scholarly journals Why Negative or Positive, If It makes Me Win? Dark Personality in Spanish Competitive Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3504
Author(s):  
Juan González-Hernández ◽  
Ricardo Cuevas-Campos ◽  
María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez ◽  
Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Predictive Relationships

Research on the dark triad traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy) is increasingly focusing on the functional or dysfunctional influences of personality traits on cognitive, behavioural and emotional responses. Thus, studies in sport contexts have shown that athletes who participate in competitive sports have higher scores in the dark triad than those who do not. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the linear and predictive relationships between dark traits and competitiveness (p < 0.01), as well as to identify any differences based on sports orientation (professionals vs. amateurs). Scales SD3 (dark personality) and C−10 (competitiveness) were applied to a sample of Spanish athletes (n = 806). The results show that competitiveness is strongly related to the traits of the dark personality triad. Narcissism is related to both the desire to win and the fear of losing, while Machiavellian tendencies are high when athletes feel like losers. Finally, psychopathic tendencies are related to feelings of inferiority and fear of failure. In conclusion, the results suggest that dark personality traits are related not only to the individuality of the athletes, but also to the self-perception of both their psychological response and the competitiveness of their sporting environment.

scholarly journals Suicidality, self-stigma, social anxiety and personality traits in stabilized schizophrenia patients – a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 1415-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyna Vrbova ◽  
Jan Prasko ◽  
Marie Ociskova ◽  
Michaela Holubova ◽  
Krystof Kantor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Analysis of knowledge and attitudes of the students of health and professional studies regarding the use of stimulative substances in sports

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Goran Stojanovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic-Blagojevic ◽  
Zulfer Bahtijari ◽  
Bratislav Stankovic ◽  
Dragana Terzic-Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Analysis Of Knowledge ◽  
Professional Studies

Backrogund/Aim. Since the beginning of competitive sports, athletes have been trying to improve their abilities by taking various substances. The problem of using prohibited substances is not strictly tied to elite athletes; it is also present in the general population. The aim of this study was to test the knowledge and attitudes of the students regarding the use of stimulative substances and dietary supplements in sports. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed among students at the College of Health and Professional Studies in Belgrade, Serbia. The data was collected by filling in an especially designed questionnaire. Results. Knowledge of prohibited substances and methods was characterized as ?good? with 24.2% of respondents, namely 8.09% of males and 16.1% of females; knowledge of the adverse effects of prohibited substances and methods on health was demonstrated by 17.7% (9.03% of male respondents and 8.72% of female respondents). Conclusion. Student population is not knowledgeable enough about the problems of prohibited substances use and their negative effects on one?s health. The comparative analysis of our and European researches on knowledge, attitudes and uses of prohibited substances show a rather uniform prevalence rate. Not being aware of the adverse effects shows the need to further educate students.

scholarly journals Predictors of cognitive, behavioural and academic difficulties in NF1

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S243-S243
Author(s):  
Kavitha Chinnappa Ramamurthy ◽  
Marie-Maude Geoffray ◽  
Louise Robinson ◽  
Lauren Manderson ◽  
Julieta O'Flaherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remedial Education ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
The North ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Uk

AimsThe aim of this study is to systematically investigate the demographic and disease predictors of cognitive and behavioural phenotype in the largest cohort of children with NF1 published to date. Based on previously published research, we examine the potential role of demographic predictors such as age, sex, SES, parental NF1 status as well as the neurological complications such as epilepsy and brain tumours in NF1 associated cognitive/ behavioural impairments.MethodIn this cross-sectional study design, participant data were drawn from two large databases which included (i) A clinical database of all patients with NF1 seen in a clinical psychological service from 2010 to 2019 and (ii) A research dataset from two previously published studies (2,8). The complex National NF1 service based within Manchester regional genetic services is set up for individuals with complex NF1 (https://www.mangen.co.uk/healthcare-professionals/clinical-genomic-services/nf1/) in the North of the UK. Children were referred to the psychological services by NF1 clinicians if psychological assessment was warranted based on parental reports. In order to reduce clinic referral bias, the clinical sample was supplemented by including participants that were seen solely for the purposes of research studies within our centre.ResultRelative to population norms, 90% of the NF1 sample demonstrated significantly lower scores in at least one cognitive or behavioral domain. Family history of NF1 and lower SES were independently associated with poorer cognitive, behavioral and academic outcomes. Neurological problems such as epilepsy and hydrocephalus were associated with lower IQ and academic skills.ConclusionCognitive and behavioural phenotypes commonly emerge via a complex interplay between genes and environmental factors, and this is true also of a monogenic condition such as NF1. Early interventions and remedial education may be targeted to risk groups such those with familial NF1, families with lower SES and those with associated neurological comorbidities.

scholarly journals Intentional Self-Harm and Personality Traits using Big Five Factor Model in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Level Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
S Paudyal ◽  
SP Ojha ◽  
P Tulachan ◽  
S Dhungana ◽  
R Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Emergency Department Patients ◽  
Relationship Of

Introduction: Suicide is an important, largely preventable public health problem. The occurrence of suicide and suicidal behavior has been increasing dramatically. There is a growing recognition that the personality traits is important risk factor for intentional self-harm (suicide/ purposely self-inflicted poisoning or injury). This study was done to assess the personality traits in patients presenting with intentional self-harm and relationship of intent of the self-harm with personality traits. Material And Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in patients presenting with Intentional self-harm to tertiary hospital emergency department. Patients who met inclusion criteria and gave consent during six months period were included, Socio demographic information and detailed history was taken. The suicide intent scale and five factor model rating form were administered to the patients. Results: Most patients who presented with intentional self –harm scored median score of 4 (high) in anger hostility, self-consciousness, impulsivity and altruism traits while in other traits they scored neutral score, which concluded that patients who presented with intentional self–harm were more bitter, short-tempered, timid, impulsive and sacrificial. The study showed that the relation of certain traits as anxiousness, impulsivity, vulnerability, gregariousness, ideas, trust, straightforwardness, altruism, competence, order and SIS grading was statistically significant (p=<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that patients who presented with intentional self–harm were more bitter, short–tempered, timid, impulsive and sacrificial. Further patients who committed intentional self harm with low intent were more impulsive, vulnerable, outgoing, haphazard and sloppy as compared to those who committed with high intent who were rather more anxious and sacrificial.

scholarly journals Increased Prevalence of Anxiety-Associated Personality Traits in Patients with Cushing's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dimopoulou ◽  
M. Ising ◽  
H. Pfister ◽  
J. Schopohl ◽  
G.K. Stalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Profiles of motivation, fear of failure and anxiety in young handball players: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412097510
Author(s):  
Manuel Gómez-López ◽  
Javier Courel-Ibáñez ◽  
Antonio Granero-Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Function

The aim of this study was to identify distinctive profiles (clusters) of high-level, young handball players according to their motivation, fear of failure and competitive state anxiety. In addition, we examined differences in the distribution of gender, age, and players’ position within each profile. The study participants were 479 young handball players. The age range was 16–17 years old. Players were administered a battery composed of Sport Motivation Scale, Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R, to measure the above-mentioned theoretical constructs. Results showed three different player profiles that the discriminant analysis with canonical correlations grouped into two functions. Function 1 was characterized by those players with the highest values of motivation and self-confidence, and function 2 included those players with lower self-determined motivation, more amotivation, more fear of failure and the highest levels of anxiety. The results provide relevant information for coaches, as they will help them design individualized training programs that will improve athletes' performance, while ensuring their health and well-being.

scholarly journals Predictors of Mental Health in Adolescence: The Role of Personality, Dispositional Optimism, and Social Support

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402091796
Author(s):  
Iva Burešová ◽  
Martin Jelínek ◽  
Jaroslava Dosedlová ◽  
Helena Klimusová
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Orientation Test

In line with the current psychological approach to health in general, mental health is perceived not only as the absence of psychopathological disorders, but also the presence of well-being. The study contributes to the identification of possible sources affecting mental health in adolescence. This cross-sectional study focuses on the role of personality traits, dispositional optimism, and perceived social support in predicting mental health in adolescence. Mental health was assessed using Mental Health Continuum, personality traits using Big Five Inventory, dispositional optimism using Life Orientation Test—Revised and social support by Close Relationships and Social Support Scale. The research sample consisted of 1,239 respondents aged 12 to 19 years (mean age 15.56 years), 54.3% females and 45.7 % males. Sequential regression analysis revealed that demographic variables and personality characteristics together explained 33.5% of mental health variance, the strongest predictors being extraversion and neuroticism. Including dispositional optimism and perceived social support resulted in a significant increase of the explained variance. All predictors together explained 46.0% of the mental health variance.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular evaluation, including resting and exercise electrocardiography, before participation in competitive sports: cross sectional study

BMJ ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 337 (jul03 2) ◽  
pp. a346-a346 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sofi ◽  
A. Capalbo ◽  
N. Pucci ◽  
J. Giuliattini ◽  
F. Condino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Electrocardiography ◽  
Cardiovascular Evaluation

scholarly journals Increased Psychopathology and Maladaptive Personality Traits, But Normal Cognitive Functioning, In Patients after Long-Term Cure of Acromegaly

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-779
Author(s):  
Jitske Tiemensma ◽  
Nienke R. Biermasz ◽  
Roos C. van der Mast ◽  
Moniek J. E. Wassenaar ◽  
Huub A. M. Middelkoop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Irreversible Effects

ABSTRACT Objective Active acromegaly is associated with psychopathology, personality changes, and cognitive dysfunction. It is unknown whether, and to what extent, these effects are present after long-term cure of acromegaly. Aim The aim of the study was to assess psychopathology, personality traits, and cognitive function in patients after long-term cure of acromegaly. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Patients and Methods We studied 68 patients after long-term cure (13 ± 1 yr) of acromegaly and 68 matched controls. We compared these data with 60 patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMAs) and 60 matched controls. Psychopathology was assessed using the Apathy Scale, Irritability Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire short-form and personality by the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology short-form (DAPP). Cognitive function was assessed by 11 tests. Results Compared with matched controls, patients cured from acromegaly scored significantly worse on virtually all psychopathology questionnaires and on several subscales of the DAPP. Compared with NFMA patients, patients cured from acromegaly scored worse on negative affect (P = 0.050) and somatic arousal (P = 0.009) and seven of 18 subscales of the DAPP (P &lt; 0.05). Cognitive function in patients cured from acromegaly did not differ from matched controls or patients treated for NFMA. Conclusion Patients with long-term cure of acromegaly show a higher prevalence of psychopathology and maladaptive personality traits but not cognitive dysfunction, compared with matched controls and patients treated for NFMA. These results suggest irreversible effects of previous GH excess, rather than effects of pituitary adenomas per se and/or their treatment, on the central nervous system.

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