV acceptable. Conclusions: Perceived self-efficacy was the only significant background and cognitive variable associated with physicians’ and nurses’ accepting HPV vaccines. Further, when nurses found HPV vaccination acceptable, cues to action was featured as a significant background variable in their choice.

Download Full-text

A re-evaluation of teenage sunbed use following the introduction of banning legislation for under 18-year-olds

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdz015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 588-593

Author(s):

S Menzies ◽

S Daly ◽

R O’Connor ◽

A Kelly ◽

M Fitzgerald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Education ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multifaceted Approach ◽

The Public ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Before And After ◽

Education And Awareness ◽

The Media ◽

Sunbed Use

Abstract Background There is little information on the effectiveness of introducing age restriction legislation alone to reduce the rate of sunbed usage by teenagers. Prior to the Public Health (Sunbed) Act of 2014 prohibiting the use of sunbeds in under 18-year-olds in Ireland we reported the rate of sunbed use at 7.5%. Objectives The aim of the study was to compare the rate of sunbed usage among Irish teenagers before and after the introduction of banning legislation to determine if it had the desired effect of reducing its rate of use. Methods In a cross-sectional survey, students from the same schools as in our previous study completed an anonymous, written questionnaire pertaining to sunbed usage. Results In total, 783 questionnaires, from 13 schools across Ireland, were completed. The rate of sunbed use in the current study was 7.2%, compared to 7.5% in the pre-ban study, (P = 0.76). A higher rate of sunbed use was observed in Dublin schools and female public students. Conclusion Our study suggests that legislation alone is ineffective at reducing sunbed usage in a teenage population. A multifaceted approach is required that includes enforcement of the legislation together with targeted public education and awareness campaigns using all aspects of the media.

Download Full-text

Who cares for nutrition information at a restaurant? Food-related lifestyles and their association to nutrition information conscious behaviors

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-09-2015-0303 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 118 (7) ◽

pp. 1625-1640 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jinkyung Choi

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Body Satisfaction ◽

Survey Design ◽

Nutrition Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

The Public ◽

New Information

Purpose – People have become more health conscious about the food they eat on any occasion. As healthy dietary information has been released to the public in order to correspond with active public adaptation, more consumers have become aware of and are showing interest in new information related to health. The purpose of this paper is to utilize food-related lifestyle (FRL) instruments to explain nutrition information-conscious behaviors. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a cross-sectional survey design. A questionnaire was developed based on previous studies. A factor analysis and a cluster analysis were conducted to segment nutrition information-conscious behaviors of consumers. Participants were 200 and the survey was administered to citizens in South Korea. Exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, Duncan’s multiple comparison tests, and χ2 test were used. Findings – Nine factors were identified and four clusters were established. These clusters were named: “personal value concern group,” “enthusiastic group,” “moderation group,” and “unconcerned group.” Each segment was significantly different in body satisfaction and nutrition information-conscious behaviors. Nutrients such as dietary fibers, sodium, and trans fat were considered differently by the four segments. Originality/value – Using an FRL instrument in relation to nutrition information-conscious behavior, interesting conclusions were drawn. Results of this study suggested that each segment has its characteristics in relation to nutrition information-conscious behaviors. Also it can be concluded that it is time for individuals to take responsibility for their own health problems.

Download Full-text