Job Demand-Control-Support Model as Related to Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Working Women and Men

A physically active lifestyle incurs health benefits and physically active individuals show reduced reactivity to psychosocial stressors. However, the findings are inconclusive and are based on self-reported physical activity and sedentary time. The present study aimed at studying the associations between psychological stressors (job demand, control, support, JD-C-S) and objectively measured physical activity (PA) on various intensities from sedentary (SED) to vigorous physical activity. The participants were 314 employees from a cross-sectional study. PA data were collected with the accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X (Pensacola, FL, USA), SED data with the inclinometer activPAL (PAL Technologies Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland, UK), and psychosocial stressors with a web questionnaire. Results showed that vigorous-intensity PA was negatively associated with demand (β −0.15, p < 0.05), even when adjusted for the covariates. SED was negatively associated to support (β −0.13, p < 0.05). Stress significantly moderated relations between support and sedentary time (β −0.12, p < 0.05). Moderate PA (MVPA) was negatively associated with demand, but only when controlling for overtime (β −0.13, p < 0.05). MVPA was also negatively associated with control (β −0.15, p < 0.05) but not when work engagement was included in the model. Being more physically active and spending less time sedentary may help to handle job situations with high demand and low support.

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Long-Term Correlates of Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Norwegian Men and Women

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2014-0390 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1500-1507 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ane Kristiansen Solbraa ◽

Ulf Ekelund ◽

Ingar M. Holme ◽

Sidsel Graff-Iversen ◽

Jostein Steene-Johannessen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Background:Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), perceived health and health behavior are correlates known to affect physical activity and sedentary time. However, studies have often been cross-sectional, and less is known about long-term correlates. Thus, the aims were to investigate 1) the associations between a set of characteristics (demographic, biological, psychological, and behavioral) and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time at 13-year follow-up, and 2) the association between changes in these characteristics over time and physical activity and sedentary time.Methods:Baseline characteristics were collected in 40-year-olds in 1996, and follow-up data on objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time were obtained in 2009 (n = 240). Data were analyzed by multiple linear regressions.Results:Self-reported physical activity (P < .001) and improved perceived health (P = .046) were positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) whereas BMI (P = .034) and increased BMI (P = .014) were negatively associated with MVPA at follow-up. Women spent less time being sedentary than men (P = .019). Education (P < .001) was positively associated and improved perceived health (P = .010) was negatively associated with sedentary time at follow-up.Conclusions:MVPA and sedentary time at follow-up were associated with behavioral, biological and demographic correlates. However, the nature of our analyses prevents us from inferring causality.

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The Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Academic Achievement in Dutch Adolescents: Findings From the GOALS Study

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.2014-0014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 460-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Martin L. Van Dijk ◽

Renate H.M. De Groot ◽

Hans H.C.M. Savelberg ◽

Frederik Van Acker ◽

Paul A. Kirschner

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Academic Achievement ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Mathematics Performance ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Physical Activity Volume ◽

And Mathematics ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

The main goal of this study was to investigate the association between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement in adolescents. Students in Grades 7 and 9 (N = 255) were included. Overall, we found no significant dose–response association between physical activity and academic achievement. However, in Grade 7 total physical activity volume (Total PA) was negatively associated with academic achievement, while moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was negatively associated with both academic achievement and mathematics performance. In contrast, in Grade 9 both Total PA and MVPA were positively associated with mathematics performance. In addition, the overall association between MVPA and academic achievement followed an inverted U-shaped curve. Finally, Total PA was positively associated with executive functioning, while executive functioning in turn mediated the associations between Total PA and both academic achievement and mathematics performance. These results indicate that the association between physical activity and academic achievement in adolescents is complex and might be affected by academic year, physical activity volume and intensity, and school grade.

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Bi-Directional, Day-to-Day Associations between Objectively-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Sleep among Office Workers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18157999 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 7999

Author(s):

Emerald G. Heiland ◽

Örjan Ekblom ◽

Emil Bojsen-Møller ◽

Lisa-Marie Larisch ◽

Victoria Blom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Office Workers ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Physically Active ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

The bi-directional, day-to-day associations between daytime physical activity and sedentary behavior, and nocturnal sleep, in office workers are unknown. This study investigated these associations and whether they varied by weekday or weekend day. Among 324 Swedish office workers (mean age 42.4 years; 33.3% men), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behaviors and sleep (total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE)) were ascertained by using accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X) over 8 days. Multilevel linear mixed models were used to assess the bi-directional, day-to-day, within-person associations. Additional analyses stratified by weekend/weekday were performed. On average, participants spent 6% (57 min) of their day in MVPA and 59% (9.5 h) sedentary, and during the night, TST was 7 hours, and SE was 91%. More daytime sedentary behavior was associated with less TST that night, and reciprocally, more TST at night was associated with less sedentary behavior on the following weekday. Greater TST during the night was also associated with less MVPA the next day, only on weekdays. However, daytime MVPA was not associated with TST that night. Higher nighttime SE was associated with greater time spent sedentary and in MVPA on the following day, regardless if weekday or weekend day. Sleep may be more crucial for being physically active the following day than vice versa, especially on weekdays. Nevertheless, sedentary behavior’s relation with sleep time may be bi-directional. Office workers may struggle with balancing sleep and physical activity time.

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Associations of neck and shoulder pain with objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time among school-aged children

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1515/sjpain-2020-0038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 821-827

Author(s):

Katariina Pauliina Pirnes ◽

Jouni Kallio ◽

Anna Kankaanpää ◽

Arja Häkkinen ◽

Tuija Tammelin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Shoulder Pain ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Lower Probability ◽

Supportive Parenting ◽

Neck And Shoulder Pain ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

AbstractObjectivesThe potential effects of physical activity and sedentary time on children’s increasing neck and shoulder pain are unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the associations between objectively measured physical activity or sedentary time and neck and shoulder pain in children.MethodsChildren (n=905; 10–15 years old) filled in an electronic questionnaire during school hours on the frequency of their neck and shoulder pain. Daytime moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time were measured objectively with an ActiGraph accelerometer. A multinomial logistic regression was applied to study the associations. The results were adjusted for age, gender, body mass index and bedtime.ResultsNeck and shoulder pain experienced at least once a week was reported by 26.1% of children. A higher proportion of boys (45.9%) than girls (24.2%) achieved at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity/day (p<0.001). Girls were more sedentary than boys (sedentary time 66.4 vs. 63.1%) (p<0.001). Higher moderate to vigorous physical activity time was associated with a lower probability of experiencing neck and shoulder pain among boys, but not among girls. No association was found between sedentary time and neck and shoulder pain.ConclusionsA quarter of the girls and boys reported frequent neck and shoulder pain. Boys achieved more moderate to vigorous physical activity than girls and higher moderate to vigorous physical activity was associated with a lower probability of having neck and shoulder pain, but only in boys. Neck and shoulder pain is the most common musculoskeletal pain and its prevalence is increasing. Preventing childhood pain is important, as neck and shoulder pain causes restrictions in daily living and is persistent to adulthood. Our study showed, that boys with more moderate to vigorous physical activity, had less weekly neck and shoulder pain symptoms. The present results are an addition to the list of benefits of physical activity and are valuable to, for example, healthcare personnel and teachers, who guide and teach children and adolescents. Families can benefit from new knowledge when considering supportive parenting activities. Municipalities can use the new information to design services for children or families.

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Children with overweight are not less physically active than children of normal-weight

10.21203/rs.2.11401/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Janneke van Leeuwen ◽

Bart Koes ◽

Winifred D. Paulis ◽

Patrick J.E. Bindels ◽

Marienke van Middelkoop

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Physically Active ◽

Percentage Time ◽

General Practices ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in objectively measured physical activity and in self-reported physical activity between overweight and normal-weight children. Methods Data from a prospective cohort study including children, presenting at the participating general practices in the south-west of the Netherlands, were used. Children (aged 4-15 years) were categorized as normal-weight or overweight using age- and sex specific cut-off points. They wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for one week to register physical activity, and filled out a diary for one week about physical activity. Results A total of 57 children were included in this study. Overweight children spent significantly less percentage time per day in sedentary behavior (β -1.68 (95%CI -3.129, -0.07)). There were no significant differences in percentage time per day spent in light to moderate physical activity (β 1.52 (-0.01, 3.04)), and in moderate to vigorous physical activity (β 0.33 (-0.11, 0.78)). No significant differences were found between children of normal-weight and overweight in self-reported measures of physical activity. Conclusions Overweight children are not less physically active than normal-weight children, which may be associated with the risen awareness towards overweight/obesity and with implemented interventions for children with overweight/obesity.

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No differences in physical activity between children with overweight and children of normal-weight

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-020-02327-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Janneke van Leeuwen ◽

Bart W. Koes ◽

Winifred D. Paulis ◽

Patrick J. E. Bindels ◽

Marienke van Middelkoop

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Physically Active ◽

Actigraph Accelerometer ◽

Percentage Time ◽

General Practices ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in objectively measured physical activity and in self-reported physical activity between overweight and normal-weight children. Methods Data from a prospective cohort study including children, presenting at the participating general practices in the south-west of the Netherlands, were used. Children (aged 4–15 years) were categorized as normal-weight or overweight using age- and sex specific cut-off points. They wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for one week to register physical activity, and filled out a diary for one week about physical activity. Results A total of 57 children were included in this study. Overweight children spent significantly less percentage time per day in sedentary behavior (β − 1.68 (95%CI -3.129, − 0.07)). There were no significant differences in percentage time per day spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (β 0.33 (− 0.11, 0.78)). No significant differences were found between children of normal-weight and overweight in self-reported measures of physical activity. Conclusions Overweight children are not less physically active than normal-weight children, which may be associated with the risen awareness towards overweight/obesity and with implemented interventions for children with overweight/obesity.

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Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time among Children and Adolescents in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/8949757 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Issad Baddou ◽

Asmaa El Hamdouchi ◽

Imane El Harchaoui ◽

Kaoutar Benjeddou ◽

Naima Saeid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Guideline ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Objectively Measured

Background. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescent plays an important role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular health diseases, diabetes, and obesity in adulthood. However, little is known about physical activity levels (PA) and sedentary time among children and adolescents in Morocco. Objective. To examine gender, type of day, and age grade differences in objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity levels, and physical activity guideline attainment among children and adolescents in Morocco. Method. 172 children/adolescents (mean age = 10.92 ± 1.55 years, 49.4% are boys) were recruited for this study and wore a tri-axial accelerometer (GT3X+) for 7 consecutive days. Time spent in sedentary, PA levels, and daily steps were measured and compared according to gender, age grade, and the type of day (weekdays/weekends). Results. In weekdays children/adolescents spent more time in sedentary than weekends (p < 0.001). Boys were eight times more likely to meet the recommendation for at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day than girls (OR: 8.569; 95% [CI]: 4.23–17.32), p < 0.001. Conclusion. These findings highlight the need for effective and sustainable strategies and programs aiming to promote physical activity and to reduce sedentary behavior among children and adolescents in Morocco.

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Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Sleep and the Association With Inflammatory Markers and Adiponectin in 8- to 11-Year-Old Danish Children

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2015-0123 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 733-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mette S. Nielsen ◽

Jonas S. Quist ◽

Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽

Stine-Mathilde Dalskov ◽

Camilla T. Damsgaard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Movement Behavior ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Pubertal Status ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Reactive Protein

Background:Inflammatory markers, adiponectin, and movement/nonmovement behaviors have all been linked to risk factors for cardiovascular disease; however, the association between childhood movement/nonmovement behaviors and inflammatory markers and adiponectin is unknown.Methods:We explored the association between accelerometer determined moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time, and sleep (7 days/8 nights) and fasting C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and adiponectin in 806 school children. A sleep variability score was calculated.Results:MVPA was negatively associated with adiponectin in boys and girls (P < .001) and with CRP and IL-6 in girls (P < .05) independent of sleep duration, sedentary time, age, fat mass index (FMI), and pubertal status. Sedentary time was positively associated with adiponectin in boys and girls (both P < .001), and sleep duration with adiponectin in boys independent of age, FMI, and pubertal status (P < .001); however, these associations disappeared after mutual adjustments for movement behavior. Sleep duration variability was positively associated with CRP in girls independent of all covariates (P < .01).Conclusion:MVPA remained negatively associated with inflammatory markers and adiponectin, and sleep duration variability positively associated with CRP after adjustment for FMI, pubertal status, and other movement behavior. The inverse association between MVPA and adiponectin conflicts with the anti-inflammatory properties of adiponectin.

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Differences in the Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and BMI of Finnish Grade 5 Students

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2018-0622 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 765-771

Author(s):

Kasper Salin ◽

Mikko Huhtiniemi ◽

Anthony Watt ◽

Harto Hakonen ◽

Timo Jaakkola

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Fifth Grade ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Fifth Grade Students ◽

Grade 5 ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Background: This study examined the distribution of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time of fifth-grade students during school, leisure time, and physical education (PE) classes. Demographic, anthropometric, and PA data were collected from 17 representative Finnish schools. Methods: To estimate the PA and sedentary time, participants (N = 592) wore wGT3X-BT ActiGraphs for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were made between genders and different BMI groups. Results: From the study sample, 43.7% met the moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) guidelines. Participants spent 62.2% of the day sedentary and 8.2% in moderate and vigorous activities. Boys performed more MVPA than girls, and girls were more sedentary during school days. Boys had more MVPA than girls in leisure time, but there were no differences in sedentary time. However, an examination of PA assessed during PE classes revealed no differences between boys and girls. Normal-weight boys engaged in more MVPA than overweight and obese boys. No differences were found for girls. Conclusions: The PA levels differ between different BMI groups in leisure time and during school but not during PE lessons. PA for overweight children should be targeted and compulsory PE time should be increased to achieve the PA guidelines.

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Changes in Objectively Measured Lifestyle Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-847301/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Takuya Ataka ◽

Noriyuki Kimura ◽

Atsuko Eguchi ◽

Etsuro Matsubara

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Activity Level ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: In this manuscript, we aimed at investigating whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, including walking steps, sedentary time, amount of unforced physical activity, level of slight and energetic physical activity, conversation time, and sleep parameters altered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study conducted from 2015 to 2019 and a subsequent dementia prevention study undertaken in September 2020. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years wore wearable sensors before and during the pandemic.Results: A total of 56 adults were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 74.2±3.9 years, and 58.9% (n=33) of the participants were female. The moderate and vigorous physical activity time significantly decreased and sedentary time significantly increased during the pandemic. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate differences in objectively assessed lifestyle factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. The findings show that the pandemic has adversely affected physical activity among older adults living on their own in Japan.

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