scholarly journals Predictors of Number of Healthcare Professionals Consulted by Individuals with Mental Disorders or High Psychological Distress

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3010
Author(s):  
Béatrice Simo ◽  
Jean Caron ◽  
Jean-Marie Bamvita ◽  
Guy Grenier ◽  
Marie-Josée Fleury
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
High Psychological Distress

This study assesses the contribution of predisposing, enabling, and needs factors and related variables that predicted the number of healthcare professionals consulted for mental health reasons among 746 individuals with mental disorders and high psychological distress. The data were drawn from the third (T3) and fourth data collection periods (T4) of a longitudinal study conducted in a Quebec/Canada epidemiological catchment area. Hierarchical linear regression was performed on the number of types of healthcare professionals consulted in the 12 months prior to T4. Predictors were identified at T3, classified as predisposing, enabling, and needs factors (i.e., clinical and related variables) according to the Andersen Behavioral Model. Three needs factors were associated with the number of types of healthcare professionals consulted: Post-traumatic stress disorder, stressful events, and marginally suicide ideation. Three enabling factors: Having a family physician, previous use of mental health services, and employment status were also related to the dependent variable. Poor self-perception of mental health status was the only predisposing factor retained. While needs factors were the main predictors of the number of types of healthcare professionals consulted, enabling factors may reduce the influence of needs factors, by the deployment of various strategies that facilitate continuous and appropriate care.

A descriptive study of the prevalence of psychological distress and mental disorders in the Canadian population: comparison between low-income and non-low-income populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Caron ◽  
A. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
High Psychological Distress

Objective This descriptive study compares rates of high psychological distress and mental disorders between low-income and non-low-income populations in Canada. Methods Data were collected through the Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health and Well-being (CCHS 1.2), which surveyed 36 984 Canadians aged 15 or over; 17.9% (n = 6620) was classified within the low-income population using the Low Income Measure. The K-10 was used to measure psychological distress and the CIDI for assessing mental disorders. Results One out of 5 Canadians reported high psychological distress, and 1 out of 10 reported at least one of the five mental disorders surveyed or substance abuse. Women, single, separated or divorced respondents, non-immigrants and Aboriginal Canadians were more likely to report suffering from psychological distress or from mental disorders and substance abuse. Rates of reported psychological distress and of mental disorders and substance abuse were much higher in low-income populations, and these differences were statistically consistent in most of the sociodemographic strata. Conclusion This study helps determine the vulnerable groups in mental health for which prevention and promotion programs could be designed.

Economic evaluation and costs of telepsychiatry programmes: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2093891 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Naslund ◽  
Lauren M Mitchell ◽  
Udita Joshi ◽  
Dipal Nagda ◽  
Chunling Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress

Objective Telepsychiatry involves use of telecommunications technology to deliver psychiatric care and offers promise to reduce costs and increase access to mental health services. This systematic review examined cost reporting of telepsychiatry programmes for mental healthcare. Methods We systematically searched electronic databases for studies reporting costs, including economic evaluations such as cost-effectiveness analyses, or costs of developing telepsychiatry programmes for clinical care of mental disorders. Included studies enrolled participants with mental disorders and involved telepsychiatry for depression, anxiety disorders, serious mental illnesses including schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, dementia or epilepsy. Results Twenty-six unique studies met inclusion criteria (17,967 participants), with most targeting depression ( n = 7; 27%), general mental disorders and screening ( n = 7; 27%), child mental health ( n = 4; 15%) and geriatric mental health ( n = 4; 15%). Nearly all studies ( n = 25; 96%) compared telepsychiatry programme costs with either standard in-person consultation or usual care, with 15 (60%) reporting that telepsychiatry programmes were less expensive, and 8 (32%) showing telepsychiatry programmes were more expensive. Three studies reported cost-effectiveness analyses, favouring telepsychiatry programmes, but at highly elevated cost-effectiveness thresholds. Few studies reported costs of developing or delivering telepsychiatry programmes. Conclusion Costs of telepsychiatry programmes varied widely, with substantial heterogeneity in how costs were defined and reported. Some programmes cost less than in-person services while others cost more. Therefore, rigorous cost-effectiveness studies following established standards in economic evaluation are needed to inform implementation and sustainability of these programmes in health systems.

scholarly journals Development of the RMT20, a composite screener to identify common mental disorders

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Batterham ◽  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Natacha Carragher ◽  
Alison L. Calear
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
General Psychological Distress

Background There are few very brief measures that accurately identify multiple common mental disorders. Aims The aim of this study was to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a new composite measure to screen for five common mental disorders. Method Two cross-sectional psychometric surveys were used to develop (n = 3175) and validate (n = 3620) the new measure, the Rapid Measurement Toolkit-20 (RMT20) against diagnostic criteria. The RMT20 was tested against a DSM-5 clinical checklist for major depression, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder, with comparison with two measures of general psychological distress: the Kessler-10 and Distress Questionnaire-5. Results The area under the curve for the RMT20 was significantly greater than for the distress measures, ranging from 0.86 to 0.92 across the five disorders. Sensitivity and specificity at prescribed cut-points were excellent, with sensitivity ranging from 0.85 to 0.93 and specificity ranging from 0.73 to 0.83 across the five disorders. Conclusions The RMT20 outperformed two established scales assessing general psychological distress, is free to use and has low respondent burden. The measure is well-suited to clinical screening, internet-based screening and large-scale epidemiological surveys.

Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of mental disorders in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oye Gureje ◽  
Victor O. Lasebikan ◽  
Lola Kola ◽  
Victor A. Makanjuola
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress

BackgroundLarge-scale community studies of the prevalence of mental disorders using standardised assessment tools are rare in sub-Saharan Africa.AimsTo conduct such a study.MethodMultistage stratified clustered sampling of households in the Yoruba-speaking parts of Nigeria. Face-to-face interviews used the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI).ResultsOf the 4984 people interviewed (response rate 79.9%), 12.1% had a lifetime rate of at least one DSM–IV disorder and 5.8% had 12-month disorders. Anxiety disorders were the most common (5.7% lifetime, 4.1% 12-month rates) but virtually no generalised anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder were identified. Of the 23% who had seriously disabling disorders, only about 8% had received treatment in the preceding 12 months. Treatment was mostly provided by general medical practitioners; only a few were treated by alternative practitioners such as traditional healers.ConclusionsThe observed low rates seem to reflect demographic and ascertainment factors. There was a large burden of unmet need for care among people with serious disorders.

scholarly journals RETRACTED – Mental health in UK Biobank: development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157 366 participants

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina A. S. Davis ◽  
Jonathan R. I. Coleman ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Naomi Allen ◽  
Gerome Breen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

Background UK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500 000 participants that offers unique opportunities to investigate multiple diseases and risk factors. Aims An online mental health questionnaire completed by UK Biobank participants was expected to expand the potential for research into mental disorders. Method An expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting with a patient group regarding acceptability. Case definitions were defined using operational criteria for lifetime depression, mania, anxiety disorder, psychotic-like experiences and self-harm, as well as current post-traumatic stress and alcohol use disorders. Results 157 366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status than the general population across a range of indicators. Thirty-five per cent (55 750) of participants had at least one defined syndrome, of which lifetime depression was the most common at 24% (37 434). There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation. Conclusions The questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed owing to selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health. Declaration of interest G.B. received grants from the National Institute for Health Research during the study; and support from Illumina Ltd. and the European Commission outside the submitted work. B.C. received grants from the Scottish Executive Chief Scientist Office and from The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation during the study. C.S. received grants from the Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust during the study, and is the Chief Scientist for UK Biobank. M.H. received grants from the Innovative Medicines Initiative via the RADAR-CNS programme and personal fees as an expert witness outside the submitted work.

scholarly journals Mental Health in UK Biobank Revised – development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157,366 participants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina A. S. Davis ◽  
Jonathan R. I. Coleman ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Naomi Allen ◽  
Gerome Breen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

AbstractThis paper corrects and updates a paper published in BJPsych Open 2018 “Mental Health in UK Biobank” (https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2018.12) that was voluntarily retracted following the finding of errors in the coding of the variable for alcohol use disorder. Notably, the percentage of participants reaching threshold for alcohol use disorder on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Tool increased from 7% to 21%.BackgroundUK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500,000 participants that offers unique opportunities to investigate multiple diseases and risk factors. An online mental health questionnaire completed by UK Biobank participants expands the potential for research into mental disorders.MethodsAn expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting with a service user group regarding acceptability. Operational criteria were agreed for defining likely disorder and risk states, including lifetime depression, mania/hypomania, generalised anxiety disorder, unusual experiences and self-harm, and current post-traumatic stress and alcohol use disorders.Results157,366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status. Lifetime depression was the most common finding in 24% of participants (37,434), with current alcohol use disorder criteria met by 21% (32,602), while other criteria were met by less than 8% of the participants. There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with a high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation.ConclusionsThe questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed due to selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health.

scholarly journals A Survey of Psychological Symptoms One Month Post Discharge in Patients Infected with COVID 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
pp. 2884-2887
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Joopaka ◽  
Molanguri Umashankar ◽  
Pingali Srilakshmi ◽  
Pradeep Sharma Telkapalli ◽  
Chinni Krishna Banoth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Corona virus disease or the (COVID 19) has caused mental health problems in the general population, in people infected and hospitalised for the disease and in patients who have recovered from the disease physically but continue to suffer from lingering mental health problems. Studies have shown stress, depression, and anxiety in one third of the survivors. Similarly post-traumatic stress disorder has been reported to be around 13 % in the survivors of COVID 19. In this study, we wanted to assess the psychological symptoms in the survivors of Covid 19 patients, one month post discharge and also assess various factors associated with the same. METHODS A cross sectional telephonic survey of the patients one month following discharge was done to understand the psychological problems. Sociodemographic data was recorded on a semi structured proforma, whereas psychological distress was recorded on patient health questionnaire - 4 (PHQ - 4) and the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was screened for by the impact of event scale revised (IES - R). RESULTS Of the 200 patients evaluated, 46.8 % scored above 20 on the impact of event scale which was considered to be a positive screen for post-traumatic stress disorder. Moderate psychological distress was reported by 10.5 % and severe by 7.5 % as measured by PHQ - 4. Being married, having other family members effected by the infection and deaths in the family were some of the factors that were significantly associated with psychological distress and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSIONS Continued mental health support needs to be extended to members who are considered to have recovered and discharged from the hospital following the COVID 19 infection. KEY WORDS COVID 19, Psychological Symptoms, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

scholarly journals Living under siege: resilience, hopelessness, and psychological distress among Palestinian students in the Gaza Strip

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Veronese ◽  
Alessandro Pepe ◽  
Marwan Diab ◽  
Yasser Abu Jamey ◽  
Ashraf Kagee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Moving from an approach oriented to adaptation and functioning, the current paper explored the network of cumulative associations between the effects of the siege and resilience on mental health. Methods We sought to explore the impact of the siege on psychological distress (anxiety, depression, and stress) and the moderating effect of resilience and hopelessness in a sample of 550 Palestinian university students. We hypothesized that the siege effect would impact psychological distress so that the more people were affected by the siege, the more mental symptoms of common mental disorders they would report. We also expected that the siege would negatively impact both resilience and participants' hopelessness. Results Findings showed that higher scores on the scale measuring effect of the siege were associated with hopelessness. Furthermore, living under siege compromised participants’ resilience. The more the siege affected individuals, the lower resilience were protecting participants mental health and the more hopelessness was exposing them to anxiety, stress, and depression. Conclusion Our findings draw attention to how the ongoing violation of human rights influences people's mental health in Gaza. Implications for clinicians and policymakers are discussed.

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