scholarly journals A Comparison of the Gluco-Regulatory Responses to High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Resistance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Brett A. Gordon ◽  
Caroline J. Taylor ◽  
Jarrod E. Church ◽  
Stephen D. Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Lower Blood Glucose ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
S Cycling ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval exercise and resistance exercise both effectively lower blood glucose; however, it is not clear whether different regulatory mechanisms exist. This randomised cross-over study compared the acute gluco-regulatory and the physiological responses of high-intensity interval exercise and resistance exercise. Sixteen (eight males and eight females) recreationally active individuals, aged (mean ± SD) 22 ± 7 years, participated with a seven-day period between interventions. The high-intensity interval exercise trial consisted of twelve, 30 s cycling intervals at 80% of peak power capacity and 90 s active recovery. The resistance exercise trial consisted of four sets of 10 repetitions for three lower-limb exercises at 80% 1-RM, matched for duration of high-intensity interval exercise. Exercise was performed after an overnight fast, with blood samples collected every 30 min, for two hours after exercise. There was a significant interaction between time and intervention for glucose (p = 0.02), which was, on average (mean ± SD), 0.7 ± 0.7 mmol∙L−1 higher following high-intensity interval exercise, as compared to resistance exercise. Cortisol concentration over time was affected by intervention (p = 0.03), with cortisol 70 ± 103 ng∙mL−1 higher (p = 0.015), on average, following high-intensity interval exercise. Resistance exercise did not induce the acute rise in glucose that was induced by high-intensity interval exercise and appears to be an appropriate alternative to positively regulate blood glucose.

scholarly journals High-intensity resistance exercise is not as effective as traditional high-intensity interval exercise for increasing the cardiorespiratory response and energy expenditure in recreationally active subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Järvinen ◽  
Sofi Lundin Petersdotter ◽  
Thomas Chaillou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Response ◽  
Moderate Load ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Active Adults

Abstract Purpose Traditional high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) highly stimulates the cardiorespiratory system and increases energy expenditure (EE) during exercise. High-intensity resistance exercise (HIRE) has become more popular in recreationally active subjects. The physiological responses to HIRE performed with light or moderate load is currently largely unknown. Here, we examined the effect of the type of interval exercise [HIRE at 40% (HIRE40) and 60% (HIRE60) 1-RM vs. traditional HIIE] on the cardiorespiratory response and EE during and after exercise. Methods Fifteen recreationally active adults randomly completed traditional HIIE on an ergocyle, HIRE40 and HIRE60. The sessions consisted of two sets of ten 30-s intervals (power at 100% VO2max during HIIE; maximal number of repetitions for 10 different free-weight exercises during HIRE40 and HIRE60) separated by 30-s active recovery periods. Gas exchange, heart rate (HR) and EE were assessed during and after exercise. Results VO2mean, VO2peak, HRmean, the time spent above 90% VO2max and HRmax, and aerobic EE were lower in both HIRE sessions compared with HIIE (P < 0.05). Anaerobic glycolytic contribution to total exercise EE was higher in HIRE40 and HIRE60 compared with HIIE (P < 0.001). EE from excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) was similar after the three sessions. Overall, similar cardiorespiratory responses and EE were found in HIRE40 and HIRE60. Conclusions HIRE is not as effective as HIIE for increasing the cardiorespiratory response and EE during exercise, while EPOC remains similar in HIRE and HIIE. These parameters are not substantially different between HIRE40 and HIRE60.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic Response to a Single High-intensity Interval Exercise Session Versus Breaking up Sedentary Time with Fragmented High-intensity Interval Exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bailey ◽  
Charlie Orton ◽  
Benjamin Maylor ◽  
Julia Zakrzewski-Fruer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
S Cycling ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
High Intensity Interval

AbstractThis study compared the effects of interrupting prolonged sedentary time with high-intensity physical activity (SED-ACT), a volume- and duration-matched high-intensity interval exercise session followed by prolonged sedentary time (HIIE), and prolonged uninterrupted sedentary time (SED) on postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations. Twelve sedentary and inactive but otherwise healthy adults completed 3, 6.5 h conditions in an incomplete counterbalanced order. During SED, participants sat continuously. For HIIE, participants completed 10×60 s cycling bouts at 90% maximum oxygen update (V̇O2max) with 1 min active recovery between bouts. In SED-ACT, 60 s cycling bouts at 90% V̇O2max were completed every 30 min (10 times in total) with 30 s of active recovery immediately before and after. Standardised meals were consumed at 0 h and 3 h and capillary blood samples were collected fasted and every 30 min. Compared with SED, postprandial glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was significantly lower in SED-ACT by 1.91 mmol/L∙6.5 h (p=0.022) and triglyceride iAUC was significantly lower in HIIE by 1.02 mmol/L∙6.5 h (p=0.030). Interrupting sedentary time with high-intensity physical activity can lower postprandial glucose concentrations, whereas a HIIE session can lower postprandial triglyceride concentrations.

Influence of Gender in the Psychoneuroimmunological Response to Therapeutic Interval Exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Arroyo-Morales ◽  
Lourdes Díaz Rodríguez ◽  
Belen Rubio-Ruiz ◽  
Nicolas Olea
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Interval exercise has been used as an alternative modality to continuous exercise in patients with various conditions. Although interval exercise can improve health status, it may also exert deleterious effects. Few data are available on differences in psychoneuroimmunological response to high-intensity interval exercise, and it is not known whether males and females differ in their responses to a similar physical stress task. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between the psychoneuroimmunological responses of healthy active males and females to a high-intensity interval exercise protocol. Fifty healthy active subjects (25 females) underwent 2 exercise protocol sessions at least 2 weeks apart and at the same time of the day. The first session familiarized participants with the protocol. In the second, after a baseline measurement, subjects performed an exercise protocol with a standardized warm-up followed by three 30-s Wingate tests and an active recovery period. Baseline and postintervention data were gathered on the following: Holter electrocardiogram recordings (standard deviation of normal-to-normal interval [SDNN], square root of mean squared differences of successive NN intervals [RMSSD]); heart rate variability (HRV) index; salivary total protein and immunoglobulin A levels; pressure pain thresholds in masseter and upper trapezius muscles; and profile of mood states. After the exercise protocol, mood disturbance was significantly greater in the males than in the females, while the salivary immunoglobulin A level relative to total proteins was significantly lower in the males. These results suggest that high-intensity interval exercise induces a worse psychoneuroimmunological state in males than in females.

scholarly journals High-intensity interval exercise attenuates but does not eliminate endothelial dysfunction after a fast food meal

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (2) ◽  
pp. H188-H194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Tucker ◽  
Brandon J. Sawyer ◽  
Catherine L. Jarrett ◽  
Dharini M. Bhammar ◽  
Justin R. Ryder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

We investigated whether two different bouts of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) could attenuate postprandial endothelial dysfunction. Thirteen young (27 ± 1 yr), nonexercise-trained men underwent three randomized conditions: 1) four 4-min intervals at 85–95% of maximum heart rate separated by 3 min of active recovery (HIIE 4 × 4), 2) 16 1-min intervals at 85–95% of maximum heart rate separated by 1 min of active recovery (HIIE 16 × 1), and 3) sedentary control. HIIE was performed in the afternoon, ~18 h before the morning fast food meal (1,250 kcal, 63g of fat). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was performed before HIIE ( baseline 1), during fasting before meal ingestion ( baseline 2), and 30 min, 2 h, and 4 h postprandial. Capillary glucose and triglycerides were assessed at fasting, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h (triglycerides only). Both HIIE protocols increased fasting FMD compared with control (HIIE 4 × 4: 6.1 ± 0.4%, HIIE 16 × 1: 6.3 ± 0.5%, and control: 5.1 ± 0.4%, P < 0.001). For both HIIE protocols, FMD was reduced only at 30 min postprandial but never fell below baseline 1 or FMD during control at any time point. In contrast, control FMD decreased at 2 h (3.8 ± 0.4%, P < 0.001) and remained significantly lower than HIIE 4 × 4 and 16 × 1 at 2 and 4 h. Postprandial glucose and triglycerides were unaffected by HIIE. In conclusion, HIIE performed ~18 h before a high-energy fast food meal can attenuate but not entirely eliminate postprandial decreases in FMD. This effect is not dependent on reductions in postprandial lipemia or glycemia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Two similar high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) protocols performed ∼18 h before ingestion of a high-energy fast food meal attenuated but did not entirely eliminate postprandial endothelial dysfunction in young men largely by improving fasting endothelial function. Both HIIE protocols produced essentially identical results, suggesting high reproducibility of HIIE effects.

Acute responses of platelet count and ADP-induced platelet aggregation to different high intensity interval exercise modes

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Ahmadizad ◽  
Hiwa Rahmani ◽  
Nikoo Khosravi ◽  
Zahra Falakdin ◽  
Philippe Connes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Intensity Interval

BACKGROUND: Platelet activation is associated with abdominal obesity and exercise training is an important modulator of body weight. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of two high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) protocols of different intensity and duration on platelet indices and platelet aggregation in overweight men. METHODS: Ten overweight men performed 6 intervals of 30s exercise at 110% of peak power output (PPO) interspersed by 3 : 30 min active recovery (1/7 protocol) at 40% of PPO and 6 intervals of 2 min exercise at 85% of PPO interspersed by 2 min active recovery (1/1 protocol) at 30% of PPO in two separate sessions. Platelet indices and platelet aggregation were measured before and immediately after both HIIEs. RESULTS: Platelet indices increased significantly following HIIE (P < 0.05), though, significant differences between the two protocols were only detected for platelet count, which was markedly increased following 1/1 protocol. Platelet aggregation increased significantly (P < 0.05) in response to the two HIIE protocols, with no significant difference being observed between the two protocols (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that HIIE leads to transient increases in markers of thrombus formation and that work to rest ratio is an important factor when investigating the changes in thrombocytosis following HIIE.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular Response to an Acute Bout of Low-Volume High Intensity Interval Exercise and Recovery in Young Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicen A. Whitaker ◽  
Stacey E. Aaron ◽  
Carolyn S. Kaufman ◽  
Brady K. Kurtz ◽  
Stephen X. Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
End Tidal

Introduction: High intensity interval exercise (HIIT) is performed widely. However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the acute cerebrovascular response to low-volume HIIT. Our objective was to characterize the middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) response during an acute bout of low-volume HIIT in young healthy adults. We hypothesized MCAv would decrease below baseline (BL) 1) during HIIT, 2) immediately following HIIT, 3) and 30-minutes after HIIT. As a secondary objective, we investigated sex differences in the MCAv response during HIIT. Methods: Twenty-four young healthy adults completed HIIT (12 male, age 25 (SD 2)). HIIT included 10-minutes of 1-minute high intensity (~70% estimated maximal watts) and active recovery (10% estimated maximal watts) intervals on a recumbent stepper. MCAv, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and end tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2), were recorded at BL, during HIIT, immediately following HIIT, and 30-minutes after HIIT. Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, MCAv remained above BL during HIIT. MCAv peaked at minute 3 then decreased concomitantly with PETCO2. MCAv was lower than BL immediately following HIIT (p < 0.001). Thirty-minutes after HIIT, MCAv returned to BL (p = 0.47). Compared to men, women had a higher MCAv at BL (p = 0.001), during HIIT (p = 0.009), immediately following HIIT (p = 0.004) and 30-minutes after HIIT (p = 0.001). Conclusions: MCAv did not decrease below BL during low-volume HIIT. However, MCAv decreased below BL immediately following HIIT and returned to resting values 30-minutes after HIIT. MCAv also differed between sex.

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