scholarly journals The Use of Penalized Regression Analysis to Identify County-Level Demographic and Socioeconomic Variables Predictive of Increased COVID-19 Cumulative Case Rates in the State of Georgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8036
Author(s):  
Holly L. Richmond ◽  
Joana Tome ◽  
Haresh Rochani ◽  
Isaac Chun-Hai Fung ◽  
Gulzar H. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Penalized Regression ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
County Level ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Systemic inequity concerning the social determinants of health has been known to affect morbidity and mortality for decades. Significant attention has focused on the individual-level demographic and co-morbid factors associated with rates and mortality of COVID-19. However, less attention has been given to the county-level social determinants of health that are the main drivers of health inequities. To identify the degree to which social determinants of health predict COVID-19 cumulative case rates at the county-level in Georgia, we performed a sequential, cross-sectional ecologic analysis using a diverse set of socioeconomic and demographic variables. Lasso regression was used to identify variables from collinear groups. Twelve variables correlated to cumulative case rates (for cases reported by 1 August 2020) with an adjusted r squared of 0.4525. As time progressed in the pandemic, correlation of demographic and socioeconomic factors to cumulative case rates increased, as did number of variables selected. Findings indicate the social determinants of health and demographic factors continue to predict case rates of COVID-19 at the county-level as the pandemic evolves. This research contributes to the growing body of evidence that health disparities continue to widen, disproportionality affecting vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Capturing the social determinants of health at the individual level: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Neadley ◽  
Gai McMichael ◽  
Toby Freeman ◽  
Kathryn Browne-Yung ◽  
Fran Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals Frailty in older adults and their association with social determinants of Health. The SABE Colombia Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M Ocampo Chaparro ◽  
Carlos A Reyes Ortiz ◽  
Ximena Castro Flórez ◽  
Fernando Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of frailty and evaluate the relationship with the social determinants of health in elderly residents in urban and rural areas of Colombia. Methods: The SABE (Health, Wellbeing, and Aging) Colombia project is a cross-sectional study, carried out in 2014-2015, involving 24,553 men and women aged 60 years and older who live in the community in Colombia. For this analysis, we used data from 4,474 participants included as a subsample with grip strength measurements. The frailty syndrome was diagnosed according to the Fried criteria (weakness, low speed, low physical activity, exhaustion, and weight loss). The independent variables were grouped as (a) biological and genetic flow, (b) lifestyle (adverse conditions in childhood) (c) social networks and community, and (d) socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions. Multiple logistic and linear regression analyses were used to assess the prognostic value of frailty for the outcomes of interest. Results: The prevalence of frailty was 17.9%. The factors significantly associated with frailty were older age, being women, living in rural areas, having low education, a greater number of medical conditions, insufficient current income, childhood health problems and a poor economic situation in childhood. Conclusions: Our results support the need to include frailty prevention programs, to improve the socioeconomic health conditions of infants to avoid future development of frailty.

Social Determinants of Psychiatric Illness

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Kristen Nishimi ◽  
Esther Howe ◽  
Erin C. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social

The social determinants of health refer to the ways in which societal conditions impact the etiology, course, and treatment of health outcomes. This chapter summarizes four main topics related to the social determinants of mental health in order to provide a framework for clinicians to understand the major social determinants of mental illness and help them incorporate insights about the social determinants of health into their clinical practice. First, we demonstrate how social determinants are related to the field of public health and population health frameworks. Second, we describe how knowledge of social determinants can inform psychiatric clinical practice. Third, we summarize research on four major social determinants—gender, socioeconomic status, childhood adversity, and school and neighborhood environments—with respect to depression risk. Last, we show how information about social determinants can be integrated with more individual-level factors, including genetic variation.

scholarly journals Social support of people with HIV/AIDS: the Social Determinants of Health Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa da Frota Santos ◽  
Samyla Citó Pedrosa ◽  
Priscila de Souza Aquino ◽  
Ivana Cristina Vieira de Lima ◽  
Gilmara Holanda da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Model ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the social support of people with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of the Social Determinants of Health Model. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 in an infectious disease outpatient clinic. The sample was made up of 116 people with HIV/AIDS. The data was collected through interviews, using a sociodemographic form and a social support scale. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Student’s t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to determine the association between social support and the social determinants of health. Results: Total social support was satisfactory, emotional support was influenced by smoking (p=0.0432) and instrumental support, by the number of people in the household (p=0.0003). The main source of instrumental and emotional support was relatives living outside the household, corresponding to 66.7% and 56.1%, respectively. Conclusion: It was found that smokers havelower emotional support and people living alone received less instrumental support.

scholarly journals Social determinants of health related to adhesion to mammography screening

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Brasil Moreira ◽  
Ana Fátima Carvalho Fernandes ◽  
Régia Christina Moura Barbosa Castro ◽  
Rosy Denyse Pinheiro de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Model ◽  
Belief Model

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify proximal, intermediary and individual social determinants related to mammography adherence, according to the Social Determinants of Health model proposed by Dahlgren and Whitehead. Method: Correlational cross-sectional study, carried out with a sociodemographic and clinical data questionnaire and the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale, translated and adapted for use in Brazil. Data analyzed by multiple linear regression, from the domains scale, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were used as predictors. Results: The age group of 60-64 years (55.0%) was highlighted, 22 (55.0%) women had a stable partner; and 14 (65.0%) completed higher education. The domain with the greatest influence on adhesion to mammography was perceived barriers. Conclusion: The social determinants of health are directly related to the levels of adherence to the exam among women, as well as the perceived benefits, susceptibilities and barriers.

scholarly journals Understanding Health Exposures and Vulnerabilities of Women Workers and their Work Changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Sukanya Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The paper looks at employment shifts of women construction and domestic workers and explores whether social and economic factors as well as processes are adequate in explaining and understanding the reason of health for work changes. It uses the gender model of social determinants of health to explore how women workers differed on the basis of exposures. This paper uses the case studies data of 33 respondents who were purposively selected on the basis of reasons cited for work change from a larger survey sample. The study was conducted in slums of Cuttack city, in Odisha state of India from June 2014 to February 2015.It was found that women’s health exposures were psychosocial and physical in form, wherein both affected each other. Exposures occurred on a daily as well as episode basis. Structural and community level factors of women’s work, living and diet conditions, access of health care and family support were found crucial for her health besides the individual level wherein her predisposition and age factor mattered. Class, gender, age, family support and state support were the reasons of differential experiences of exposures to conditions and vulnerabilities that affected women’s health. Gendered social determinants of health (SDH) along with life course approach helps understand accumulation of health risks over time through the exposures and vulnerabilities as lack of time for recovery, lack of compensation during work loss and challenges of accessing health care invariably led to accumulation of health issues.

Addressing the Social Determinants of Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saty Satya-Murti ◽  
Jennifer Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Community Center ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social

The Los Angeles Plaza Community Center (PCC), an early twentieth-century Los Angeles community center and clinic, published El Mexicano, a quarterly newsletter, from 1913 to 1925. The newsletter’s reports reveal how the PCC combined walk-in medical visits with broader efforts to address the overall wellness of its attendees. Available records, some with occasional clinical details, reveal the general spectrum of illnesses treated over a twelve-year span. Placed in today’s context, the medical care given at this center was simple and minimal. The social support it provided, however, was multifaceted. The center’s caring extended beyond providing medical attention to helping with education, nutrition, employment, transportation, and moral support. Thus, the social determinants of health (SDH), a prominent concern of present-day public health, was a concept already realized and practiced by these early twentieth-century Los Angeles Plaza community leaders. Such practices, although not yet nominally identified as SDH, had their beginnings in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century social activism movement aiming to mitigate the social ills and inequities of emerging industrial nations. The PCC was one of the pioneers in this effort. Its concerns and successes in this area were sophisticated enough to be comparable to our current intentions and aspirations.

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